回流焊温度曲线热容研究

本文全面的分析了回流焊温度曲线在回流焊工艺中的作用，回流焊工艺的工艺特点、影响回流焊温度曲线的各种因素。如何从热容的思想建立回流焊温度曲线的方法？如何调整温度曲线通过控制温度曲线改善工艺过程，减少回流焊工艺的缺陷？     

Physiologic and metabolic responses of wheat seedlings to elevated and super-elevated carbon dioxide

The metabolic consequence of suboptimal (400 μmol mol⁻¹ or ppm), near-optimal (1500 ppm) and supra-optimal (10,000 ppm) atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations [CO₂] was investigated in an attempt to reveal plausible underlying mechanisms for the differential physiological and developmental responses to increasing [CO₂]. Both non-targeted and targeted metabolite profiling by GC–MS and LC–MS were employed to examine primary and secondary metabolites in wheat (Triticum aestivum, cv Yocoro rojo) continuously exposed to these [CO₂] levels for 14, 21 and 28 days. Metabolite profile was altered by both [CO₂] and physiological age. In general, plants grown under high [CO₂] exhibited a metabolite profile characteristic of older plants under ambient CO₂. Elevated [CO₂] resulted in higher levels of phosphorylated sugar intermediates, though no clear trend in the content of reducing sugars was observed. Transient starch content was enhanced by increasing [CO₂] to a much greater extent at 10,000 ppm CO₂ than at 1500 ppm CO₂. The percentage increase of starch content resulting from CO₂ enrichment declined as plants develope. In contrast, elevated [CO₂] promoted the accumulation of secondary metabolites (flavonoids) progressively to a greater extent as plants became mature. Elevated [CO₂] to 1500 ppm induced a higher initial growth rate, while super-elevated [CO₂] appeared to negate such initial growth promotion. However, after 4 weeks, there was no difference in vegetative growth between 1500 and 10,000 ppm CO₂-grown plants, both elevated CO₂ levels resulted in an overall 25% increase in biomass over the control plants. More interestingly, elevated atmospheric [CO₂] reduced evapotranspiration rate (ET), but further increase to the supra-optimal level resulted in increased ET (a reversed trend), i.e. ET at 1500 ppm < ET at 10,000 ppm < ET at 400 ppm. The differential effect of elevated and super-elevated CO₂ on plants was further reflected in the nitrogen dynamics. These results provide the potential metabolic basis for the differential productivity and stomatal function of plants grown under elevated and super-elevated CO₂ levels.     

Love Waves in Layered Graded Composite Structures with Imperfectly Bonded Interface

Theoretical analysis and numerical calculations of Love wave propagation in layered graded composites with imperfectly bonded interface are described in this paper. On the basis of WKB method, the approximate analytic solutions for Love waves are obtained. By the interface shear spring model, the dispersion relations for Love waves in layered graded composite structures with rigid, slip, and imperfectly bonded interfaces are given, and the effects of the interface conditions on the phase velocities of Love waves in SiC/Al lay- ered graded composites are discussed. Numerical analysis shows that the phase velocity decreases when the defined flexibility parameter is greater. For the general imperfectly bonded interface, the phase velocity changes in the range of the velocities for the rigid and slip interface conditions.     

某型干扰机干扰效果提升研究

通过研究某型干扰机对多普勒雷达速度跟踪系统的干扰方式，分析假多普勒频率产生的干扰工作机理，研究对抗科目训练中该模式干扰效果不佳的具体原因，提出了采用数字移向技术替代行波管移相，增大对雷达回波原载频的抑制度，增强干扰效果。通过对样机的测试验证，给出了两种移相电路的假多普勒干扰比较。     

空气流速和自热效应对湿度传感器测量准确度的影响

通过对多种典型型号湿度传感器在不同空气流速条件下对同一相对湿度测量结果的变化的实验研究,得出了0～1.5 m/s流速范围内湿度传感器的示值随流速的变化趋势,即示值随流速增大而增大,总变化量最大达2%RH以上,且变化主要发生0.5 m/s以下的低流速情况下,同时传感器表面温度随流速增大而降低,两者变化趋势相互吻合。进一步分析表明,上述现象是湿度传感器的自热效应和空气与传感器之间的对流换热效应共同作用的结果,它给湿度传感器的测量结果带来新增不确定度。     

