基于流固耦合航行体入水冲击数值模拟研究

针对航行体入水冲击过程中的流固耦合问题,利用任意拉格朗日 欧拉算法建立三维入水冲击数值仿真模型。首先,建立球体入水冲击数值模型,获取了入水过程中的冲击载荷和表面压力数据,通过与试验对比,探究网格密度、接触刚度耦合系数以及时间步长对仿真准确性的影响。结果发现,冲击区域网格密度和接触刚度耦合系数决定流固耦合接触刚度;冲击域的网状密度对冲击系数结果和入水速度变化有明显影响;耦合节点之间的接触刚度系数会影响局部压力峰值。最后,建立锥形头部圆柱体入水仿真模型,提出分段刚体计算截面载荷方法,研究不同速度下结构入水冲击加速度、速度、位移和截面载荷变化规律,与试验结果对比证明仿真准确性。     

预浸料厚坯超声切割工艺研究

 预浸料厚坯超声切割技术,具有无刀具磨损、加工速度快、加工精度高、无粉尘污染等优势,切割质量优异,在国外已得到了广泛应用,而国内目前仍处于初期研究阶段。本文以航空航天应用为主的碳纤维预浸料厚坯为实验材料,研究了切割温度、切割速度以及切割能量等切割工艺参数对切割质量的影响。研究结果表明,对于一定厚度的预浸料厚坯,最优的切割工艺参数组合:切割温度为5℃,切割速度为1.0 m/min,切割能量为8级。该研究方法与研究成果为超声切割技术在预浸料切割中的应用奠定了基础。     

碳纤维高温处理过程中石墨片层堆叠的温度效应

采用二维广角X-射线衍射法(WAXD)研究了国产聚丙烯腈基碳纤维在高温处理过程中石墨片层结构的堆叠过程,分析了温度因素对于堆叠结构的影响。实验结果表明,随着热处理温度的升高,碳纤维中的类石墨片层堆叠层数不断增加,结构趋于规整致密,并且在1 900℃后堆叠速率加快。同时,通过元素分析和Raman光谱的研究,解释了堆叠速率提高的原因,随着非碳元素的脱除和碳化学结构向SP2杂化转变,结构缺陷不断减少,有利于石墨片层的堆叠。     

一种力矩电机换向器成形方案的研究与实现

设计并实现了一种力矩电机用换向器的成形工艺,在大量工艺试验的基础上,对成形方案各关键技术,包括材料热处理参数、工艺尺寸计算、零件成形、组件粘接等给出了解决措施,并对各措施中使用的检测设备及成形模具进行了介绍。     

Uncertainty propagation for statistical impact prediction of space debris

Predictions of the impact time and location of space debris in a decaying trajectory are highly influenced by uncertainties. The traditional Monte Carlo (MC) method can be used to perform accurate statistical impact predictions, but requires a large computational effort. A method is investigated that directly propagates a Probability Density Function (PDF) in time, which has the potential to obtain more accurate results with less computational effort. The decaying trajectory of Delta-K rocket stages was used to test the methods using a six degrees-of-freedom state model. The PDF of the state of the body was propagated in time to obtain impact-time distributions. This Direct PDF Propagation (DPP) method results in a multi-dimensional scattered dataset of the PDF of the state, which is highly challenging to process. No accurate results could be obtained, because of the structure of the DPP data and the high dimensionality. Therefore, the DPP method is less suitable for practical uncontrolled entry problems and the traditional MC method remains superior. Additionally, the MC method was used with two improved uncertainty models to obtain impact-time distributions, which were validated using observations of true impacts. For one of the two uncertainty models, statistically more valid impact-time distributions were obtained than in previous research.     

承压管道壁厚自动化检测系统研制

研制一套自动化超声检测系统,对1~2 mm壁厚承压管道的均匀性进行检测,获得承压管道全壁厚信息,为航天系统中的承压管道可靠性和安全性设计提供依据。超声检测系统采用六点矩阵控制方法,获取承压管道周向的全壁厚信息。文中研制的系统包括超声硬件系统;机械执行系统,实现超声换能器的夹持与运动;超声软件系统,搭建数据算法,对检测信号进行分析处理。试验结果表明该自动化超声检测系统对承压管道全壁厚信息的检测精度不低于0.02 mm。该超声检测系统对其它无损检测研究和系统开发具有很好的参考价值。     

某型飞机告警系统“无泵压”故障信息处理方法

针对某型飞机告警系统的"无泵压"故障信息,对故障产生原因进行分析,通过多次定性模拟试验,总结了一套机上试验方案,可以准确地对故障原因进行判定。     

Multifunctional Martian habitat composite material synthesized from in situ resources

The two primary requirements for a Martian habitat structure include effective radiation shielding against the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) environment and sufficient structural and thermal integrity. To significantly reduce the cost associated with transportation of such materials and structures from earth, it is imperative that such building materials should be synthesized primarily from Martian in situ resources. This paper illustrates the feasibility of such an approach. Experimental results are discussed to demonstrate the synthesis of polyethylene (PE) from a simulated Martian atmosphere and the fabrication of a composite material using simulated Martian regolith with PE as the binding material. The radiation shielding effectiveness of the proposed composites is analyzed using results from radiation transport codes and exposure of the samples to high-energy beams that serve as a terrestrial proxy for the GCR environment. Mechanical and ballistic impact resistance properties of the proposed composite as a function of composition, processing parameters, and thermal variations are also discussed to evaluate the multifunctionality of such in situ synthesized composite materials.     

超声波流量计在航天器推进系统中的应用分析

超声波流量计作为一种先进的流量计量仪器已经在工业上得到广泛的应用,其高精度、易安装、不受环境因素影响等特性为航天器在轨推进剂计量带来了新的思路.超声波的反射特性使得该装置也可作为推进剂管路内流体状态的监测及故障诊断的有力工具.简介了超声波流量计的原理及发展,分析了该装置对航天器推进系统的计量及检测的适用性,并针对该项技术在中国航天器推进系统中的应用提出了具体建议.     

临近空间高超声速飞行器测控通信的需求及策略分析

对运行在临近空间的高超声速飞行器,由于其速度快、加速度大、距离跨度大等特点,对其试验及运行过程中的遥测遥控通信问题是一个关键难题。从临近空间的概念、特点出发,结合高超声速飞行器飞行状态、环境,分析了对试验过程中测控通信技术的需求,给出了分析结论及初步应对策略,可对有关高超声速飞行器的测控系统设计提供参考输入。