脉冲等离子体推力器放电电离二维PIC建模与仿真

摘要： 针对脉冲等离子体推力器（PPT）的放电过程,利用粒子网格 蒙特卡洛（PIC MCC）方法建立仿真计算模型.以LES 6 PPT为例,加入电离碰撞进行电离仿真.通过粒子运动碰撞与电磁场耦合仿真计算得到电流与电路总电阻的变化规律,揭示了PPT放电过程中等离子体密度分布情况.通过对比不加入粒子预分布与加入粒子预分布的两种条件下的计算结果,得到了加入粒子预分布使带电粒子密度计算结果更接近实验结果的结论.根据PPT的工作过程,在放电之前推力器内存在等离子体,所以在仿真研究中应进行粒子的预分布.文中的研究方法对PPT的粒子方法模拟具有一定的参考意义.     

小球式旋转直驱压力伺服阀动态特性分析优化

针对在研的小球式旋转直驱压力伺服阀（Ball-type Rotary Direct Drive Pressure Servo Valve,BRDDPSV）阶跃响应超调量大、调整时间长等不稳定现象,建立了数学模型,分析了结构参数和电控方法对整阀动态特性的影响。理论分析表明：结构参数方面,减小阀芯直径、减小滑阀负遮盖量或将小球-柱形孔运动副改为小过盈配合均可提高整阀响应的稳定性;控制方法方面,在原有PI控制的基础上,采用积分分离可有效抑制控制压力动态响应的超调量,增加动压反馈校正可有效缩短控制压力动态响应的调整时间。优化选取结构参数和电控方法后,进行样机试验,整阀控制压力阶跃响应的超调量小于0.5 MPa（系统压力21 MPa）,调整时间约30 ms,能够满足飞机刹车压力伺服阀的使用需求。     

高空通风活门内流场特性数值模拟和试验验证

为准确掌握大通风量条件下高空通风活门工作特性,以高空通风活门为研究对象开展流场特性数值仿真分析技术研 究,对不同膜盒间隙的高空通风活门内部流场进行对比分析,获得了不同入口质量流量条件下高空通风活门的压降特性曲线。结 合滑油系统附件试验器改造,利用小量程与大量程体积流量计组合形式实现纯空气体积流量的测量,开展了高空通风活门压降试 验,并将试验结果与数值仿真分析结果进行对比验证。结果表明：仿真分析结果与试验结果吻合较好,流场特性仿真分析方法可 用于高空通风活门压降特性预测,现有高空通风活门在不同膜盒间隙下内流场特性相似,其压降主要集中于膜盒间隙处,改善膜 盒间隙处结构,可有效降低压降。     

真空差压铸造微电脑控制系统的硬件设计

介绍了微电脑真空差压铸造控制系统的组成及工作原理,设计了压力检测电路、调节阀控制电路和串行通信接口电路,同时说明了系统的调试,并给出了实验结论。结果表明,该系统的硬件电路设计合理,运行情况良好,并达到了设计指标。     

高速开关阀在起落架半主动控制中的应用研究(英文)

To select or develop an appropriate actuator is one of the key and difficult issues in the study of semi-active controlled landing gear. Performance of the actuator may directly affect the effectiveness of semi-active control. In this article, parallel high-speed solenoid valves are chosen to be the actuators for the semi-active controlled landing gear and being studied. A nonlinear high-speed solenoid valve model is developed with the consideration of magnetic saturation characteristics and verified by test. According to the design rule of keeping the peak load as small as possible while absorbing the specified shock energy, a fuzzy PD control rule is designed. By the rule controller parameters can be self-regulated. The simulation results indicate that the semi-active control based on high-speed solenoid valve can effectively improve the control performance and reduce impact load during landing.     

