脊状表面航行器模型减阻特性的水洞实验研究

通过水洞实验研究具有横流方向的脊状表面航行器的阻力特性。运用三分力天平,分别对光滑表面航行器模型和脊状表面航行器模型在零迎角、不同水速下进行阻力测试,得到其减阻特性曲线。实验结果表明,脊状表面航行器模型具有很好的减阻效果,减阻量与脊状结构的特征尺寸、间距以及来流速度有密切关系。在实验工况内,最大减阻量达到11.7%。     

天然气绕三角翼旋流的水洞实验研究

天然气绕三角翼产生旋流,使天然气中的游离水滴甩出,附着在管道内壁上,在气流的牵引下沿管道内壁向下游流动,实现了气水分离的目的。通过水洞实验,利用染色液流动显示技术,探讨了流体绕三角翼后产生旋流的可行性。同时,基于均匀设计思想对三角翼的前缘后掠角、后缘后掠角和迎角等几何参数分别做了5个水平的实验研究,均证实了天然气绕三角翼后产生旋流的可靠性,为该技术的应用奠定了基础。     

高层建筑热水采暖系统运行改造

在高层建筑热水采暖系统中,论述了简单的将直接连接改造成间接连接,会造成室内采暖系统供、回水温度下降;散热器的传热系数κ值下降;散热器的散热量减少约20%;采暖温度下降约25.6%,达不到采暖的设计温度。在此基础上,提出高层建筑热水采暖室内系统同步改造的理念。     

振动二元翼流动显示水洞试验研究

本文是用流场显示的方法研究各种形式的机械激励对二元机翼大攻角流场的影响。得到的试验结果表明,所采用的机械激励对大攻角失速分离流动有强的控制作用。它清楚地反映了过去风洞试验结果的物理本质,也为今后的非定常增升效应研究明确了方向。     

一种新型边界层控制技术应用于湍流减阻的实验研究

对一种新型的边界层控制技术-菱形网圆坑点阵结构的减阻特性进行了研究,水洞实验表明这种结构应用于NACA-16012翼型表面的减阻效果最高可达22%.     

SB-2复合水稳剂研制及性能评价

本文对SB - 2复合水稳剂的缓蚀阻垢性能进行了研究。该药剂适合高硬度高碱度水 ,动态模拟试验表明它的平均腐蚀速率为 0 .0 2 6 3mm/a、极限污垢热阻为 1 70× 10 -4M2 ℃ /千卡·小时 ) ,具有良好的性能。     

Na2MoO4与EDTMP在模拟工业循环水中缓蚀协同效应的研究

介绍了用浸泡法测定缓蚀剂Na2 MoO4 和EDTMP对A3钢在自配水样中缓蚀率的影响 ,结果发现在Na2 MoO4 浓度为 9.7× 10 - 4mol/L、EDTMP浓度为 18.36× 10 - 4mol/L时 ,二者的协同缓蚀效果最佳 ,在保证一定流速下更为有效 ,为进一步开发新的缓蚀剂作出了有益的尝试     

水剂清洗在大批量生产中的应用

介绍可替代汽油、煤油清洗金属零组件的水剂清洗剂在大批量生产中的应用。     

GRACE products and land surface models for estimating the changes in key water storage components in the Nile River Basin

The Nile River Basin (NRB) is facing extreme demand for its water resources due to an alarming increase in population and the changing climate. The NRB is not compatible with ground-based in-situ observations owing to its large basin area size and limited hydrological data access from basin countries. Thus, it lends itself to remotely sensed approaches with high spatial resolution and extended temporal coverage. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) avails a unique opportunity to investigate the changes in key components of terrestrial water storage (TWS). GRACE TWS solutions have specific tuning parameters and processing strategies that result in regionally specific variations and error patterns. We explored the TWS time series spatiotemporal changes, trends, uncertainties, and signal-to-noise ratio among different GRACE TWS data. We had also investigated the key terrestrial water storage components such as surface water, soil moisture, and groundwater storage changes. The results show that GRACE spherical harmonic solutions' uncertainty is higher than the mass concentration (mascon) over the NRB, and the Center for Space Research-mascons had the best performance. The evapotranspiration correlation (R² = 0.85) has the highest correlation with GRACE’s TWS, whereas the normalized difference vegetation index (R² = 0.82) has the second highest correlation. Notably, significant long-term (2003–2017) negative groundwater and soil moisture trends demonstrate a potential depletion of the NRB. Despite an increase in precipitation and the TWS time series, the rate of decline increased rapidly after 2008, thereby indicating the possibility of human-induced change (e.g. for irrigation purposes). Therefore, the results of this study provide a guide for future studies related to hydro-climatic change over the NRB and similar basins.     

Analysis of precipitable water vapour characteristics from GNSS measurements during the snow season in Liaoning Province,China

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) remote sensing precipitable water vapour (PWV) data from November 2015 to March 2019 were combined with snowfall observation data and used to analyse PWV characteristics in Liaoning Province during the snow season (from November to March the following year) and their relationship with snowfall. The potential of using GNSS for PWV measurements was demonstrated using sounding data with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.9 and a mean bias error lower than 0.5 mm. According to the GNSS PWV data gathered at 30-min intervals from 68 GNSS stations in Liaoning during the snow season, the monthly PWV average was highest in November and lowest in January. Negative correlations were found between PWV and altitude. Most of the water vapour was concentrated in the low layer of the atmosphere, and the contribution of this vapour to the PWV was higher during the snow season than in summer. A total of 43 snow cases were identified using the snowfall records from 53 GNSS stations, and the characteristics of PWV during these snowfalls were analysed. An increase in PWV was observed before snowfall events. Moreover, the influence of synoptic systems and air mass origins on PWV was analysed based on National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results show that the water vapour condition was better when the synoptic systems or air masses came from areas south of Liaoning.