从双层到多层带有微结构的硅硅直接键合技术研究

通过理论分析和实验验证对多层带有微结构的硅硅直接键合技术进行了研究.采用的硅片表面活化处理方法是亲水湿法,采用的键合工艺流程是先将硅片在键合机中进行预键合,再使用退火炉进行高温退火.其中预键合参数对多层键合成功与否起到决定性的作用,为节约实验时间,针对3个主要预键合参数（温度、压力、时间）的选取进行了详细的正交实验分析.使用项目组自制的硅硅键合分析软件对键合片的红外图像进行处理分析,计算键合率.采用实验得到的最佳预键合工艺参数,多层键合的键合率达到了86.6527%.      

A facility for simulating Titan’s environment

As a result of measurements acquired by the Cassini–Huygens mission of Titan’s near surface atmospheric composition and temperature, Titan conditions can now be simulated in the laboratory and samples can subsequently be subjected to those conditions. Titan demonstrates an active hydrological-like cycle with its thick atmosphere, dynamic clouds, polar lakes of methane and ethane, moist regolith, and extensive fluvial erosive features. Unlike Earth, Titan’s hydrological-like cycle likely involves several constituents, primarily methane and ethane. Here the properties of a new Titan simulation facility are presented, including conceptual methodology, design, implementation, and performance results. The chamber maintains Titan’s surface temperature and pressure, and the sample cryogenic liquids undergoing experimentation are condensed within the chamber itself. During the experiments, the evaporation rates of the sample liquids are directly determined by continually measuring mass. Constituents are analyzed utilizing a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and vapor concentrations are determined using a gas chromatograph fitted with a Flame Ionization Detector (FID). All pertinent data is logged via computer. Under laboratory conditions, the direct measurements of the evaporation rates of methane, ethane, and mixtures thereof can be achieved. Among the processes to be studied are the effects of regolith on transport from the subsurface to the atmosphere, the freezing point depression effects of dissolved nitrogen, and the solubility of various relevant organic compounds.     

EWB在虚拟电工实验中的应用

介绍“EDA”软件EWB的功能特点，探讨将其用于虚拟电工实验的可行性和优越性。     

高位垂直进气径向出流旋转盘腔风阻效应的实验

用实验的方法对高位垂直进气转静系旋转盘的风阻效应进行了研究,研究结果表明:转盘无量纲力矩系数随着旋转雷诺数的增加而减小;转盘无量纲力矩系数随着流量系数的增加而增加;且与冷却的具体结构有关;在高旋转雷诺数时,转盘无量纲力矩系数小于自由盘无量纲力矩系数;当流量为0时,无量纲力矩系数的数值全部小于自由盘之值.     

Expectations for Crater Size and Photometric Evolution from the Deep Impact Collision

The NASA Discovery Deep Impact mission involves a unique experiment designed to excavate pristine materials from below the surface of comet. In July 2005, the Deep Impact (DI) spacecraft, will release a 360 kg probe that will collide with comet 9P/Tempel 1. This collision will excavate pristine materials from depth and produce a crater whose size and appearance will provide fundamental insights into the nature and physical properties of the upper 20 to 40 m. Laboratory impact experiments performed at the NASA Ames Vertical Gun Range at NASA Ames Research Center were designed to assess the range of possible outcomes for a wide range of target types and impact angles. Although all experiments were performed under terrestrial gravity, key scaling relations and processes allow first-order extrapolations to Tempel 1. If gravity-scaling relations apply (weakly bonded particulate near-surface), the DI impact could create a crater 70 m to 140 m in diameter, depending on the scaling relation applied. Smaller than expected craters can be attributed either to the effect of strength limiting crater growth or to collapse of an unstable (deep) transient crater as a result of very high porosity and compressibility. Larger then expected craters could indicate unusually low density (< 0.3 g cm⁻³) or backpressures from expanding vapor. Consequently, final crater size or depth may not uniquely establish the physical nature of the upper 20 m of the comet. But the observed ejecta curtain angles and crater morphology will help resolve this ambiguity. Moreover, the intensity and decay of the impact “flash” as observed from Earth, space probes, or the accompanying DI flyby instruments should provide critical data that will further resolve ambiguities.     