离轴三反(TMA)相机在轨成像的偏流角计算与控制

推导了离轴三反(TMA)相机在轨成像的偏流角计算公式,并根据推导过程给出了偏流角的闭环和开环两种控制方式。分析了转序定义对控制的影响,获得了最佳转序。     

AZ91镁合金负压消失模铸造充型速度的研究

真空度、浇注温度及模样厚度对AZ91镁合金消失模铸造充型速度影响的全因子实验的结果表明 ,它们都对充型速度起积极的作用 ,真空度是决定充型速度的一个关键工艺参数。在不抽真空时 ,充型速度非常小且随充型过程的进行逐渐降低 ,浇注温度对充型速度的影响也很小 ;抽真空时 ,充型速度在充型过程中不断变化且呈现不出任何规律 ,其起伏的幅度随真空度、浇注温度和模样厚度的增大而增大 ;在真空度较低时 ,随着真空度和 或浇注温度的提高 ,平均充型速度迅速增大 ,真空度与浇注温度对充型速度的交互作用增强 ;在较高的真空度下 ,平均充型速度仍随浇注温度的提高而增大 ,但平均充型速度的增大速率却随真空度的进一步提高而降低 ,真空度与浇注温度对充型速度的交互作用很弱。模样厚度对平均充型速度影响在抽真空时有所提高。     

Progress in the Study of Galaxies: Structures,Collective Phenomena and Methods

The review contains the important achievements in dynamics of the galactic disks. Among them there are I. New structures discovered recently: • giant vortices (including giant anticyclone in the Solar vicinity); • slow bar; • inner oscillating structure within spiral arms similar that of enveloped soliton; • chaotic streamlines in the velocity field of the gaseous disk of a real galaxy. II. New collective phenomina discovered recently: • new overreflection instability initiating ‘mini-spiral’ in the innermost central parsec of Galaxy; • large-scale convection caused by nonlinear interaction of density wave with disk gas; • non-kolmogorovian spectrum of weak turbulence corresponding to the observed one in the • Solar vicinity. III. New methods worked out recently: • reconstruction of full three-dimensional vector field of gas velocity from the observed line-of- • sight velocity field; • observational test for verification of the wave-nature of the spiral arms; • observational test to distinguish two types of vertical motions: warp and z-motions in the • density wave; • derivation of correct system of two-dimensional dynamical equations from the initial three- • dimensional one. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

电极面型对横向激励高气压CO2激光器放电的影响

计算并讨论了均匀场电极中电极板安装结构、电极板厚度对实际电场分布影响。计算表明在基本参数类似的条件下,近罗可夫斯基电极表面电场强度具有17%的非均匀性,但在垂直放电方向的对称面上却有更好的均匀性。对放电区辉光的时间积分照片和像增强型CCD相机记录的瞬态照片进行了分析,结果表明:电极表面的电场强度分布,仅对放电的初始发展具有影响,而放电区中央的电场分布以及预电离强度,对最终放电区的均匀性具有决定性的影响。     

剪切波速评价饱和砂土抗液化性能研究

从三方面总结了用剪切波速评价饱和砂土抗液化性能的研究进展：基于现场震害调查的研究成果具有重要参考价值，但不便于开展系统研究；室内土样剪切波速的测试手段出现了弯曲单元和扭剪法两种新技术，与弯曲单元相比较，扭剪法更加可靠；剪切波速与抗液化强度相关性已通过大量的研究得到证实。指出要实现用剪切波速评价原位土层的抗液化性能需要解决：抗液化强度对于剪切波速的敏感性，如何进行地震等效，如何将原位与室内剪切波速建立联系以及如何选取区分不同土类的指标等4个问题。