多级泵级间导叶的优化与数值仿真

级间导叶是多级离心泵的重要组成部件,对泵性能有重要影响。基于国内外研究提出了级间导叶的四种设计方法,分别为改进径向式导叶设计法、四条流线包围流道设计法、中间流线矩形扫描法和中间流线圆形扫描法。为某多级液氢泵分别设计一种径向式导叶和四种流道式导叶,验证了设计方法的可行性。对径向式导叶及四种流道式导叶进行了数值仿真研究,结...     

The Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (SPDM) Systems Engineering Effort – A successful exercise in cheaper,faster and (hopefully) better systems engineering

The Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (SPDM) is the latest Space Robot developed by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and McDonald Detwiller Space and Advanced Robotics (MD Robotics, previously Spar Aerospace) for the International Space Station (ISS). The SPDM has presented its designers with a number of new challenges in performing the Systems Engineering effort required for a complex robotic system:(1) The SPDM initial design was started and attained various levels of maturity for various components under the Space Station Freedom environment, then the Program was stopped and finally restarted under the harsher environment in which the International Space Station is being built.(2) The SPDM is the first space robot to utilize previously developed and space certified robotic components, as well as components with high-commonality to the previously developed ones (electronics, S/W).(3) New requirements levied by the Customer during the negotiations leading to the Program re-start necessitated significant architectural changes versus the SPDM configuration `frozen' when the Program was shut down.(4) The SPDM is the first robotic system of this complexity that is being built under a Firm Fixed Price contract, with the commonality assumptions as one of the cost drivers.This combination of components of various pedigree, coupled with the constraints imposed by an FFP contract have been addressed by the designers through the definition of a novel approach to integrated Systems and Design Engineering.     

轰炸机的发展历程和前景

介绍了轰炸机在各历史阶段发挥的重要作用，分析了轰炸机从诞生到第二次世界大战中发展成熟，以及在冷战时期轰炸机发展的3个阶段。描述了在每个时期不同战场环境下对轰炸机的不同要求，以及由此而产生不同的气动布局形式，进而分析了未来轰炸机发展的3个方向和美国当前可能的型号选择。     

基于综合指标的最优冗余陀螺配置确定方法

陀螺是航天器控制系统中的关键姿态敏感器,其主要采取冗余措施进行配置。针对航天器控制系统设计中如何进行陀螺冗余配置的问题,提出了一种确定最优冗余陀螺配置的方法,该方法综合考虑了系统的可靠性、精度、成本代价等综合指标。首先,以工程中普遍采用的陀螺斜置式为对象,系统性给出了陀螺斜置式的安装结构,并以测量误差最小为目标确定出确定安装数目下的最优陀螺冗余安装结构。其次,结合实际工程经验对陀螺冗余配置的综合性能指标进行详细系统的分析。然后,利用优化评价方法以综合指标为基础对不同安装数目下的陀螺冗余安装结构进行综合评价,确定出陀螺冗余配置的最优安装数目,即最优冗余陀螺配置。最后,利用该方法对实际工程中的斜置式陀螺冗余配置进行分析和计算。结果表明,当陀螺的安装数目为7时为最优冗余配置,该结论对实际工程具有理论指导作用。     

宽速域乘波构型设计方法研究综述

乘波体是一种典型的高速气动构型,由于高升阻比和均匀的下表面流动等特性使其成为机身/进气道一体化设计的理想构型。随着对乘波体设计方法的不断研究,提高乘波体在非设计条件下的气动性能,实现乘波体的宽速域飞行成为乘波体实用化的一个重要研究方向。将目前的宽速域乘波体设计方法分成变马赫数、多级组合和涡波结合3种类型,并详细介绍了这些方法的设计过程,分析了设计方法的优缺点。     

卫星姿态控制推力器布局分析

针对卫星姿态控制过程中推力器数目和分布的选取问题,给出了星上常用的4种推力器安装布局,通过相平面控制,给出了各个稚力器的喷气时间,通过对不同布局下系统的控制精度、燃料消耗和可靠性等方面进行分析和比较,给出了推力器布局设计准则.该准则表明系统的可靠性和燃料消耗是推力器布局设计的主要参考依据.     

民用飞机构型定义应用分析

通过分析国内外民用飞机构型定义案例,说明民用飞机构型定义方法。分析MBD技术在B787飞机研制中的应用,提出了构型定义的应用建议,给民用飞机研制带来了新的思维。     

军用飞机使用技术状态标识与控制研究

为了满足军用飞机使用技术状态管理的需要,提出了一种新的技术状态信息编码化标识方法,以及基于此技术状态标识方法的使用技术状态控制方案．重点描述了对引起飞机使用技术状态改变的换件等外场维修活动进行控制的基本原理。     

A faster optimization method based on support vector regression for aerodynamic problems

In this paper, a new strategy for optimal design of complex aerodynamic configuration with a reasonable low computational effort is proposed. In order to solve the formulated aerodynamic optimization problem with heavy computation complexity, two steps are taken: (1) a sequential approximation method based on support vector regression (SVR) and hybrid cross validation strategy, is proposed to predict aerodynamic coefficients, and thus approximates the objective function and constraint conditions of the originally formulated optimization problem with given limited sample points; (2) a sequential optimization algorithm is proposed to ensure the obtained optimal solution by solving the approximation optimization problem in step (1) is very close to the optimal solution of the originally formulated optimization problem. In the end, we adopt a complex aerodynamic design problem, that is optimal aerodynamic design of a flight vehicle with grid fins, to demonstrate our proposed optimization methods, and numerical results show that better results can be obtained with a significantly lower computational effort than using classical optimization techniques.     

基于轨迹方法的AFDX网络路由配置算法

针对航空电子全双工交换式以太网(AFDX,Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet)的网络关键技术——虚拟链路(VL,Virtual Link)的静态路由算法,提出了一种基于AFDX轨迹方法的VL路由配置算法——TRJ算法,保证配置VL的端端确定性最大延迟满足给定的时延约束.TRJ算法计算每条VL基于轨迹方法得到的初始延时约束比,按照延时约束比从小到大的顺序结合轨迹方法进行VL静态路由配置.在AFDX网络典型配置下,将该路由算法与最小跳路由和均衡路由算法进行比较,结果表明最小跳路由算法用了最少的资源,均衡路由算法平衡了网络流量,但只有该算法保证了所有VL的端端最大延迟满足时延约束,证明该算法的有效性.