有关建立波动方程的教学法的探讨

在教科书中,建立波动方程总是以时间参量做为主要参量。然而,在波动的描述中,相位才是最重要的概念。本文以相位为主要参量,讨论波动方程的建立。     

Microwave specular scattering response of soil texture at X-band

Soil texture is an important soil parameter that is useful for meteorology, climatology, hydrology, ecology, etc. Therefore, it is important to classify soil based on soil texture (i.e., sand, silt and clay). A lot of studies with radar remote sensing have been carried out to estimate soil moisture and surface roughness, but less attention has been given to study the effect of individual soil texture on radar scattering, especially in specular direction. The main aim of this paper is to check the behavior of specular scattering with change in soil texture. This effect has also been analyzed in presence of soil moisture and surface roughness. Scattering coefficient has been retrieved for various soil texture fields with indigenously designed X-band bistatic scatterometer for a range of incidence angles (from 30° to 70° in steps of 10°) in both like polarizations, i.e., HH-polarization and VV-polarization. Observations were made at 10 GHz frequency. Four different fields were considered on the basis of soil texture variations; especially changes in sand percentage were made. Roughness (smooth soil to 1.4 cm rms surface height) and moisture (dry soil to 0.21 cm³ cm⁻³ volumetric soil moisture) conditions of these fields were varied for observations. Strong change in specular scattering coefficient is observed by changing the sand percentage in soil for HH-polarization, while in case of VV-polarization a lesser change is observed. Also a high change in specular scattering coefficient is noticed once moisture is added to the soil. It is difficult to observe the change in specular scattering coefficient with change in soil texture when surface is considered as rough. Therefore, it is important to minimize the roughness effect while observing the texture with specular scattering. For this purpose, polarization study was carried out to see how polarization can be helpful to minimize the roughness effect. The effect of soil texture on copolarization ratio is critically analyzed, and it is observed that for higher incidence angle (50°), the distinction in soil texture fields are clearly observable on the basis of copolarization ratio. This type of study will be helpful in near future to design the bistatic radar system for soil parameter monitoring, especially for cartwheel satellite system.     

声表面波压力遥测传感器的理论与设计

介绍了一种遥测声表面波压力传感器的原理与设计,其核心敏感部件是由声表面波谐振器组成的振荡器,文中给出了主要的测试结果。     

太阳风中的Alfven波耗散与电子和质子温度分布问题

根据动力论Alfven波耗散机制,详细计算了动力论Alfven波衰减的能量分配给质子和电子的比率.初步解释了高速太阳风中质子温度比电子温度高的事实,定性说明了r＜10R_s时电子快速冷却的原因.      

雷达散射截面积的计算研究

 采用矢通量分裂法在网格加密后对电磁散射场和雷达散射截面积RCS进行了检验.根据矢通量分裂法将特征值分解为正负两部分,每一部分抑制了各自的误差.目前计算RCS大都采用频域方法,运用时域方法在实际网格下进行差分运算还较少见.计算结果与网格加密前的情况基本一致.     

有涂覆层的导体圆柱空间散射特性的数值计算

文中根据带有涂覆层的导体圆柱在平面波的照射下的散射场表达式,进行了全面的数值计算,说明了虚宗量的Bessel函数和Hankel函数的计算方法,分别给出了平行极化波和垂直极化波入射时双站RCS的计算曲线,包括不同涂覆层厚度的影响、入射波频率、涂覆层介质的相对介电常数、导磁率变化时双站RCS的变化规律,获得了有参考意义的结果.     

扇面波导斜缝特性的矩量法分析

根据缝隙口面切向场的连续条件,采用解析数值法--矩量法,对扇面波导宽壁上窄的斜缝进行了计算,解得了磁流系数及其分布,并得到散射场、等效散射参量及等效阻抗等重要参数.假定波导中仅有TE-11主模传输,在X波段计算了散射参量和归一化等效串联阻抗,给出计算结果,为缝隙天线和缝隙阵列设计提供了依据.     

STUDY OF SWEPT SHOCK WAVE AND BOUNDARY LAYER INTERACTIONS

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超声速进气道湍流流场的数值模拟

采用有限体积法数值模拟了超声速进气道的湍流流场,改进了离散纳维尔－斯托克斯方程中粘性项的方法,使之具有较好的守恒性,研究使用了变系数的隐式残差光顺等加速收敛技术,并讨论了超音来流、收敛型进气道复杂流场初场的给定方法,所得到的数值解正确地展示了流场的复杂激波结构。     

Proton lateral broadening distribution comparisons between GRNTRN,MCNPX, and laboratory beam measurements

Recent developments in NASA’s deterministic High charge (Z) and Energy TRaNsport (HZETRN) code have included lateral broadening of primary ion beams due to small-angle multiple Coulomb scattering, and coupling of the ion-nuclear scattering interactions with energy loss and straggling. This new version of HZETRN is based on Green function methods, called GRNTRN, and is suitable for modeling transport with both space environment and laboratory boundary conditions. Multiple scattering processes are a necessary extension to GRNTRN in order to accurately model ion beam experiments, to simulate the physical and biological-effective radiation dose, and to develop new methods and strategies for light-ion radiation therapy. In this paper we compare GRNTRN simulations of proton lateral broadening distributions with beam measurements taken at Loma Linda University Proton Therapy Facility. The simulated and measured lateral broadening distributions are compared for a 250 MeV proton beam on aluminum, polyethylene, polystyrene, bone substitute, iron, and lead target materials. The GRNTRN results are also compared to simulations from the Monte Carlo MCNPX code for the same projectile-target combinations described above.