基于小波变换的固体火箭发动机深层界面超声回波信号分析

针对固体火箭发动机多层粘接结构中的超声检测回波信号严重混迭及难以分辨的问题,提出对回波信号进行小波变换,提取小波变换后各个频段的能谱作为特征,为多层粘接结构中深层界面的粘接缺陷分析及识别提供依据。实验结果表明,超声回波信号分析方法可有效提取出固体发动机多层粘接结构中的深层界面信号特征,并能将缺陷识别、定位。     

单层及双层板的超高速碰撞试验(速度超过10km/s)的数值模拟

文章介绍了在Sandia国家实验室所进行的3个精确控制的超高速碰撞试验,使用两种复杂的流体码即多维流体动力学代码CTH和平滑粒子流体动力学代码SPH,对该试验进行数值模拟。该试验用质量为克大小的飞片及球形射弹以大约10km/s的速度撞击薄铝板及钢板(厚度小于1cm)。并分析了碎片云动力学计算预示结果及这些试验中金属板的损坏。     

航天用系列行波型超声波电机的研制

简述了超声波电机在航天领域的应用情况，并介绍了所研制的系列行波型超声波电机（直径分别为80mm、60mm、45mm和30mm）的结构形式、摩擦材料、粘结工艺、温度特性、机械特性和瞬态特性，提出了神经元自适应PID算法实现高精度的速度和位置控制。结果表明其具有良好的特性，适用于空间机器人、登月车、太阳能帆板、CCD等空间机构的驱动，并结合航天领域的应用要求，提出了下一步的研究重点。     

超高速碰撞数值模拟

本文在耦合欧拉－拉格朗日动参考系中，基于流体弹粘塑性理论，用三维等参元对各向同性材料及正交各向异性材料在超高速碰撞下的动力响应进行了数值模拟。     

Recent development of casing treatments for aero-engine compressors

Casing treatment is a mature stabilization technique which has been widely applied on aero-engines for modern aircrafts and turbo-chargers for automobiles. After the investigations of half century since the 1960s, this technique has been well developed for various configurations with different effectiveness. From the perspective of stabilization mechanism, this paper roughly categorizes the configurations of casing treatment into two types: traditional ones which work by affecting the flow structure of blade tip region; a novel one named as Stall Precursor-Suppressed (SPS) casing treatment. The effectiveness of both types will be demonstrated for their applications on axial compressors and centrifugal compressors with uniform or distorted inlet. And the stabilization mechanism of casing treatments for regular types and SPS one will also be explained respectively. In addition, this review will summarize the methodologies of casing treatments with the numerical simulations for regular grooved configurations and the eigenvalue approach for SPS casing treatment. Looking forward to the future of compressor stabilization, casing treatment technique will still exist as a general and inexpensive option, and the exploration for its effectiveness and mechanism will be deeper with the development of computational fluid dynamics and advanced measurement techniques.     

A fast numerical approach for Whipple shield ballistic limit analysis

Whipple shield is widely used on manned spacecraft, numerical simulation is an important way for obtaining the ballistic limit. The large population of particles and the large space span of Whipple shield simulation model restrict the computational efficiency. A fast numerical approach is presented for Whipple shield ballistic limit analysis. First, the critical penetration analysis of the rear walls is converted into specific impulse analysis delivered by the secondary debris cloud, because the maximum of specific impulse is the main determinant of the penetration. The dual plate simulation model is then converted into single plate model and the population of particles is reduced. Second, based on the isotropic expansion theory of secondary debris cloud, the specific impulse analysis is further converted into particle position and velocity analysis when the stable secondary debris formed. The space span of the simulation model is reduced. An example of Whipple shield ballistic limit analysis is provided for the verification of the fast numerical approach, it shows that this approach can significantly increase the computation efficiency with acceptable accuracy.     

Hypervelocity fragment formation technology for ground-based laboratory tests

Cumulative jet formation was regarded aimed at the formation of hypervelocity fragments up to 14 km/s for the investigation of space debris effects on shielding screens. The basic physical problems of jet formation process are analyzed. It is shown that in process of realization of hyper-cumulation conditions for jet formation without complete stagnation point involving formation of the inner zone of constant pressure (dead zone), the flow mass is always greater than slug mass. That opens wide the possibilities for increasing fragment mass in laboratory tests.     

空投雷弹入水冲击头型特性参数分析

针对目前雷弹头型的多样性和多种描述方式,从雷弹头部外型特点出发,在前人描述外型的无量纲参数基础上,重点分析了Baldwin和Waugh的特性参数的优缺点,提出一种更为合理的具有普适性的无量纲新型特性参数,可以普遍描述雷弹头型,并且根据其与入水冲击阻力系数的关系,给出尖拱体长细比与入水冲击阻力系数的关系式和新型描述参数与入水冲击阻力系数的关系式,可以方便地求出各类头型垂直入水冲击载荷的峰值,为尖拱族结构入水冲击载荷计算提供了一种便捷的方法,拓展了不同头型的结构体垂向入水冲击理论。     

A ballistic limit equation for hypervelocity impacts on composite honeycomb sandwich panel satellite structures

During a recent experimental test campaign performed in the framework of ESA Contract 16721, the ballistic performance of multiple satellite-representative Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic (CFRP)/Aluminium honeycomb sandwich panel structural configurations (GOCE, Radarsat-2, Herschel/Planck, BeppoSax) was investigated using the two-stage light-gas guns at EMI. The experimental results were used to develop and validate a new empirical Ballistic Limit Equation (BLE), which was derived from an existing Whipple-shield BLE. This new BLE provided a good level of accuracy in predicting the ballistic performance of stand-alone sandwich panel structures. Additionally, the equation is capable of predicting the ballistic limit of a thin Al plate located at a standoff behind the sandwich panel structure. This thin plate is the representative of internal satellite systems, e.g. an Al electronic box cover, a wall of a metallic vessel, etc. Good agreement was achieved with both the experimental test campaign results and additional test data from the literature for the vast majority of set-ups investigated. For some experiments, the ballistic limit was conservatively predicted, a result attributed to shortcomings in correctly accounting for the presence of high surface density multi-layer insulation on the outer facesheet. Four existing BLEs commonly applied for application with stand-alone sandwich panels were reviewed using the new impact test data. It was found that a number of these common approaches provided non-conservative predictions for sandwich panels with CFRP facesheets.     

基于误差反馈补偿的攻击无人机角度和时间控制

在攻击无人机群协同攻击中,为了提高机群的整体突防能力,达到最佳的攻击和作战效能,有必要同时控制无人机的攻击角度和攻击时间。首先利用最优控制理论,在对飞行运动学模型进行线性化的前提下,通过加速度微分来实现对角度和时间的同时控制。但是,当终端入射角较大时,由于线性化假设不再成立,使得控制精度比较差。针对这一问题,利用具有高反馈效率的非线性误差反馈,把由于线性化引起的误差通过补偿反馈到系统回路中去,从而大幅度提高了控制精度。数值仿真结果验证了方法的有效性。