风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术研究

采用双尾支撑测量形式的加工、装配误差会使系统内应力过大,影响测量精度。针对某“双机身”飞机CTS 风洞试验气动力测量需求,发展基于多维力天平内置的风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术;研制具有消除系统内应力功能的双支撑系统,提出两种6 分量双支撑天平校准及测力方法,并对数据处理和双支撑系统可靠性进行检验加载、对比分析和验证。结果表明：风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术能够有效消除双支撑天平系统由于过约束而导致的固有装配内应力,双支撑天平系统各部分连接、测量可靠;两种校准测力方法测量精度相当,均能达到单台应变天平测量误差水平,可满足风洞试验测量精度需求;综合考虑现有校准设备校准能力,最终采用“合成式校准测力”方法进行的风洞试验,获得了满意的试验测力精度。     

旋转带肋直通道湍流流动TR-PIV实验

采用高频粒子图像测速系统(TR-PIV)测量了旋转带肋通道内的主流平均速度、雷诺切应力、再附点等参数,并研究其沿程变化规律,通道高宽比为1,肋的阻塞比为01,雷诺数为10 000,旋转数从0变化到052,实验结果表明:静止时流动呈对称分布,但旋转后产生的哥氏力会极大地影响通道内的湍流流动,随着转速的增加,主流速度型偏向后缘面,前缘面涡系结构不断增大,再附点不断后移,而后缘面正好相反,并且这种趋势会沿程发展;前缘面附近的雷诺切应力变得越来越弱,而后缘面则越来越强,沿程雷诺切应力极值基本不变,但下游区域有所扩大。      

Environmental stress level evaluation approach based on physical model and interval grey association degree

 Associating environmental stresses (ESs) with built-in test (BIT) output is an important means to help diagnose intermittent faults (IFs). Aiming at low efficiency in association of traditional time stress measurement device (TSMD), an association model is built. Thereafter, a novel approach is given to evaluate the integrated environmental stress (IES) level. Firstly, the selection principle and approach of main environmental stresses (MESs) and key characteristic parameters (KCPs) are presented based on fault mode, mechanism, and ESs analysis (FMMEA). Secondly, reference stress events (RSEs) are constructed by dividing IES into three stress levels according to its impact on faults; and then the association model between integrated environmental stress event (IESE) and BIT output is built. Thirdly, an interval grey association approach to evaluate IES level is proposed due to the interval number of IES value. Consequently, the association output can be obtained as well. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate the proposed approach. Results show the proposed model and approach are effective and feasible. This approach can be used to guide ESs measure, record, and association. It is well suited for on-line assistant diagnosis of faults, especially IFs.     

薄壳机匣开孔补强的应力集中分析

发动机机匣上安装凸台结构，可简化为机匣壳体开孔后用围壁和加强板组合补强的力学模型。文中从弹性力学的基本公式出发，采用上述简化模型，得到了壳体孔边应力分析的计算公式，并编制了计算程序，进行了实例计算，获得了发动机机匣各种安装凸台的应力集中系数。本文的研究成果对合理地确定机匣安装凸台的几何形状和尺寸具有参考价值。     

Experimental investigation on deformation behavior of TJ-1 lunar soil simulant subjected to principal stress rotation

The knowledge of mechanical properties of lunar soil is of fundamental importance for the coming exploration of the Moon. This paper aims to investigate the fundamental deformation behavior of lunar soil and the effects of the intermediate principal stress coefficient, deviatoric stress ratio, and mean stress during the principal stress rotation. First, an improved technique was proposed to generate homogeneous samples based on the Multi-layer Undercompaction Method. Second, three series of tests on TJ-1 lunar soil simulant under the principal stress rotation were performed with a hollow cylinder apparatus at Tongji University, China. In each series of tests, only one value of the three variables mentioned above was changed while the others were kept constant. The test results demonstrate that the rotation of principal stress can result in significant plastic deformation, volumetric strain, and non-coaxiality (non-coincidence of the increment direction of principal plastic strain with the principal stress direction) of TJ-1 lunar soil simulant. In addition, it is found that the intermediate principal stress coefficient, deviatoric stress ratio, and mean stress have different influences on the four strain components, i.e. _εz,_εr,_εθ${\epsilon }_z\text{,}{\epsilon }_{\text{r}}\text{,}{\epsilon }_{\theta }$ and _γzθ${\gamma }_{z\theta }$, volumetric strain, and non-coaxiality during the principal stress rotation. The influence of deviatoric stress ratio is relatively stronger than the others. Therefore, the influence of principal stress rotation on the deformation behavior of lunar soil should be taken into account carefully in the design and construction of facilities on the lunar surface in the future.     

组合互感器检定方法探讨

提出了符合组合互感器运行状态的整体检定方法以及按元件分别检定计算整体误差的方法;给出了几种条件下电流、电压互感器和组合互感器的误差限值;对整体检定方法的优点和检定用标准器的选择进行了论述。     

机载计算机雷电防护研究

介绍了雷电的形成和危害,机载计算机雷电防护的要求和标准,各种雷电防护器件的特点,分析了雷电防护的方法和电路拓扑,防护器件的参数计算及选择。雷电防护研究是一门试验科学,设计是否合理必须通过相关试验进行验证。     

活塞式发动机电嘴常见故障及预防措施

在活塞式发动机中,电嘴故障在点火系统中占有较大的比例,其中大部分是电嘴本身的故障,也有一些是其他机件（如高压线、磁电机）的故障在电嘴上表现出来。本文对活塞式发动机电嘴常见故障进行了分析并提出预防措施。     

民机机翼千斤顶顶升装置分析

千斤顶顶升情况是民用飞机在进行维修、更换零部件时必须考虑的一个状态。对民机顶升的相关适航条款进行了理解;对B737及A320的机翼顶升装置进行了总结对比,通过传力分析,比较了其优缺点。两种机型的传力方式稍有不同：B737机翼顶升载荷的垂直分量由加强肋承担主要传递到前梁,水平分量通过挤压由下壁板承担;A320机翼顶升载荷...     

振动时效在消除铸铝合金框架变形中的应用

铸铝合金异型件在加工过程中的变形问题广泛存在,而残余应力是引起变形的关键因素。本文从框架类产品的设计结构入手,分析残余应力与产品变形间的关系,结合振动时效工艺机理,重点详述了利用振动时效消除铸铝合金框架类产品变形工艺。试验表明,振动时效可显著消除铸铝合金框架件变形。