变直径旋翼直升机飞行性能研究

为了研究旋翼直径变化对直升机性能的提升作用,将旋翼动力学综合模型与机身模型相耦合,采用前飞配平方法计算稳态时旋翼操纵量和机身姿态角,从而计算直升机需用功率。通过研究直升机功率与旋翼半径、前飞速度、直升机起飞重量以及飞行高度之间的关系来确定直升机需用功率的降低幅度,同时也分析了旋翼桨距和机体倾斜角随旋翼半径和前飞速度的变化趋势。在中高速飞行时,特别是高速飞行时,旋翼半径的变化可以显著地提升直升机的性能。当飞行速度为200km/h、旋翼半径减小20%,需用功率可降低37.6%。随着飞行高度的不断增加,在低速到中速飞行时直升机功率减小幅度会减小,在高速时功率减小幅度会增大。旋翼总距和纵横向周期变距随旋翼半径减少而增加,机体纵横向倾斜角随半径减小而减小。     

Integration of high-fidelity model of forward variable area bypass injector into zero-dimensional variable cycle engine model

Forward Variable Area Bypass Injector (FVABI) is one of key components which contributes to modulate the cycle parameters of Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) under various operation conditions. The modeling method of zero-dimensional FVABI was reviewed and its deficiency was analyzed based on FVABI flow characteristic. In order to improve the accuracy of VCE performance simulation, the high-fidelity modeling method of FVABI was developed based on its working characteristics. Then it was coupled with the zero-dimensional VCE model and the multi-level VCE model was built. The results indicate that the geometric and aerodynamic parameters can affect the interaction between the two airflows and the zero-dimensional FVABI model is too simple to predict the component performance accurately, especially when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked. Based on the performance curves for single bypass mode and the regression model of multi-scale support vector regression for double bypass mode, the high-fidelity model can predict FVABI performance accurately and rapidly. The integration of high-fidelity FVABI model into zero-dimensional VCE model can be done by adjusting iterative variables and balance equations. The multi-level model has good convergence and it can predict VCE performance when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked.     

Experiment of drag characteristics of a novel variable geometry flame-holder

A novel variable geometry flame-holder (VGF) based on V-gutter was presented. The structural characteristics of the flame holder were introduced. Experimental study on drag characteristics of the VGF on un-burning and burning states was conducted in a rectangular combustion test rig. The influence of the change of gutter trailing edge width w on pressure recovery in different operating conditions was analyzed emphatically. Furthermore,drag characteristics in different trailing edge width variation modes were discussed. Results show that: (1) Narrowing w can observably raise the total pressure recovery σ but the highest σ is not obtained at minimum w. (2) The relationship of drag coefficient ψ and w in the un-burning conditions can be well expressed in a form of exponential equation (w/d>0.4). (3) Drag characteristics are not sensitive to the variation modes and speeds of w . (4) In the burning condition,σ decreases with the increasing of w basically and the course can be divided into three stages. The results and experimental data presented in this paper would enhance the phenomenological understanding of this type of VGF,and would contribute to the next experimental study and numerical calculus of this novel VGF.      

带有燃气舵的导弹舵面颤振分析方法

传统的颤振分析方法以及商业软件不能分析带有燃气舵的导弹舵面颤振.为此,提出了一个解决带有燃气舵的导弹舵面颤振分析方法.采用动态子结构方法建立带有燃气舵的导弹舵面颤振状态空间运动方程和分析方法,结构质量矩阵和刚度矩阵分成对应于广义坐标的块矩阵;可以考虑不同来流气动效应和翼-体组合对气流的影响,用非定常气动力有理函数拟合法建立时域非定常气动力求解模型.算例数值结果表明:燃气舵舵轴与空气舵舵轴刚度之间的不利耦合会让空气舵颤振速度降低.上述分析方法和计算结果为导弹设计提供参考.     

