圆环片扰流器对爆震燃烧特性的影响

在飞行状态下成功实行液态燃料的连续爆震在工程上有较大的难度。通过在爆震管内安装扰流器促进爆震波的形成,并针对不同扰流器结构参数对管内爆震燃烧压力和火焰传播速度的影响开展了实验研究,获得了爆震燃烧特性随扰流器长度、间距和起始位置的变化规律。结果表明:燃烧波峰值压力和火焰传播速度随扰流器片数、间距的增加和起始位置的变大而增大;当在管内产生爆震波后(爆震波峰值压力大于1.4M Pa,火焰传播速度>1 000 m/s),燃烧波压力和火焰传播速度随上述参数的改变变化不大。      

微流体动力学研究发展与现状

在分析微流体流动特性基础上,介绍了微流体动力学研究的发展与现状,包括临界雷诺数、固液界面速度滑移、微流体热传导特性等基本问题的研究结果。     

KrF激光对高速飞片的驱动特性研究

利用诱导空间非相干技术平滑的KrF准分子（248nm）激光驱动带有烧蚀层的平面靶，研究激光空间均匀性对产生完整飞片的影响，结果表明激光不均匀性在2％以下，能够产生完整的高速飞片，且完整飞片能够维持20ns以上不破裂；当激光不均匀性达到5％，激光引入流体力学不稳定性种子应很强，冲击波在靶内输运过程中不稳定性不断发展增强，到靶背时强到足以使飞片解体甚至气化，不能产生完整的飞片。为了获得尽可能高的飞片速度，采用激光与烧蚀层参数不匹配方法，使冲击波对飞片作多次加速。利用功率密度为1012 W/cm2的KrF激光与含50μm Kapton烧蚀层的5μm铝飞片作用，得到速度约10km/s的高速飞片，与模拟结果吻合得很好。     

A topside investigation over a mid-latitude digisonde station in Cyprus

We examine the systematic differences between topside electron density measurements recorded by different techniques over the low-middle latitude operating European station in Nicosia, Cyprus (geographical coordinates: 35.14^oN, 33.2^oE), (magnetic coordinates 31.86^oN, 111.83 ^oE). These techniques include space-based in-situ data by Langmuir probes on board.European Space Agency (ESA) Swarm satellites, radio occultation measurements on board low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites from the COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 mission and ground-based extrapolated topside electron density profiles from manually scaled ionograms. The measurements are also compared with International Reference Ionosphere Model (IRI-2016) topside estimations and IRI-corrected NeQuick topside formulation (method proposed by Pezzopane and Pignalberi (2019)). The comparison of Swarm and COSMIC observations with digisonde and IRI estimations verifies that in the majority of cases digisonde underestimates while IRI overestimates Swarm observations but in general, IRI provides a better topside representation than the digisonde. For COSMIC and digisonde profiles matched at the F layer peak the digisonde systematically underestimates topside COSMIC electron density values and the relative difference between COSMIC and digisonde increases with altitude (above hmF2), while IRI overestimates the topside COSMIC electron density but after a certain altitude (~150 km above hmF2) this overestimation starts to decrease with altitude. The IRI-corrected NeQuick underestimates the majority of topside COSMIC electron density profiles and relative difference is lower up to approximately 100 km (above the hmF2) and then it increases. The overall performance of IRI-corrected NeQuick improves with respect to IRI and digisonde.     

粒子拖尾长度对高频DPIV测量误差的影响

基于连续激光源的高采样频率DPIV系统在进行曝光时可能会产生粒子拖尾现象。明渠湍流试验和数值模拟试验结果显示，粒子拖尾长度的增加会导致平均流速减小和湍流强度增大。分析表明，导致平均流速误差的原因之一是诊断窗口边缘局部粒子图像的缺失，且图像缺失程度会随着粒子拖尾长度增加而增大，从而使平均速度随粒子拖尾长度增加而减小；粒子拖尾的另一个直接后果是增大了粒子图像的有效粒径，从而导致湍流强度增大。通过增大第二个诊断窗口的尺寸，进行相关函数标准化和相关系数补偿等方法，可以消除粒子拖尾长度引起的误差。     

速度矢量滚转的运动学及气动力分析

速度矢量滚转定义为飞机在保持定常迎角的情况下,围绕其瞬时速度矢量所产生的无侧滑、速度保持为常值的旋转运动。对于典型的战术飞机,最大俯仰力矩是飞机方位的函数,在水平轨迹中出现在倾斜90°的情况,此时飞机的滚转速率达到峰值,迎角超过45°。最大滚转力矩依赖于滚转模态时间常数。对于较小的滚转时间常数（快速响应）,最大滚转力矩出现在最大滚转加速度、零迎角,基本与飞机的方位无关;对于较大的滚转时间常数,最大滚转力矩出现在最大滚转速率、迎角最大、倾斜角180°的水平飞行中。最大的航向力矩出现在最大滚转加速度、迎角最大时,基本与飞机的方位无关。     

Investigations of an integrated angular velocity measurement and attitude control system for spacecraft using magnetically suspended double-gimbal CMGs

This paper presents an integrated angular velocity measurement and attitude control system of spacecraft using magnetically suspended double-gimbal control moment gyros (MSDGCMGs). The high speed rotor of MSDGCMG is alleviated by a five-degree-of-freedom permanent magnet biased AMB control system. With this special rotor supported manner, the MSDGCMG has the function of attitude rate sensing as well as attitude control. This characteristic provides a new approach to a compact light-weight spacecraft design, which can combine these two functions into a single device. This paper discusses the principles and implementations of AMB-based angular velocity measurement. Spacecraft dynamics with DGMSCMG actuators, including the dynamics of magnetically suspended high-speed rotor, the dynamics of inner gimbal and outer gimbal, as well as the determination method of spacecraft angular velocity are modeled, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed integrated system is also validated numerically and experimentally.     

“嫦娥二号”卫星CCD立体相机的关键技术

文章介绍了中国两次绕月探测中 CCD 立体相机所采用的技术与创新,并与国际同类相机所获取的图像进行了比较;在此基础上详细介绍了“嫦娥二号”(CE-2)卫星CCD立体相机的综合创新集成技术--“单镜头两视角同轨立体成像、时间延迟积分图像传感器（TDICCD）推扫、速高比补偿”,并从工程目标与科学目标出发进行探测灵敏度及成像动态范围的需求分析;根据需求分析确定了总体技术方案,包括光、机、电的优化设计以及对月探测中首次采用TDICCD的技术困难与对策;特别讨论了速高比补偿的方案及实施途径,并进行了在轨试验验证。文章最后分别给出了虹湾地区成像分辨率为1.3m以及全月面分辨率为7m 的代表性图像,图像清晰、层次丰富,显示出中国在对月立体成像技术上取得了显著进步。     

枪钻低频振动钻削深孔断屑条件和振幅损失研究

对枪钻振动钻削进行受力分析,讨论弹性变形条件下的断屑条件和振幅损失计算及实验验证。     

有效修正ADI-FDTD算法中数值色散的方法

针对变换方向隐式(ADI)时域有限差分(FDTD)算法提出了一种改进方法．通过添加各向异性参数来修正相速度误差，从而减少数值色散，提高计算精度。给出了改进后的ADI—FDTD计算公式，并对改进算法的稳定性、色散关系以及各向异性参数的选取进行了研究，数值结果证明了所给方法的有效性。