Refined modeling and experimental verification of a torque motor for an electro-hydraulic servo valve

The Permanent Magnet Torque Motor (PMTM) is the key electro-mechanical conversion device in an Electro-Hydraulic Servo Valve (EHSV). In this work, a refined model of a PMTM is developed, considering the non-working air-gaps between the upper or lower yoke and the armature, the fringing effect at the limiting holes, and the nonlinear permeability of soft magnetic material. Based on the refined model, the influences of various factors on the calculation accuracy of the magnetic flux at the pole surfaces of the armature and the output torque are investigated. For verifying the validity of the refined model, a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the PMTM is conducted, and a test platform is constructed. Compared with existing models, the refined model can better reveal the intrinsic mechanism of the PMTM, and its calculations are more consistent with the FEA results. The experimental results of the armature deflection displacement show that the refined model can accurately describe the output characteristics of the PMTM.     

基于空基平台的激光通信技术研究和展望

深低温阀门多为常温设计，低温服役。宽温域引起的结构变形将诱发阀门导向卡滞、密封泄漏等安全问题。采用有限元分析方法获取阀门导向副配合部位变形量，提出迭代镜像补偿方法解决深低温服役的阀门导向副变形超差问题。经分析，在深低温工况下阀门配合间隙均超出设计允许值，导向行程最大时配合间隙减小17.95%至16.41 μm；补偿后导向副配合间隙变形量控制在1 μm内，满足深低温工况下阀门形状设计要求，验证了迭代镜像补偿方法的有效性。     

CFRP层合板雷击烧蚀损伤模拟的电流加载方式分析

通过改进加载方式减小数值模拟与试验结果误差对于提高仿真准确性具有一定意义。本文探究复合材料层合板在不同形式雷击电流下的烧蚀损伤特性，改进Braginskii 电弧半径扩展公式，建立适用于雷击过程的电弧扩展半径数值模型；基于ABAQUS 建立CFRP 层合板有限元模型，分析不同电流加载方式下的烧蚀损伤情况。结果表明：建立的有限元模型能够模拟CFRP 层合板雷击烧蚀损伤；扩展移动加载造成的损伤面积、损伤深度和损伤体积与试验结果对比误差均约为7%，较其他加载方式仿真结果与试验结果对比具有良好的一致性，模拟复合材料雷击烧蚀损伤时应同时考虑电流扩展和移动的影响。     

Pneumatic pressure control based on improved NMPC and its application to aeroengine surge simulation

In the semi-physical simulation of aeroengines, using the pneumatic pressure servo control technology to provide realistic pneumatic excitation to the sensors and electronic controller can improve the confidence of the simulation and reduce the test cost and risk. However, the existing methods could not satisfy the precise simulation of large-amplitude and high-frequency pulsating pressure during aeroengine surge. In this paper, a pneumatic pressure control system with asymmetric groups of the High-Speed on–off Valve (HSV) is designed, and an Improved Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (INMPC) method is proposed. First, the volumetric flow characteristics of HSV are tested and analyzed with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal input. Then, a simplified HSV model with the volume flow characteristic correction is developed. Based on these, an integrated model for the whole system is further established and used as the prediction model in INMPC. To improve the computational speed of the rolling optimization process, the mapping scheme from control signal to PWM duty cycle of HSVs and the objective function with exterior penalty function are designed. Finally, the random step, sinusoidal and real engine surge data are set as the reference pressure in multiple comparative experiments to verify the effectiveness of the pressure tracking system.     

加工装配误差影响下偏转射流压力伺服阀静态特性分析

电液压力伺服阀是电液压力伺服控制系统的核心控制元件，广泛应用于航空、航天、军事等领域。区别于流量伺服阀，压力伺服阀在滑阀放大器的设计上多采用带有压力控制容腔的三通阀结构，不同的滑阀结构使得现有的偏转射流流量伺服阀仿真模型难以满足压力伺服阀性能预测的需求。本文基于AMESim平台建立了偏转射流压力伺服阀的仿真模型，并通过实验对仿真模型进行了验证，验证结果表明仿真模型能够准确地描述压力伺服阀的静态特性。最后，通过仿真模型分析了加工装配误差影响下压力伺服阀输出性能差异，仿真结果可为偏转射流压力伺服阀的性能预测和结构设计提供参考。