月球（火星）中子（水冰）探测仪初步方案研究

中子（水冰）探测仪在月球、火星和太阳系其它天体的水冰存在和含量分布的探测中有重要应用。文章主要介绍了美国、俄罗斯等国在月球、火星水冰探测中的中子探测仪的使用情况和探测结果,以及搭载于奥德赛（Odyssey）火星探测器上的中子谱仪、高能中子探测仪和＂月球勘测轨道器＂（LRO）上的月球勘测中子探测仪、计划搭载于美国＂火星科学实验室＂（MSL）上的中子反射动能测量仪的主要原理。最后提出了我国的一种中子探测仪的初步方案设想。     

无人机气动力地面车载测试系统

介绍了中国航天空气动力技术研究院开发的一种用于测量全尺寸无人机气动力的地面车载测试系统（GTV）。车载测试系统采用一辆中型卡车进行相关改造,将试验无人机机身安装在其顶部,通过汽车牵引能够达到40km/h的速度。一套专用的测试天平系统和数据采集系统用于记录试验中无人机产生的升力、阻力以及俯仰力矩等数据。主要介绍测试天平系统的设计,数据采集测试系统,测试方法和试验结果。多元静态原位校准加载结果表明天平测试系统输出信号线性度以及重复性较好。动态校准试验采用一副定常展弦比6的机翼进行,试验结果与已知的风洞试验数据进行了比对。车载测试系统试验结果的升力和俯仰力矩数据不同车次之间重复性较好,并且与风洞试验数据基本一致。但阻力数据的离散度要比风洞试验时大得多,并且试验结果比风洞试验时偏小一些,试验证明地面车载测试系统的阻力测量难度较大。     

初级教练机综合航电系统发展趋势

分析和总结了综合航空电子系统的发展历史和现状,以及我国航电技术水平发展状态,阐述了当前初级教练机航电系统存在的问题。对国外军用初I中级教练机、国外民用轻型飞机和国产初级教练机现状进行了分析,论述了初级教练机综合航空电子系统的发展趋势。     

Particle flters for probability hypothesis density flter with the presence of unknown measurement noise covariance

In Bayesian multi-target fltering,knowledge of measurement noise variance is very important.Signifcant mismatches in noise parameters will result in biased estimates.In this paper,a new particle flter for a probability hypothesis density（PHD）flter handling unknown measurement noise variances is proposed.The approach is based on marginalizing the unknown parameters out of the posterior distribution by using variational Bayesian（VB）methods.Moreover,the sequential Monte Carlo method is used to approximate the posterior intensity considering non-linear and non-Gaussian conditions.Unlike other particle flters for this challenging class of PHD flters,the proposed method can adaptively learn the unknown and time-varying noise variances while fltering.Simulation results show that the proposed method improves estimation accuracy in terms of both the number of targets and their states.     

变刚度柔顺驱动器及其在能量辅助骨骼服中的应用

能量辅助骨骼服是一种典型的人机交互系统,用于辅助人体进行能量放大,已经成为近十年来国内外研究的热点,但目前在骨骼服的安全性、能量效率和辅助效率等方面研究普遍不足。文章综合归纳了柔顺驱动器和变刚度柔顺驱动器的一些基本概念,分析了几种变刚度柔顺驱动器的特点及应用,并得到结论：变刚度柔顺驱动器具有最大限度的吸收冲击力、安全地与用户交互、内置被动弹性元fl=9,而具有储存和释放能量的能力等特点。因此,在骨骼服系统中,应用变刚度柔顺驱动器已成为骨骼服发展的必然趋势。最后,指出了变刚度柔顺驱动器在骨骼服应用中的研究方向。     

脉冲超宽带通信与测距技术初步研究

相对于连续波窄带技术,脉冲超宽带技术在短距离通信及高精度测距方面具有一定优势.为了向未来航天应用提供新的技术支持,对脉冲超宽带通信及测距技术进行了初步研究.描述了系统的收发单元及天线单元,同时给出了各单元的测试结果.脉冲超宽带通信、测距实验表明,系统成功实现了短距离高速通信和高精度测距.在10 m范围内通信码速率为100 Mbit/s,定位精度为厘米量级.