结构的斜撑杆布局与优化分析

应用组合理论，通过改变六面体刚架结构面上的斜撑杆添加方向获得布局不同的模型，并采用有限元方法对相应的结构进行了静力分析和固有频率分析，对部分模型进行了静力实验。结果表明：不同斜撑杆布局结构的抗扭性能有明显变化，合理的布局不仅明显提高了结构的抗扭刚度，也降低了扭转工况下的应力水平；但布局的变化对结构的固有频率影响不明显。     

氢燃料的特性与应用前景

本文论述了氢作为动力燃料的特性,介绍了氢能利用技术方面的概况。讨论了由烃燃料向氢燃料过渡的几种方式,目前氢燃料存在的问题以及氢能的应用前景。     

大传动比摆线针轮减速机的改进齿形

本文提出采用适当参数的短幅外摆线的等距线替代产生自交的短幅外摆线的等距线或复合齿形作为摆线轮的齿形,以便于既能够保持复合齿形提高效率的目的,又能够简化工艺,提高工效,同时满足摆线齿的修形要求,增大齿顶强度,使啮合传动平稳。文中还给出了一种机型的计算结果和放大的图样。     

一种可长期维持低露点测试室的方法及其应用

研究了用5A型分子筛长期维持低露点测试室装置的原理,以及用作传感器的长期稳定度测试的方法与结果.     

线性有延迟的微分方程的解

在解决一些有关生物数学的问题时，经常会遇到求解具有延迟的微分方程。到目前为止，还没有非常有效的方法求解这类方程，只是对于一小部分具有特殊形式可以求解。介绍一种此类方程的解法，其主要思想是把微分方程转化为一般的代数方程求解，然后研究解的稳定性，技巧性很强。     

滑流区中三角翼大攻角气动力特性的实验研究

一种以后掠75.7°薄三角翼为主要特征的典型航空航天飞行器模型,在激波管风洞马赫数为11.9和15.4两种条件下,攻角范围20°～50°,用模型自由飞方法测量了它们的轴向力系数、法向力系数和俯仰力矩特性。相应的实验雷诺数分别为3.19×10~4和1.64×10~4,这两种流动条件均属于稀薄气流的滑流区。 实验结果表明在M_∞=11.9和15.4两种条件下,两种剖面外形模型的升力系数和阻力系数均随攻角加大而递增,其变化规律有很好的一致性,且对马赫数并不敏感;但从体轴系来看,不仅两种模型的轴向力系数不同,而且因粘性干扰的缘故,同一模型A在M_∞=15.4时比M_∞=11.9时有相对较大的轴向力系数,但两者随攻角变化的规律一致,且当α>45°时接近牛顿值。此外,实验表明两种模型的压心系数随攻角均没有明显变化。     

钝锥有攻角分离流动的数值模拟及其分析

本文定性分析了开式分离的性状,并对钝锥有攻角超声速绕流的开式分离作了数值模拟。分析指出,开式分离可能存在两种形态,第一种分离线的起点为正常点,第二种分离线的起始为鞍、结点(包括螺旋点)的组合。对于第一种形态,分离线的起点是横向分离的起始点,除分离线外,分离面上的流线不是从分离线的起点发出的。对文中计算的情况,流动属第一种开式分离。计算证实了定性分析的结论。计算和分析均指出,对第一种开式分离,在分离的起始区域,分离流面尚未卷曲,但在下游,则变成卷曲面。文中还研究了围绕物体的流管在分离诱导下的变形情况。     

起落架落震试验的数字模拟方法

 <正> 在计算飞机起飞、着陆和滑行等地面运动的静、动态载荷时,除了需要飞机结构和气动参数外,起落架减震器的性能参数更占有重要地位。而这些性能参数中尤以决定油液阻尼力的流最系数为重要。长期以来,国内主要靠查手册、凭经验确定这个系数,如果能较准确地确定流量系数,对载荷计算是很有意义的事。     

航空制件超声检测中的声场特性分析

 针对航空制件超声检测中影响缺陷定量准确性的声场问题进行了深入讨论, 研究了脉冲波声场的计算方法, 设计了相应的计算软件并绘制出实用换能器声轴线上的声压分布曲线, 分析了不同材料和厚度的采样回波对频谱的影响, 比较了连续波声场和脉冲波声场的分布特性及异同点。研究结果为提高超声检测中缺陷定量的准确性和科学性提供了依据。     

