尾迹对低压涡轮端区非定常流动影响的数值研究

为提高尾迹对涡轮端区二次流影响的认识,利用尾迹降低端区损失,采用了数值模拟的方法对T106A非定常工况下的叶栅流动进行模拟,辅以实验进行校核。以上游尾迹对端区附面层的抬升作用和上游尾迹对叶栅通道前部涡系结构的破坏作用为切入点,分析尾迹对端区二次流非定常发展过程的影响。研究发现尾迹中心离开叶栅通道时,尾迹对叶栅端区二次流起抑制作用;当尾迹尾部离开叶栅通道时,尾迹卷起的轮毂附面层激励了端区二次流,使二次流更加活跃。     

Experiments on unsteady vortex flowfield of typical rotor airfoils under dynamic stall conditions

A new experiment for airfoil dynamic stall is conducted by employing the advanced particle image velocimetry(PIV) technology in an open-return wind tunnel. The aim of this experimental investigation is to demonstrate the influences of different motion parameters on the convection velocity, position and strength of leading edge vortex(LEV) of airfoil under different dynamic stall conditions. Two different typical rotor airfoils, OA209 and SC1095, are measured at different free stream velocities, oscillation frequencies, and angles of attack. It is demonstrated by the measured data that the airfoil with larger leading edge radius could notably decrease the strength of LEV. The angle of attack(Ao A) of airfoil can obviously influence the dynamic stall characteristics of airfoil,and the LEV would be effectively inhibited by decreasing the mean pitch angle. In addition, the convection velocity of LEV is estimated in this measurement, and the results demonstrate that the influence of airfoil shape on convection velocity of LEV is limited, but the convection velocity of LEV would be increased by enlarging the oscillation frequency. Meanwhile, the convection velocity of LEV is a time variant value, and this value would increase as the LEV convects to the trailing edge of airfoil.     

动态试验中支架对三角翼涡破碎影响研究

在南京航空航天大学低我洞中用前缘后掠角分别为６５°和７０°三角翼模型，采用不同厚度和不同位置安装的类似后横向支架进行过失速非定常破碎涡的测定实验，涡及破碎点位置由ＴｉＣｌ４烟流显示，并用相机记录。实验表明，在非定常过失速情况下，涡的破碎位置和非定常气动力一样具有迟滞环特性。     

Shear flow energy redistribution stipulated by the internal-gravity wavy structures in the dissipative ionosphere

The linear mechanism of generation, intensification and further nonlinear dynamics of internal gravity waves (IGW) in stably stratified dissipative ionosphere with non-uniform zonal wind (shear flow) is studied. In case of the shear flows the operators of linear problem are non-selfadjoint, and the corresponding Eigen functions – nonorthogonal. Thus, canonical – modal approach is of less use studying such motions. Non-modal mathematical analysis becomes more adequate for such problems. On the basis of non-modal approach, the equations of dynamics and the energy transfer of IGW disturbances in the ionosphere with a shear flow is obtained. Exact analytical solutions of the linear as well as the nonlinear dynamic equations of the problem are built. The increment of shear instability of IGW is defined. It is revealed that the transient amplification of IGW disturbances due time does not flow exponentially, but in algebraic – power law manner. The effectiveness of the linear amplification mechanism of IGW at interaction with non-uniform zonal wind is analyzed. It is shown that at initial linear stage of evolution IGW effectively temporarily draws energy from the shear flow significantly increasing (by an order of magnitude) own amplitude and energy. With amplitude growth the nonlinear mechanism turns on and the process ends with self-organization of nonlinear solitary, strongly localized IGW vortex structures (the monopole vortex, the transverse vortex chain or the longitudinal vortex street). Accumulation of these vortices in the ionospheric medium can create the strongly turbulent state.     

三角形截面高柔结构横风向振动的风洞试验研究

本文介绍了正三角形截面高柔结构模型在均匀流场和湍流场中三种迎角下的横风向风振响应风洞试验结果，分析了三角形截面高柔结构的横风向涡激振动现象与驰振危险性，获得了一些数据和结论。     

Experimental and numerical study of tip injection in a subsonic axial flow compressor

Parametric study of tip injection was implemented experimentally on a subsonic axial flow compressor to understand the underlying flow mechanisms of stability improvement of the compressor with discrete tip injection.Injector throat height varied from 2 to 6 times the height of rotor tip clearance,and circumferential coverage percentage ranged from 8.3％ to 25％ of the annulus.Static pressure fluctuations over the rotor tip were measured with fast-response pressure transducers.Whole-passage time-accurate simulations were also carried out to help us understand the flow details.The combinations of tip injection with traditional casing treatments were experi mentally studied to generate an engineering-acceptable method of compressor stall control.The results indicate that the maximum stability improvement is achieved when injectors are choked despite their different sizes.The effect of circumferential coverage percentage on compressor stabil ity depends on the value of injector throat height for un-choked injectors,and vice versa.Tip blockage in the blade passage is greatly reduced by the choked injectors,which is the primary reason for stability enhancement.The accomplishment of blockage diminishment is maintained in the circumferential direction with the unsteady effect of tip injection,which manifests as a hysteresis between the recovery of tip blockage and the recovery of tip leakage vortex.The unsteady effect is primarily responsible for the effectiveness of tip injection with a partial circumferential coverage.Tip injection cannot enhance the stability of the rotor with axial slots significantly,but it can improve the stabil ity of the rotor with circumferential grooves further.The combined structure of tip injection with circumferential grooves is an alternative for engineering application.     

后掠翼身交接区流动结构及参数影响研究

在水槽中利用激光片光源及荧光素钠染色液显示方法 ,研究了圆柱、机翼与平板交接区及后掠圆柱、后掠机翼变迎角情况下的干扰流场结构、特性及参数影响规律。结果表明 ,除Re数之外模型迎角、后掠角等参数对干扰区马蹄涡特性有很大影响。研究发现后掠圆柱及后掠机翼在一定条件下存在一类既不同于马蹄涡也不同于卡门涡的空间稳定发展的三维旋涡系即背涡。讨论了干扰背涡产生的机制及其与马蹄涡的相互关系。     

波纹管流体诱导振动研究进展

波纹管输运高速流体时经常会发生疲劳破坏,流体诱导波纹管振动是导致波纹管疲劳破坏的重要因素之一.通过归纳总结国外相关研究成果,阐述了流体诱导振动的机理：液体诱导波纹管振动属于漩涡脱落诱导振动;气体诱导波纹管振动属于声振荡-弹性耦合振动.根据研究结果提出了抑制振动的措施.     

旋涡破裂对单独翼气动特性的影响及其工程估算方法

本文介绍了旋涡破裂对单独翼纵向和横向气动特性的影响,在分析和归纳实验数据的基础上,提出估算旋涡破裂对单独翼纵向和横向气动特性影响的工程方法。     

空中交通中尾流间隔的研究

分析了雷达尾流间隔标准的分类，通过尾流的形成机理和对后机影响的分析，建立了后机的危险遭遇模型和前机的尾流消散模型，给出了在确定的时间间隔下确定尾流危险遭遇概率的方法。