数字示波器测量幅度的误差分析

分析了用数字示波器测量脉冲幅度带来的测量误差,给出了计算相对误差的公式,对测量中产生的超差现象和异常现象的原因进行了分析.     

推力矢量对飞机操纵面失效的补偿与重构

讨论了推力矢量控制对飞机俯仰、偏航通道气动力的补偿效果和飞行中操纵面失效故障下利用推力矢量进行控制律重构的概念.给出了系统的控制余度定义和伪逆重构条件.针对飞机方向舵失效故障,利用推力矢量进行了重构设计和仿真研究,结果是令人满意的.     

Al—Li—Cu—Mg—Zr合金的断裂形态和断裂韧性

采用单边缺口三点弯曲试样测定了Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr合金的断裂韧性。还测量了拉伸性能和硬度。着重分析了裂纹形态和断口形貌。讨论了裂纹偏斜和分叉对裂纹尖端的屏蔽作用,分别计算了本征的和非本征的断裂韧性值。     

Mission feasibility analysis on deflecting Earth-crossing objects using a power limited laser ablating spacecraft

This paper analyzes several mission capabilities to deflect Earth-crossing objects (ECOs) using a conceptual future spacecraft with a power limited laser ablating tool. A constrained optimization problem is formulated based on nonlinear programming with a three-dimensional patched conic method. System dynamics are also established, considering the target ECO’s orbit as being continuously perturbed by limited laser power. The required optimal operating duration and operating angle history of the laser ablating tool are computed for various types of ECOs to avoid an Earth impact. The available final warning time is also determined with a given limited laser power. As a result, detailed laser operating behaviors are presented and discussed, which include characteristics of operating duration and angle variation histories in relation to the operation’s start time and target object’s properties. The calculated durations of the optimal laser operation are also compared to those estimated with first-order approximations previous studies. It is discovered that the duration of the laser operation estimated with first-order approximations could result in up to about 50% error if the operation is started at the final warning time. The laser operation should be started as early as possible because an early start requires a short operating duration with a small operating angle variation. The mission feasibility demonstrated in the present study will give various insights into preparing future deflection missions using power limited spacecraft with a laser ablation tool.     

S/VTOL战斗机用推力矢量喷管技术的发展及关键技术分析

S/VTOL(short/vertical take-off and landing)战斗机用推力矢量喷管是飞机实现短距起飞垂直降落,摆脱对跑道的依赖,减小航母的设计难度,及显著提高飞机机动性能的关键技术,已成为第4代战斗机和战斗机用航空发动机的设计标志。结合不同时期推力矢量喷管的特征和不同战斗机对推力矢量的技术要求,对短距起飞垂直降落战斗机用矢量喷管的结构特点、工作原理及发展状况进行了归纳及总结。详细提出了S/VTOL战斗机用推力矢量喷管的关键技术,并对开展S/VTOL战斗机用矢量喷管技术研究提出建议。     

Design of a formation of solar pumped lasers for asteroid deflection

This paper presents the design of a multi-spacecraft system for the deflection of asteroids. Each spacecraft is equipped with a fibre laser and a solar concentrator. The laser induces the sublimation of a portion of the surface of the asteroid, and the resultant jet of gas and debris thrusts the asteroid off its natural course. The main idea is to have a formation of spacecraft flying in the proximity of the asteroid with all the spacecraft beaming to the same location to achieve the required deflection thrust. The paper presents the design of the formation orbits and the multi-objective optimisation of the formation in order to minimise the total mass in space and maximise the deflection of the asteroid. The paper demonstrates how significant deflections can be obtained with relatively small sized, easy-to-control spacecraft.     

轴对称矢量喷管偏转效率的快速分析方法

提出了一种骨架与A8滚子间柔性线线高副约束的简化算法,在该算法和模态综合法相结合的基础上构建了轴对称矢量喷管（AVEN）的刚柔耦合动力学模型,并遵循力的叠加原理和能量等效原则实现了热态气动载荷的等效简化和实时加载。基于该算法的仿真结果与实验误差约为4%,具有较高可信性;而与采用接触的模型对比仿真表明,二者精度相当,而前者更加稳定高效,能将单工况的计算时间从三天缩短到半小时;针对轴对称矢量喷管的某中间和加力典型工作状态,采用该算法模型对比分析了关键件柔性对轴对称矢量喷管偏转效率的贡献,最终发现：A9环是偏转效率的主要影响因素,占比超过94%。仿真结果表明,该算法模型本身就是一种效率与精度兼顾的稳定仿真方法,而A9环对偏转效率的影响占比表明,使用仅考虑A9环柔性的刚柔耦合模型将是轴对称矢量喷管偏转效率仿真的一种更加高效的快速估算方法。     

双翼末敏弹尾翼弹性对气动特性影响分析

受安装条件限制,无伞末敏弹尾翼通常很薄,在末敏弹下落过程中,厚度不超过1mm的末敏弹尾翼将在气动力作用下发生一定程度的变形,变形后的尾翼又将对末敏弹气动特性产生影响。文章采用双向流固耦合方法对S-S型双翼末敏弹弹性尾翼进行研究,分析末敏弹气动参数随攻角和速度的变化趋势;采用计算流体力学方法对末敏弹刚性尾翼进行研究。将弹性尾翼与刚性尾翼的末敏弹气动参数进行对比。结果显示,刚性翼、弹性翼末敏弹的阻力系数均随攻角的增大呈准线性递减趋势;刚性翼、弹性翼末敏弹的升力系数均随攻角的增大呈递增趋势。自由飞行试验结果显示,末敏弹的气动参数与弹性翼末敏弹的仿真结果更为贴切。     

毫米波波束编码技术在无人机智能集群中的应用

毫米波波束编码技术由于其速率高、抗干扰能力强的优点被认为是无人机智能集群通信网络的重要解决方案。但在无人机智能集群的通信场景中,多种原因造成的机体不稳定抖动会使通信波束产生小角度偏转,引起通信质量的下降,从而影响无人机集群的控制与决策。针对这一问题,提出一种面向无人机集群通信的自适应波束设计方法。首先,根据传感器回传的机体波束抖动情况建立等效信道模型,随后利用量化的信道模型参数建立目标函数并获得理想的波束编码向量,在此基础上利用几何贪婪算法对其进行分解。仿真结果表明,提出的集群波束编码方法能够有效提高均值通信速率,同时相较于其他的系数分解算法,有效降低了计算复杂度。     

基于非线性几何场论求解热弹性板大挠度弯曲的BEM法

基于理性力学非线性几何场理论,建立了热弹性薄板等效速率形式的Ｋａｒｍａｎ方程,通过将热弹性薄板大挠度弯曲问题看成平板弯曲问题与平面大变形问题的耦合,在固定坐标系及拖带坐标系上推导出两组边界积分方程,从而建立起新的分析热弹性薄板大挠度弯曲的边界元法。算例表明本文方法理论可靠、精度高。