Pumping speed of cryopump for xenon

The xenon pumping speed testing system of the large-diameter external cryopump was designed to meet the plume test requirements for prototype electric propulsion. The flowmeter method was utilized to measure the xenon pumping speed. The test results show that the averaged effective pumping speed of double-cryopumps is 52200L/s, and that of single-cryopump is 27100L/s. The pumping speed ratio of two configurations is 1.93. It can be concluded that the pumping speed has in linear relationship with the number of cryopump, and the coefficient is irrelevant with the gas type. The averaged effective pumping speed of xenon is less than its nominal pumping speed, and the averaged pumping efficiency is 0.83. Under the identical inflow conditions, the averaged effective pumping speed ratio of nitrogen is 0.53, slightly less than the theoretical pumping speed ratio of 0.55. Consequently, it can be concluded that results assessment of large-diameter external cryopump design index can guide the engineering application, showing certain reference significance.      

真空出气对星用聚酰亚胺材料电导率的影响

卫星介质材料在真空环境下的出气有可能对材料本身的介电性能产生显著影响,增加长期服役卫星寿命末期的充放电风险。文章以卫星上常用的聚酰亚胺材料为对象,通过地面90Sr-90Y辐照源加速辐照试验研究了在材料真空出气后其表面充电平衡负电位的变化,并据此计算出材料电导率的变化规律。结果显示,在5 pA/cm2电子辐照强度下,聚酰亚胺样品的电导率随着出气量的增加而明显下降,在总质量损失达到0.5%时,电导率减小一半左右。初步分析了出气导致电导率下降的物理机制。研究结果对卫星寿命末期充放电防护设计有指导意义。     

太阳电池阵EM板热真空试验电路故障测试技术

太阳电池阵EM板热真空试验是考核太阳电池板适应热真空环境能力的关键试验。试验中需要对电池阵的电路进行多循环长期检测。文章中采用对EM板输出负载电压进行实时高频（≥10Hz）采集,同时对每个循环、每天的测试数据进行对比的测试方法检测电池电路的短路和开路故障。某航天器太阳电池阵EM板热真空试验采用此测试方法及时发现了电池电路异常,并在对问题工艺进行改进后重新投产;新产品通过了第二次热真空试验的考核,且在轨工作正常,证明了该测试方法的有效性。     

壁面吊挂清洗机器人碰壁缓冲问题研究

从机器人自动上壁及缓冲的需求出发,分析了机器人拉力形成的机理、碰壁的原因和过程.利用空气动力学原理,给出了拉力的计算方法,采用机器人物理样机进行实验,对计算结果进行了验证.在拉力的作用下机器人与壁面贴合,同时伴随碰撞,其间冲击能量的吸收由机器人裙边和支撑机构所构成的缓冲装置承担.前者还要保证机器人贴壁后的密封,因此刚度不宜过大,后者还要保证机器人在壁面上稳定行走,因此它的刚度又不宜过小.给出了缓冲装置刚度的确定方法及其在裙边和支撑机构上的分配准则,可用于工程分析.     

高温磁悬浮轴承励磁绕组制造技术

针对国内外高温励磁绕组存在的缺陷与不足,提出了一种新型的迷宫形励磁绕组结构,首先通过电火花线切割制造出单层迷宫形线圈,并在线圈匝间和层间充分均匀地填充耐高温绝缘材料;然后通过真空钎焊工艺实现多层迷宫形线圈的牢固焊接,最后将焊接成型的多层线圈封装成迷宫形绕组,并应用于单自由度高温磁悬浮轴承试验台中,实现了550℃被悬浮物体近20h的稳定悬浮.研究结果表明:线圈焊缝的高温电阻值小,抗剪切强度满足要求,焊缝的金相组织致密均匀;绕组匝间和层间绝缘性能良好;迷宫形励磁绕组在原理和工艺上是可行的.对高温悬浮试验后的迷宫形绕组内部形貌进行观察后发现封装线圈的高温绝缘材料存在一定的缺陷,有待进一步研究.      

Large-scale Vacuum Vessel Design and Finite Element Analysis

The vacuum plume effects experimental system (PES) is the first experimental system designed to study the effects of vacuum plume in China. The main equipment, a vacuum chamber of 5.5 m in diameter and 12.8 m in length, and structure design of hinged door are described. The finite element method (FEM) is adopted to analyze the static strength and stability of the PES vacuum chamber. It is demonstrated that the static strength and stability are qualified. For the 5.5 m diameter vacuum chamber door, three design schemes are put forward. After comparisons are made, the single-axis-double-pin hinged door is selected. The FEM is applied to checking its static strength as well as distortions. The results show that the door’s distortion and displacement change mainly due to the gravity of the door which leads to its sinking. The calculated displacement is less than 7.8 mm, while the actual measurement is 5 mm. The single-axis-double-pin hinged door mechanism completely satisfies the design requirements. This innovative structure can be introduced as a reference for the design of large-scale hinged doors.     

使用太阳模拟器进行热平衡试验的附加外热流影响分析

航天器的结构复杂化与表面热光学性能差异,使得航天器热平衡试验中对大型太阳模拟器的需求越来越大。文章根据离轴式太阳模拟器的结构,分析了使用太阳模拟器进行热平衡试验时,真空容器中附加外热流的来源及其对试验的影响,并通过建立热控星模型和容器与热控星的联合模型进行仿真计算,给出温度分布结果,进而提出相应的试验设计改进建议。     

纳米TiC粉末改性钎料钎焊CBN磨粒的结合界面和磨损特性

采用了Ag-Cu-Ti 合金和纳米 TiC 粉末组成的新型复合钎料钎焊立方氮化硼(CBN)磨粒和工具基体,运用了三维体式显微镜和扫描电镜,研究了CBN磨粒与改性钎料之间的结合体系,包括界面微结构和反应产物,并进行了钎焊磨粒耐磨性试验.试验结果表明:加入的纳米TiC粉末均匀分布在钎料层内,细化了Ag-Cu-Ti合金钎料层的显微组织,有效控制了CBN磨粒与钎料的剧烈反应;磨粒表面化合物均匀致密,确保了CBN磨粒、纳米改性钎料和基体之间的结合强度;钎焊CBN磨粒的磨损形式以磨耗磨损为主,后期出现微小破碎,无磨粒脱落.     

航天器密封舱真空热试验用压控系统设计与实现

带有密封舱段的航天器在进行真空热试验时,经常需要对密封舱内压力进行调节控制。压控系统具有泄压、复压、稳压功能,可以实现密封舱内压力调控的目的。文章详细介绍了某型号真空热试验用密封舱压控系统的结构原理及设计方法,同时解决了真空低温环境下真空管路的隔热与密封难题。通过模拟测试对系统主要指标进行了验证,结果表明系统能够满足试验要求。     

LD30铝合金与304不锈钢低温钎焊润湿性研究

采用LD30铝合金与304不锈钢低温钎焊工艺进行润湿性研究。通过润湿性研究对比,选用了60Sn-40Pb、Sn-3.5Ag和35Sn-40Pb-25Bi3种 适用于LD30铝合金和304不锈钢的低熔点钎料,并针对每种钎料选取与之相匹配的钎剂。分析了接头的微观组织、化合物相成分和X射线探伤。结果表明:60Sn-40Pb 和35Sn-40Pb-25Bi与H₃PO₄组合在304不锈钢上润湿性很好;不锈钢与镀镍层铝合金钎焊试验时,60Sn-40Pb和35Sn-40Pb-25Bi与50% H₃PO₄+50%乙二醇组合润湿性很好;Sn-3.5Ag 钎料润湿性相对较差。