Impact Cratering Theory and Modeling for the Deep Impact Mission: From Mission Planning to Data Analysis

The cratering event produced by the Deep Impact mission is a unique experimental opportunity, beyond the capability of Earth-based laboratories with regard to the impacting energy, target material, space environment, and extremely low-gravity field. Consequently, impact cratering theory and modeling play an important role in this mission, from initial inception to final data analysis. Experimentally derived impact cratering scaling laws provide us with our best estimates for the crater diameter, depth, and formation time: critical in the mission planning stage for producing the flight plan and instrument specifications. Cratering theory has strongly influenced the impactor design, producing a probe that should produce the largest possible crater on the surface of Tempel 1 under a wide range of scenarios. Numerical hydrocode modeling allows us to estimate the volume and thermodynamic characteristics of the material vaporized in the early stages of the impact. Hydrocode modeling will also aid us in understanding the observed crater excavation process, especially in the area of impacts into porous materials. Finally, experimentally derived ejecta scaling laws and modeling provide us with a means to predict and analyze the observed behavior of the material launched from the comet during crater excavation, and may provide us with a unique means of estimating the magnitude of the comet’s gravity field and by extension the mass and density of comet Tempel 1.     

旋流管强化传热与流体动力学试验研究

在螺旋槽管的基础上开发出一种新型强化管--旋流管,对5根不同结构参数的旋流管的换热特性和流体动力学特性进行了试验研究,用多元线性回归法得到了具有较高精度的旋流管的传热系数及摩擦系数的统计关联式,分析了影响旋流管传热与流阻性能的主要因素.结果表明,旋流管比同类型的强化管综合性能更优越,在相同传热量下,旋流管的换热系数比螺旋槽管高3%～8%,而压力损失低5%～10%.     

涡轮叶栅前缘上游端壁气膜冷却的流场实验研究

对前缘上游端壁有单排和双排孔冷却的大尺寸低速涡轮导向叶栅进行了气动测量、热示踪和端壁流场显示,在吹风比1～3范围获得了叶栅内的详细流场、冷气的空间分布和端壁上的流动图案。结合先前测得的没有冷却时的流场数据,这些结果表明端壁气膜冷却对叶栅流场结构有重大影响,吹风比是主宰射流与二次流间相互作用的主要因素,双排孔喷射使冷气比单排孔喷射更贴近端壁。低吹风比喷射冷气不能到达压力面并被二次流逐渐卷离端壁;中吹风比喷射有效的抑制了二次流的形成,并使端壁流线偏向于无粘流流线,冷气很均匀的覆盖在端壁上。      

柔性绳索体展开过程数值模拟及实验

基于离散质点系统假设,将柔性网体的网目结点近似为集中质量球单元,结点间的网线近似为杆单元,引入Kawabata拉伸张力应变模型,考虑气动力影响,建立柔性网体的动力学方程,运用四阶Runge-Kutta法进行数值计算,根据能量损耗量对速度修正,基于OpenGL后处理显示,实现了对柔性网体运动过程的仿真,并与警用网枪发射实验加以对比,仿真结果与实验一致。对比了空气动力系数的不同确定形式对网体展开的影响,空气动力系数由雷诺数函数确定时,仿真结果更接近实际情况。     

三维侧压式进气道的减阻研究

为实现三维侧压式进气道的减阻,采用了数值模拟和来流马赫数Ma₀=5.3风洞试验相结合的方法研究了两种三维侧压式进气道,其中之一为基准进气道,其二是在基准进气道的基础上采用某些减阻措施的低阻进气道.结果表明:所采用的减阻措施是有效的,在Ma₀=5.3的条件下,进气道的压差阻力可以减少4.7%左右,摩擦阻力可以减少约4.9%,附加阻力可以转化为附加推力,总阻力可以减少4.7%左右.与此同时,进气道的总体性能也得到明显改善.