欠驱动系统控制方法实现导弹时间与角度协同

首先,给出弹目距离与视线角控制的二阶欠驱动系统的标准形式,选取这两个相关的系统状态分别构造滑模平面,滑模面能够保证系统状态的跟踪;然后,选取李雅普诺夫函数,采用李雅普诺夫稳定定理求取最终的控制量,保证两个滑模面渐近稳定,实现对撞击时间与撞击角度的同时控制;最后,在时间控制基本完成后,切换为角度精确控制。     

GRAS radio occultation on-board of Metop

The GRAS radio occultation instrument is flying on Metop-A and belongs to the EPS (EUMETSAT Polar System). GRAS observes GPS satellites in occultation. Within this work, validation of GRAS closed-loop bending angle data against co-located ECMWF profiles extracted from model fields and occultations from the COSMIC constellation of radio occultation instruments is shown. Results confirm the high data quality and robustness, where GRAS shows lower bending angle noise against ECMWF than COSMIC and in terms of occultations per day, one GRAS ≈ two COSMIC satellites. This is partly due to the operational setup of EPS. For the investigation we focus on two observation periods where updates in the ECMWF (March 2009) and COSMIC processing (October 2009) have improved the statistics further. Bending angles biases agree to within 0.5% against ECMWF and to within 0.1% against COSMIC after the updates for altitudes between 8 and 40 km. In addition, we also analyze the impact of the Metop orbit processing on the derived GRAS bending angle data, where different GPS and Metop orbit solutions are analyzed. Results show that a batch based orbit processing would improve in particular the bending angle bias behavior at higher altitudes. Requirements for the operational processing of GRAS data are briefly outlined, options to ease the use of other positioning system satellites in the near future are discussed. A simplified analysis on the observation of several of these systems, e.g. GPS and Galileo, from one platform shows that about 16% of occultations are found within 300 km, ±3 h, thus providing similar information. A constellation of 2 GRAS like instruments would have only about 10% close-by.     

发动机整流支板大尺寸过冷水滴撞击特性

目前航空发动机防冰系统通用设计方案是以过冷小水滴的撞击特性为依据,但最新的研究结果显示大尺寸过冷水滴(SLD)环境下的结冰会对飞行器带来更加恶劣的影响.基于此,对大尺寸过冷水滴环境下发动机进口支板的水滴撞击特性进行了研究.首先对水滴运动控制方程进行了修正,以模拟水滴的变形及破碎的影响;然后对水滴在壁面处飞溅、反弹现象进...     

高负荷离心压气机扩压器叶片前缘结构分析

为拓宽离心压气机稳定工作范围,以某高负荷离心压气机为研究对象,对径向扩压器叶片前缘进行盘侧开槽处理,借助数值模拟手段,探讨了开槽处理对离心压气机性能和稳定工作范围的影响,并对开槽结构进行了参数化研究,确定了主要开槽参数对离心压气机的影响.数值计算表明,径向扩压器前缘盘侧开槽能够在一定程度上提高离心压气机的稳定工作裕度,但同时伴随着压气机性能的降低.详细对比分析了开槽结构引人前后离心压气机内部流场结构,揭示了径向扩压器叶片前缘开槽提高离心压气机稳定工作裕度机理.     

一种高精度航空结构多主体协作冲击定位方法

为了提高结构冲击载荷定位的精度和实时性,针对声发射和逆问题分析两类方法的优点和不足,结合多主体技术提出了一种高精度航空结构多主体协作冲击定位方法.两类冲击定位方法自主并行工作,通过黑板协作融合,彼此通信交互消息,参考优化定位结果,保证位置精度的同时提高了实时性.在大型航空铝板上的实验表明,该冲击载荷定位方法快速有效,具有很好的鲁棒性.     

空化对航行器垂向入水特性影响机理研究

航行器以一定速度入水过程中将发生空化现象,这对其受力特性及运动轨迹都有重要影响,是跨介质航行器的关键问题。针对航行器不同速度垂向入水中的空化现象开展了数值模拟研究,采用整体运动网格方法,分析了航行器垂向入水过程中,空化和入水速度对运动特性及流场演化的影响。研究结果表明,超空泡主要从航行器外形斜率改变处开始生成,空泡的闭合与溃灭都会造成受力曲线的较大波动。超空泡的减阻效果主要在航行器完全进入水面后体现,且航行器垂向入水速度越大,阻力系数越小。     

Fundamentals of Design and Technology of Rolling Element Bearings

This article presents an overview of fundamentals of rolling element bearing designs and technologies. The aim is to outline the complex interrelation of all fundamentals with the rolling contact fatigue and the attainable bearing life. Such fundamentals include, amongst others, bearing stressing and life capability. The article shows the different types of rolling bearing stressing and the analysis of the stress distribution (principal stresses and equivalent stresses) in the material under the rolling contact area. It becomes obvious that the contamination of the bearing with foreign particles leads to a drastic reduction in bearing life. Furthermore, it demonstrates the impact of the bearing lubrication and coating as well as the effect of additives on the attainable life and wear. Further fundamentals of rolling element bearing design are the materials, the material cleanliness and the heat treatment. The article reveals the importance of the cleanliness of bearing steels as well as different types of inclusions and their effect on rolling contact fatigue. Additionally the article describes how to optimize the material properties (strength, toughness and residual stress) by the heat treatment processes. The outcome of these investigations is that endurance life of a rolling element bearing can be achieved if specific operating conditions, an adequate lubrication, good system cleanliness and specific bearing stressing are met. The article provides a guideline for bearing engineers on how designs and technologies can be applied to optimizing a bearing for a particular industry or aerospace application.     

精密轴的加工与稳定化处理

文章介绍了航天遥感器中精密滑动轴的机械加工与磨削及稳定性处理等特点。包括材料性能,刀具材料与几何参数,磨料与磨削工艺参数及稳定性处理。     

Cr12MoV凸模热处理裂纹分析

零件在热处理后，有时会出现裂纹，通过对裂纹宏观及微观的检查分析，找出产生裂纹的原因，以避免在今后的工作中出现同样的错误。     

50CrVA钢汽车扭杆弹簧热处理工艺研究

通过对50CrVA钢汽车扭杆弹簧热处理工艺进行研究并结合现场条件发现，其热处理最佳淬火加热温度为880℃；回火最佳温度为300℃且最佳硬度为48-52HRC。