穿孔泡沫夹层复合材料低速冲击性能试验研究

针对普通泡沫夹层复合材料层间性能较弱的问题，提出在泡沫上预先打孔的方法，在泡沫芯材中形成胶钉从而提高泡沫夹层材料的力学性能，并对穿孔泡沫夹层复合材料的低速冲击性能进行了研究。通过手糊和真空辅助成形工艺制备穿孔泡沫夹层复合材料试验件，对其进行不同能量的低速冲击试验，记录接触力、冲头位移和能量吸收率等力学响应，并采用目视检测和超声C扫无损检测两种方法确定冲击损伤的范围，探究胶钉密度、打孔深度和泡沫槽宽等变量对穿孔泡沫夹层复合材料低速冲击阻抗性能的影响。试验结果表明，随着冲击能量的增加，最大接触力、最大冲头位移和残余变形均增加，凹坑深度和内部损伤面积也增大，同时结构的能量吸收率也有所提高；适当地增加胶钉密度和泡沫槽宽能提高穿孔泡沫夹层材料的低速冲击阻抗性能，而泡沫孔深度对其冲击性能的影响较小。     

梦天实验舱初始轨道快速计算策略与分析

初始轨道是航天器入轨评价的关键判据，快速准确计算初始轨道可在入轨异常时为应急救生控制赢得时间。针对传统初始轨道计算方法时间与精度不能兼顾的问题，设计了初始轨道快速计算策略，根据运载火箭加速度变化率来判断舱箭分离时间，采用基于动力学约束的实时轨道滑动批处理方法累积超短弧分离后数据计算初始轨道，对利用各种数据源确定的多组初始轨道进行逻辑优选判断。通过梦天试验舱仿真数据验证表明:使用该策略计算初始轨道，可达到事后精密定轨同等精度，计算时间控制在1 min以内，时效性远超事后精密轨道确定方法。     

Ground-based investigations on phase-moving phenomenon with space sublimation cooling for lunar exploration missions

The lunar surface is a typical vacuum environment, and its harsh heat rejection conditions bring great challenges to the thermal control technology of the exploration mission. In addition to the radiator, the sublimator is recommended as one of the promising options for heat rejection. The sublimator makes use of water to freeze and sublimate in a porous medium, rejecting heat to the vacuum environment. The complex heat and mass transfer process involves many physical phenomena such as the freezing and sublimation phase change of water in the porous medium and the movement of the phase-change interface. In this paper, the visualized ground-based experimental approaches of space sublimation cooling were presented to reveal the moving law of three-phase point and the growth phenomenon of ice-peak and icicle in microchannels under vacuum conditions. The visualized experiments and results prove that the freezing ice is divided into the porous ice-peak and the transparent icicle. As the sublimation progresses, the phase-change interface moves downward steadily, the length of the ice-peak increases, but the icicle decreases. The visualized experiments of space sublimation cooling in the capillary have guiding significance to reveal the sublimation cooling mechanism of water in the sublimator for lunar exploration missions.     

热障涂层在航空发动机涡轮叶片上的应用研究

从热障涂层在涡轮叶片的应用需求出发,研究了陶瓷热障涂层的材料与制备方法,介绍了热障涂层的基本原理和主要工艺特点,解决了热障涂层在喷涂过程中所产生的堵塞气膜孔、减小排气面积、降低疲劳性能、遮挡等方面的难点问题,给出了热障涂层叶片在试验和试车中的考核结果。     

磁场作用下的TIG电弧行为分析

在磁流体动力学理论的基础上,针对外加纵向磁场作用下的钨极氩弧焊(TIG)电弧在旋转圆柱坐标系中建立了不同电流密度的数学模型.通过Fluent用户自定义函数进行编程开发,对其流场和电磁场进行耦合求解,得到了外加纵向磁场作用下的TIG电弧热场和流场的分布规律.结果 表明,纵向磁场作用下的TIG电孤温度场呈现空心钟罩形态,并...