Magnetosphere Imaging Instrument (MIMI) on the Cassini Mission to Saturn/Titan

The magnetospheric imaging instrument (MIMI) is a neutral and charged particle detection system on the Cassini orbiter spacecraft designed to perform both global imaging and in-situ measurements to study the overall configuration and dynamics of Saturn’s magnetosphere and its interactions with the solar wind, Saturn’s atmosphere, Titan, and the icy satellites. The processes responsible for Saturn’s aurora will be investigated; a search will be performed for substorms at Saturn; and the origins of magnetospheric hot plasmas will be determined. Further, the Jovian magnetosphere and Io torus will be imaged during Jupiter flyby. The investigative approach is twofold. (1) Perform remote sensing of the magnetospheric energetic (E > 7 keV) ion plasmas by detecting and imaging charge-exchange neutrals, created when magnetospheric ions capture electrons from ambient neutral gas. Such escaping neutrals were detected by the Voyager l spacecraft outside Saturn’s magnetosphere and can be used like photons to form images of the emitting regions, as has been demonstrated at Earth. (2) Determine through in-situ measurements the 3-D particle distribution functions including ion composition and charge states (E > 3 keV/e). The combination of in-situ measurements with global images, together with analysis and interpretation techniques that include direct “forward modeling’’ and deconvolution by tomography, is expected to yield a global assessment of magnetospheric structure and dynamics, including (a) magnetospheric ring currents and hot plasma populations, (b) magnetic field distortions, (c) electric field configuration, (d) particle injection boundaries associated with magnetic storms and substorms, and (e) the connection of the magnetosphere to ionospheric altitudes. Titan and its torus will stand out in energetic neutral images throughout the Cassini orbit, and thus serve as a continuous remote probe of ion flux variations near 20R _S (e.g., magnetopause crossings and substorm plasma injections). The Titan exosphere and its cometary interaction with magnetospheric plasmas will be imaged in detail on each flyby. The three principal sensors of MIMI consists of an ion and neutral camera (INCA), a charge–energy–mass-spectrometer (CHEMS) essentially identical to our instrument flown on the ISTP/Geotail spacecraft, and the low energy magnetospheric measurements system (LEMMS), an advanced design of one of our sensors flown on the Galileo spacecraft. The INCA head is a large geometry factor (G ∼ 2.4 cm² sr) foil time-of-flight (TOF) camera that separately registers the incident direction of either energetic neutral atoms (ENA) or ion species (≥5^∘ full width half maximum) over the range 7 keV/nuc < E < 3 MeV/nuc. CHEMS uses electrostatic deflection, TOF, and energy measurement to determine ion energy, charge state, mass, and 3-D anisotropy in the range 3 ≤ E ≤ 220 keV/e with good (∼0.05 cm² sr) sensitivity. LEMMS is a two-ended telescope that measures ions in the range 0.03 ≤ E ≤ 18 MeV and electrons 0.015 ≤ E≤ 0.884 MeV in the forward direction (G ∼ 0.02 cm² sr), while high energy electrons (0.1–5 MeV) and ions (1.6–160 MeV) are measured from the back direction (G ∼ 0.4 cm² sr). The latter are relevant to inner magnetosphere studies of diffusion processes and satellite microsignatures as well as cosmic ray albedo neutron decay (CRAND). Our analyses of Voyager energetic neutral particle and Lyman-α measurements show that INCA will provide statistically significant global magnetospheric images from a distance of ∼60 R _S every 2–3 h (every ∼10 min from ∼20 R _S). Moreover, during Titan flybys, INCA will provide images of the interaction of the Titan exosphere with the Saturn magnetosphere every 1.5 min. Time resolution for charged particle measurements can be < 0.1 s, which is more than adequate for microsignature studies. Data obtained during Venus-2 flyby and Earth swingby in June and August 1999, respectively, and Jupiter flyby in December 2000 to January 2001 show that the instrument is performing well, has made important and heretofore unobtainable measurements in interplanetary space at Jupiter, and will likely obtain high-quality data throughout each orbit of the Cassini mission at Saturn. Sample data from each of the three sensors during the August 18 Earth swingby are shown, including the first ENA image of part of the ring current obtained by an instrument specifically designed for this purpose. Similarily, measurements in cis-Jovian space include the first detailed charge state determination of Iogenic ions and several ENA images of that planet’s magnetosphere.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date.