Physical implications of discrepancy between summer and winter PC indices observed in the course of magnetospheric substorms

The PC index based on a statistically justified relationship between the polar cap magnetic activity and the interplanetary electric field E_KL has been derived as a value standardized for the E_KL intensity regardless of season, UT and hemisphere. As a result, the summer and winter PC indices are consistent with one another under ordinary conditions. Discrepancies between the summer and winter PC indices arising in the course of magnetospheric substorms are analyzed in this paper. It is argued that the channel of enhanced conductivity, formed in the auroral oval owing to intense auroral particle precipitation, strongly improves the conditions for closure of the Region 1 field-aligned currents in the winter dark polar region but only trivially affects the conditions of the Region 1 FAC closure in the summer sunlit ionosphere. Since the coefficients describing the relationship between E_KL and the polar cap magnetic activity were derived for statistically justified (i.e., mean) conditions, their application to such abnormal situation, as intense field-aligned currents in the winter dark polar region, leads to overestimation of the winter PC index. The summer and winter PC indices level off as soon as the intense auroral particle precipitation terminates and the auroral ionosphere in the winter and summer polar caps returns to the ordinary (statistically justified) state.     

Using vegetation indices and texture measures to estimate vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) of planted and natural forests in Nanjing city,China

Vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) is an important vegetation parameter affecting exchanges of carbon, water, energy between the atmosphere and surface. In this study, the applicability of tonal and texture measures calculated using an IKONOS_2 image in retrieving VFC of forests was investigated in the urban area of Nanjing city, China. Four spectral vegetation indices (VI) and six texture measures (TEX) were related to VFCs acquired from in situ measurements. Models for estimating VFC based on VIs or/and TEXs were established and validated for planted low broad-leaf forest plots (PLB), planted mature forest plots (PMF), natural broad-leaf forest plots (NBF), and all forest plots (ALLv), respectively. The results show that high spatial resolution remote sensing data is applicable to estimate VFC in urban areas, and TEXs may act as effective supplements of vegetation indices (VIs) for the retrieval of VFC. VIs are suitable for VFC estimation of mature forests (such as NBF and PMF) with high vegetation density, and TEXs can yield a more accurate estimate for planted forests (such as PLB and PMF) with regular spatial distribution if they are calculated with proper parameters, such as window size. The combination of VIs and TEXs improve the estimation of VFC if forest types are not previously differentiated. The results can be used as a reference for determining effective spectral or texture parameters in VFC estimation under similar environmental conditions according to vegetation maturity and regularity.     

径向磁力轴承系统的时间响应特性分析

本文介绍了径向磁力轴承控制系统的二次型性能指标加仅矩阵的选择，径向磁力轴承的跟踪特性和抗干扰特性分析，并给出了仿真曲线。     

基于引文索引的航空发动机咨询通告分析方法

引入了引文索引方法对整部航空规章中所有咨询通告进行整体上的分析,提出了一种基于引文索引的航空发动机咨询通告分析方法.首先,确定某部航空规章的咨询通告为研究对象,根据咨询通告间的相互引用关系画出引文网络图;然后,在引文网络图的基础上结合评价指标的定性分析和定量分析对咨询通告进行全面的研究分析;最后,应用此方法对美国某部航空规章的咨询通告进行实例分析,同时也说明了基于引文索引的航空发动机咨询通告分析方法的可行性.     

基于混沌遗传算法优化神经网络方法的救护直升机效能评估与指标优化研究

采用遗传算法与神经网络相结合的方法研究救护直升机的效能评估,建立了评估指标与效能评估值的非线性关系,克服了传统线性评估方法的不足,结果表明GA-BP算法能够很好地评估救护直升机效能,并保持了很高的精确度;同时,采用BP-GA算法对救护直升机的指标进行了优化,结果同样表明该方法可以有效地优化救护直升机的指标.     

情报研究成果的AHP-F评价

本文采用层次分析法与模糊数学综合译判法相结合的方法——AHP-F法,提出了综合情报评判研究成果指标体系和方法,旨在实现对情报研究成果的科学有效的管理。     

多元过程能力指数计算方法的比较研究

对有关多元过程能力指数的研究文献进行了简要梳理与分析,重点研究了4种多元过程能力指数的理论模型与计算方法,分析了4种方法各自的特点与不足,并利用一个经典实例对4种方法的测算结果进行了对比分析.     

Multidecadal Signal of Solar Variability in the Upper Troposphere During the 20th Century

Studies based on data from the past 25–45 years show that irradiance changes related to the 11-yr solar cycle affect the circulation of the upper troposphere in the subtropics and midlatitudes. The signal has been interpreted as a northward displacement of the subtropical jet and the Ferrel cell with increasing solar irradiance. In model studies on the 11-yr solar signal this could be related to a weakening and at the same time broadening of the Hadley circulation initiated by stratospheric ozone anomalies. Other studies, focusing on the direct thermal effect at the Earth’s surface on multidecadal scales, suggest a strengthening of the Hadley circulation induced by an increased equator-to-pole temperature gradient. In this paper we analyse the solar signal in the upper troposphere since 1922, using statistical reconstructions based on historical upper-air data. This allows us to address the multidecadal variability of solar irradiance, which was supposedly large in the first part of the 20th century. Using a simple regression model we find a consistent signal on the 11-yr time scale which fits well with studies based on later data. We also find a significant multidecadal signal that is similar to the 11-yr signal, but somewhat stronger. We interpret this signal as a poleward shift of the subtropical jet and the Ferrel cell. Comparing the magnitude of the two signals could provide important information on the feedback mechanisms involved in the solar climate relationship with respect to the Hadley and Ferrel circulations. However, in view of the uncertainty in the solar irradiance reconstructions, such interpretations are not currently possible.     

九自由度运动模拟器相对位置精度分析与指标分解

摘要： 九自由度运动模拟器是标定航天器交会对接GNC子系统中交会对接光学成像敏感器（CRDS）的关键设备,具有较高的相对位置精度要求.以此为出发点,对影响系统综合指标的误差组成进行系统性分析.梳理各误差分量的关系及相互作用原理,建立误差模型,通过对系统综合指标进行合理的分解与分配,最终使九自由度运动模拟器系统精度达到设计要求.     

上证50指数与其衍生品的波动特征及溢出效应

全球金融市场波动加剧,市场投资者规避风险需求增加,对具有风险规避功能的金融衍生品与其标的资产之间波动率相互影响的研究显得尤为重要.文章对上证50指数、上证50股指期货与50ETF三者之间的波动率溢出效应进行了实证研究,发现:上证50指数和上证50股指期货均对自身存在负向溢出,且三者收益率之间也存在均值外溢;上证50指数...