不同液滴破碎模型的验证及柴油机在燃气混合过程中的应用

在射流不稳定性理论的基础上,将喷嘴内部的湍流流动以权重的形式加入初次破碎模型中;根据液滴的变形量采用TAB与KH-RT模型竞争的机制来计算液滴二次破碎;建立了Hybrid液滴破碎的数学模型。通过与实验数据、TAB和KH-RT破碎模型的计算结果对比,验证模型计算的准确性。Hybrid模型计算的液滴碰壁后飞溅半径和高度的最大相对误差分别为8%和6%,远小于其他两个模型的最大相对误差值。将验证过的三个破碎模型应用于柴油机中,比较了三个破碎模型对燃油分布的影响。研究发现,Hybrid模型的计算结果较比TAB和KH-RT模型准确度更高。      

侧壁约束下压缩激波/湍流边界层相互作用低频不稳定性实验研究

侧壁面约束条件下压缩激波/湍流边界层相互作用（Shock-Wave/Turbulent Boundary-Layer Interactions, SWTBLIs）呈现出区别于经典二维SWTBLIs的强三维特性，尤其是低频不稳定性问题自发现以来就受到了广泛关注，而其与下游压缩环境之间的关联性尚不明确。本文基于带侧壁约束的超声速压缩拐角构建三维受限的SWTBLIs流动，并通过自由射流风洞实验进行了系统研究，其中来流Ma∞=2.5、湍流边界层发展厚度对矩形流道宽度的占比约0.08、压缩拐角在12°~24°的宽范围内变化。通过不同压缩拐角下流场结构演化及壁面压力脉动信号谱特性的对比，揭示了侧壁面约束条件下压缩拐角对低频大尺度振荡时间-空间演化行为的影响规律和作用机制。研究发现：压缩拐角角度较小时，侧壁面约束导致的“拖尾效应”有助于延缓压缩拐角附近流动分离模式的过渡，并抑制压缩激波的不稳定性；压缩拐角达到20°及以上时，压缩拐角前沿逐渐发展为大尺度流动分离模式，侧壁面约束的角区将首先发展出能量集中的低频脉动，并逐步演化为两种峰值频率分别为约50Hz、200Hz量级的不同大尺度间歇性低频振荡叠加行为，且伴随着压缩激波形态的显著改变；两种低频振荡行为都属于SWTBLIs流场的全局性不稳定振荡，但沿着展向振荡强度差异显著，角区内的振荡强度远远高于中心主流区域。     

Hypersonic shock wave and turbulent boundary layer interaction in a sharp cone/flare model

A direct numerical simulation of hypersonic Shock wave and Turbulent Boundary Layer Interaction(STBLI) at Mach 6.0 on a sharp 7° half-angle circular cone/flare configuration at zero angle of attack is performed. The flare angle is 34° and the momentum thickness Reynolds number based on the incoming turbulent boundary layer on the sharp circular cone is Re_θ = 2506. It is found that the mean flow is separated and the separation bubble occurring near the corner exhibits unsteadiness. The Reynolds analogy factor changes dramatically across the interaction, and varies between 1.06 and 1.27 in the downstream region, while the QP85 scaling factor has a nearly constant value of 0.5 across the interaction. The evolution of the reattached boundary layer is characterized in terms of the mean profiles, the Reynolds stress components, the anisotropy tensor and the turbulence kinetic energy. It is argued that the recovery is incomplete and the near-wall asymptotic behavior does not occur for the hypersonic interaction. In addition, mean skin friction decomposition in an axisymmetric turbulent boundary layer is carried out for the first time. Downstream of the interaction, the contributions of transverse curvature and body divergence are negligible, whereas the positive contribution associated with the turbulence kinetic energy production and the negative spatial-growth contribution are dominant. Based on scale decomposition, the positive contribution is further divided into terms with different spanwise length scales. The negative contribution is analyzed by comparing the convective term, the streamwise-heterogeneity term and the pressure gradient term.     

Unsteady analysis of jet impingement under vibration conditions

The vibration of thermodynamic machinery will affect its cooling system. In this research, a high-resolution simulation of jet impingement was performed to quantify the unsteady turbulent convection under vibration conditions. A newly developed Self-Adaptive Turbulence Eddy Simulation(SATES) method was used. The Reynolds number was Re = 23000, the jet-towall distance was fixed at H/D = 2, and the vibrating frequency of the impinging wall f varied from 0 to 200 Hz. Compared with the static wall c...