零件纵向厚度的计算方法

在用车床加工空心旋转体零件时，通过测量我们可以得出外轮廓曲线，但根据零件的设计技术要求，不同点处的法向厚度不同，因此在用车床加工时需要计算出各点的纵向厚度。本文给出了根据法向厚度及外曲线计算纵向厚度的方法．该方法简单、可靠，易于计算，而且由此方法计算的结果应用到实际加工时，效果非常好，该方法实用性强，易于推广使用。     

含有V型垂尾飞机的舵面配置

现代飞机为满足先进控制技术实现和满足一定的可靠性和机动性,要求安装较多的控制舵面,为了使飞机安装舵面之间产生的操纵效能达到最佳,需要对舵面的位置、附体安装角等因素进行配置。借用飞机重构控制方法,采用Moore Penrose逆法,对飞机的操纵效能提出了一套直接控制冗余算法,使操纵舵面之间达到最佳配置。结合国内某型号飞机含有V型垂尾在配平时的数据验证算法正确性。     

立式风洞设计关键技术探索与实验研究

试验段气流速度快速调节、试验段碟形流场分布、风洞振动与试验段气流脉动的抑制是立式风洞研制的关键技术.本文简介了对这些技术的探索与设计思路,并通过分析φ0.33m立式风洞中进行的一系列性能研究试验结果,得出了相关结论.     

飞机迎角在垂直阵风干扰中的卡尔曼滤波估计

在阵风条件下,为了抑制飞机的附加载荷并改善乘坐品质,需要得到飞机的迎角状态。以某大型运输机为例,通过卡尔曼滤波方法,将飞机法向过载和俯仰角速度综合进飞机的操纵输入来估计垂直阵风条件下的飞机迎角,并进行了仿真。结果表明,在垂直阵风干扰条件下,采用卡尔曼滤波方法能获得迎角状态的良好估计。     

电视指令制导空地导弹垂直命中目标的末制导系统研究

根据人在回路的电视指令制导空地导弹的一般作战攻击过程，将其末制导归结为满足落角约束的目标跟踪问题，接着设计了一种考虑导弹驾驶仪动态因素和重力的影响，能垂直命中目标的末制导律，然后研究了将它应用于电视指令制导空地导弹的弹载设备需求和可行性，最后将其与某型电视指令制导空地导弹使用的末制导律进行了对比，检验了它的优良性能。     

飞行管理系统下降路径构建及应用研究

在飞行管理系统下降设计中，通过下降路径的构建可为接近目的机场提供一个垂直轨迹，使飞机遵守终端区各种限制要求，从而精确控制下降路径，满足安全性要求。本文分析了下降路径的定义及其在典型机型中的构建方法，给出了下降路径的描述方法及实现途径，并对具体机型中的应用做了简要介绍。     

An Investigation into Vertical Bias Effects

ABSTRACT

In three experiments, after exploring a virtual environment (VE), adult participants made spatial judgments about the location of target objects that were higher and lower than their perceived test location within the VE. In Experiment 1, the locations of the target objects were inferred from verbal instructions. The main results were a tendency to judge objects as closer to the horizontal plane than their true locations, and more efficient downward than upward judgments. Both effects generally accord with findings reported by Wilson et al. (2004a Wilson, P. N., Foreman, N., Stanton, D. and Duffy, H. 2004a. Memory for targets in a multilevel simulated environment: Evidence for vertical asymmetry in spatial memory. Memory & Cognition, 32: 283–297. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar], 2004b Wilson, P. N., Foreman, N., Stanton, D. and Duffy, H. 2004b. Memory for targets in a multi-level simulated-environment: A comparison between able-bodied and physically disabled children. British Journal of Psychology, 95: 325–338.  [Google Scholar]). In Experiments 2 and 3, which were closely modeled on the design of the Wilson et al. studies, regression to the horizontal plane was noted but no downward bias was observed. A misperception in the viewing height between the floors and ceilings of the virtual rooms was apparent in both experiments. The results from the present study together with earlier investigations suggest different hierarchical encoding of between-axis and within-axis information.     

大型回流边界层风洞的气动与结构设计

大型边界层风洞是开展风工程研究的必备装备。以浙江大学ZD-1边界层风洞的研制为背景,详细介绍了大型回流边界层风洞气动设计和立式结构设计中的关键问题,在风洞气动设计时采用了收缩比为4∶1的单回路单试验段气动轮廓,在试验段中设置了0．22°的当量扩散角,对拐角导流片外形作了特殊处理,并采用钢结构与混凝土结构相结合的立式结构。流场校验结果表明,大型回流边界层风洞的气动与结构设计能满足设计要求,某些指标甚至达到航空风洞的标准,在试验段中设置扩散角有利于降低轴向静压梯度,立式结构设计对提高试验段气流的水平均匀性有一定的作用,可为今后类似风洞的研制提供参考。     

高垂直度和低沉积的MEMS陀螺梳齿结构释放工艺

梳齿型微机电系统（MEMS）陀螺的释放要求结构具有垂直度高、释放过程沉积聚合物少的特点,通过优化深硅刻蚀的工艺参数,包括钝化气体八氟环丁烷（C4F8）的流量、衬底温度、刻蚀气体六氟化硫（SF6）的流量和钝化气体C4F8的压力,实现了结构垂直度为90.0°、支撑层表面沉积物厚度为87.1nm的梳齿结构释放工艺。深硅刻蚀工艺的优化为高性能MEMS陀螺的加工提供了基础。     

A comparative study of ionospheric IRIEup and ISP assimilative models during some intense and severe geomagnetic storms

Three-dimensional (3-D) electron density matrices, computed in the Mediterranean area by the IRI climatological model and IRIEup and ISP nowcasting models, during some intense and severe geomagnetic-ionospheric storms, were ingested by the ray tracing software tool IONORT, to synthesize quasi-vertical ionograms. IRIEup model was run in different operational modes: (1) assimilating validated autoscaled electron density profiles only from a limited area which, in our case, is the Mediterranean sector (IRIEup_re(V) mode); (2) assimilating electron density profiles from a larger region including several stations spread across Europe: (a) without taking care of validating the autoscaled data in the assimilation process (IRIEup(NV)); (b) validating carefully the autoscaled electron density profiles before their assimilation (IRIEup(V)).The comparative analysis was carried out comparing IRI, IRIEup_re(V), ISP, IRIEup(NV), and IRIEup(V) foF2 synthesized values, with corresponding foF2 measurements autoscaled by ARTIST, and then validated, at the truth sites of Roquetes (40.80°N, 0.50°E, Spain), San Vito (40.60°N, 17.80°E, Italy), Athens (38.00°N, 23.50°E, Greece), and Nicosia, (35.03°N, 33.16°E, Cyprus). The outcomes demonstrate that: (1) IRIEup_re(V), performs better than ISP in the western Mediterranean (around Roquetes); (2) ISP performs slightly better than IRIEup_re(V) in the central part of Mediterranean (around Athens and San Vito); (3) ISP performance is better than the IRIEup_re(V) one in the eastern Mediterranean (around Nicosia); (4) IRIEup(NV) performance is worse than the IRIEup(V) one; (5) in the central Mediterranean area, IRIEup(V) performance is better than the IRIEup_re(V) one, and it is practically the same for the western and eastern sectors.Concerning the overall performance, nowcasting models proved to be considerably more reliable than the climatological IRI model to represent the ionosphere behaviour during geomagnetic-ionospheric storm conditions; ISP and IRIEup(V) provided the best performance, but neither of them has clearly prevailed over the other one.