一种新的导航星选取算法研究

在导航星表的建立过程中，由于恒星的数量太多，往往要进行筛选，通常这种选择复杂费时，而结果往往并不是最优的。本文引入了动态星等阈值分布函数，将传统星等阈值过滤算法中的静态阈值用动态星等阈值代替，建立了一种新的动态星等阈值过滤选择模式。而基于统计学习理论的支持向量机方法为求解高维非线性动态星等阈值分布函数提供了新的途径。本文讨论了这种基于支持向量机的导航星自动选择算法——回归选取算法。实验表明，用该算法所选取的导航星表，导航星数量少、分布均匀性好。同时它还能适应多种任务的导航星选取要求，具有很强的通用性。     

海上雾霾天气下基于能见度的舰载机目视着舰风险评估方法研究

针对雾霾天气对舰载机目视着舰安全性的影响难以量化的问题,利用激光雷达在近海的能见度观测数据,反演海上雾霾天气下飞行员目视着舰的斜程能见度的状况,提出 1种基于能见度指标的目视着舰风险评估方法,将舰载机着舰过程中飞行员频繁的目测压力,转变为舰上数据测量、风险评估和应对措施等程序化工作,将定性的安全分析转变为定量的风险评估和安全指导,谋求在现有着舰控制模式下有效降低飞行员着舰压力,提升指挥引导效率,为低能见度下舰载机目视着舰训练提供理论依据和实践指导。     

基于ANP数据库的飞机起飞仿真研究

以可视化的方式全面直观的反应其航迹,来检验或者分析飞机起飞过程,为解决飞机噪声问题提供技术理论支持,利用ANP数据库,从中获取各种机型的飞行程序和性能参数,计算飞机起飞航迹及航迹上各点的推力、速度、姿态等,实现了飞机起飞过程及其航迹的三维可视化仿真。     

立体显示技术及其在航空电子系统中的应用

分析了航空电子系统对立体显示技术的需求；介绍了各种立体显示技术的基本原理，并对比了各种立体显示技术的性能特点，提出了航空电子可应用的立体显示技术设想。     

Virtual Reality-based Teleoperation with Robustness Against Modeling Errors

This article investigates virtual reality (VR)-based teleoperation with robustness against modeling errors. VR technology is an effective way to overcome the large time delay during space robot teleoperation. However, it depends highly on the accuracy of model. Model errors between the virtual and real environment exist inevitably. The existing way to deal with the problem is by means of either model matching or robot compliance control. As distinct from the existing methods, this article tries to combine model matching and robot compliance control. On one hand, the status of the virtual robot is corrected by using the position sensor data from robot joints before and during teleoperation, and the pose of the virtually manipulated object is obtained with visual recognition technology. On the other hand, compliance control algorithms of impedance control based on joint torque sensors and hybrid position/force control based on a wrist sensor have been executed in order to eliminate the small sustaining model errors. A VR-based teleoperation system of satellite on-orbit self-serving is built up. In order to verify the proposed method, an experiment deploying the solar panel troubled by malfunction is carried out through teleoperation. It shows that the large model errors are removed with the model matching method and the adopted compliance control is robust against the remaining small model errors.     

基于多步裁定法评估编队超视距空战效能

提出了评估编队歼击机超视距空战效能的多步裁定法。用损失交换比和剩余飞机数量作为效能指标,将最优火力分配与空空反导弹引入到多步裁定模型中。考虑了电子对抗与飞机生存力,计算了歼击机领先发射概率、空空导弹击毁概率和发射次数。算例表明,领先发射一方超视距空战效能通常较高,滞后发射一方若采用最优火力分配、空空反导弹、电子对抗及提高飞机生存力等措施也可提高超视距空战效能。此模型计算简便,合理有效。     

基于运动特征和中心环绕模型的空对地车辆检测方法

平台的移动基于空基车辆检测以其视野广、速度快、适应性强等优点,近些年成为了智能交通和航空应急救援等领域内的一个热点课题。然而,在城市背景的交通环境下,由于复杂背景造成的干扰、车辆运动的不规律性以及光照等条件变化带来的噪声,有效地获取运动对象特征是空对地视觉监视方法面临的一个难题。为有效解决这一问题,提出了结合运动特征的中心环绕模型进行空对地车辆检测的算法。现有的空对地车辆检测算法,大多是针对固定的摄像头的情况下,基于运动特征进行检测,例如光流法、背景差法等。这些方法在对高速公路等背景相对较为简单的环境下获得了良好的检测结果,但当面对城市复杂背景条件或摄像头自身运动的状况时,难以有效地检测出运动目标。而在对颜色、强度等静态特征进行显著度分析的基础上,加入了对运动特征的分析,可以解决在复杂环境下准确提取车辆目标有效特征的问题。试验表明,相较于基于图像相减的检测算法和单一显著度算法,该算法可以获得更高的检测率与更低的误报率。     

A Neuro-Cognitive Theory of Deductive Relational Reasoning with Mental Models and Visual Images

Abstract

Many neuro-imaging studies have provided evidence that the parietal cortex plays a key role in reasoning based on mental models, which are supposed to be of abstract spatial nature. However, these studies have also shown concurrent activation in vision-related cortical areas which have often been interpreted as evidence for the role of visual mental imagery in reasoning. The aim of the paper is to resolve the inconsistencies in the previous literature on reasoning and imagery and to develop a neurally and cognitively plausible theory of human relational reasoning. The main assumption is that visual brain areas are only involved if the problem information is easy to visualize and when this information must be processed and maintained in visual working memory. A regular reasoning process, however, does not involve visual images but more abstract spatial representations—spatial mental models—held in parietal cortices. Only these spatial representations are crucial for the genuine reasoning processes.     

Rhetorical shadows: The conceptual representation of incongruent shadows

ABSTRACT

This article addresses the topic of conceptual representation of shadows. We analyze several examples of contemporary imagery, taken from advertising and cartooning, to shed light on the way shadow depictions are used as rhetorical devices. Instead of being inserted as a natural phenomenon, rhetorical shadows invite the construction of meaning, and instead of being a mere natural companion of their casters, they reveal things about their casters. Three so-called “shadow incongruity types” are distinguished: (1) shadows revealing the “true nature” of their caster or the “hidden contents” of the caster’s mind; (2) shadows marking some transition their caster is involved in; and (3) shadows suggesting a certain quality attached to one of a shadow’s main ingredients (casting object, light source or surface). For each of these types of rhetorical shadows, we demonstrate that the way they convey meaning basically follows the principles of perceiving and understanding natural shadows.     

嫦娥五号探测器采样区快速视觉测量技术及应用

针对嫦娥五号探测器采样区视觉信息支持的需求和研制过程中的工程约束,提出了一种采样区快速视觉测量技术,研究内容包括时空受限条件下的相机标定、适应月面弱纹理的密集匹配以及AIT(总装、集成及测试)场景下的测量精度地面验证。最终在轨实现了1s内对采样区地形的快速三维重建,并对采样区景物完成了测量,证明了该视觉测量技术的有效性。