Theory and Simulation of Reconnection

Reconnection is a major commonality of solar and magnetospheric physics. It was conjectured by Giovanelli in 1946 to explain particle acceleration in solar flares near magnetic neutral points. Since than it has been broadly applied in space physics including magnetospheric physics. In a special way this is due to Harry Petschek, who in 1994 published his ground breaking solution for a 2D magnetized plasma flow in regions containing singularities of vanishing magnetic field. Petschek’s reconnection theory was questioned in endless disputes and arguments, but his work stimulated the further investigation of this phenomenon like no other. However, there are questions left open. We consider two of them – “anomalous” resistivity in collisionless space plasma and the nature of reconnection in three dimensions. The CLUSTER and SOHO missions address these two aspects of reconnection in a complementary way -- the resistivity problem in situ in the magnetosphere and the 3D aspect by remote sensing of the Sun. We demonstrate that the search for answers to both questions leads beyond the applicability of analytical theories and that appropriate numerical approaches are necessary to investigate the essentially nonlinear and nonlocal processes involved. Necessary are both micro-physical, kinetic Vlasov-equation based methods of investigation as well as large scale (MHD) simulations to obtain the geometry and topology of the acting fields and flows.     

资金利税率取代经济效益综合指数的实证研究

在介绍国家统计局推行的经济效益综合指数之后，利用河南省１７个市、地独立核算工业企业的资料，通过实旆研究和指标分部，提出了用资金利税率指标代替经济效益综合指数的建议。     

基于相关分析的交流电压测量

论述了将数采板与相关分析方法相结合，快速、准确测量交流电压的新方法，并给出了实用例证。     

Magnetospheric turbulence and properties of magnetospheric dynamics

High level of turbulence is one of the main peculiarities inherent to magnetospheric dynamics. Mechanisms for generation of magnetospheric turbulence are analyzed. The instabilities in the plasma pressure distribution are examined as source of large and medium scale modes in the turbulence spectra. Large-scale modes (which scales are comparable with scale of the magnetosphere) lead to convective transport of the magnetospheric particles. Excitation of such modes is analyzed being based on the suggestion of the existence of week instability in the distribution of plasma pressure.     

上市公司财务状况的主成分分析

本文应用主成分分析法，对上市公司财务状况进行综合分析，进而给出一种简单有效的评定依据。     

高超声速湍流直接数值模拟技术

概述了近年来国内外高超声速湍流直接数值模拟(DNS)技术方面最新的研究进展,主要集中在高精度、高鲁棒性数值方法方面,同时也介绍了近年来典型的高超声速湍流DNS算例。在数值方法方面,主要介绍了高精度激波捕捉格式以及保持计算稳定的数值技术,重点是WENO格式及高阶保单调格式的最新进展。在高超声速湍流DNS算例方面,介绍了压缩性影响、壁温影响、真实气体效应以及高超声速转捩等方面的DNS研究。此外,还简要介绍了作者开发的可压缩高精度计算流体力学软件OpenCFD。     

不可压壁湍流中基本相干结构

条带和流向涡作为壁湍流中的两类基本相干结构,对于理解壁湍流的生成演化具有重要意义。本文首先回顾了充分发展不可压壁湍流中,这两类基本相干结构从近壁区到远壁区、从低雷诺数到高雷诺数的发现、发展历程,并着重点论述其自相似和自维持的两个核心特征。然后,进一步讨论基于湍流自维持过程发现的一系列精确相干态,从N-S方程不变解的角度精确地描述了条带和流向涡构成的自维持单元。精确相干态同时具有自维持和自相似特征,且维度更低,构成了充分发展壁湍流的骨架,为采用动力系统理论研究壁湍流奠定了基础。近些年,精确相干态在解释亚临界转捩方面也获得了较大成功,为转捩的研究提供了新的视角,有望从动力系统角度关联湍流与转捩两个经典问题。     

微吹气对湍流平板边界层流动特性的影响及其减阻机理

微吹气技术能够改变平板湍流流场结构,减小平板表面的摩擦阻力。采用直接数值模拟方法,计算了来流马赫数0.7条件下,流场流过光滑平板和NASA-PN2多孔平板表面两种情况,通过对比这两个算例的相关流场特征,验证了微吹气控制减阻的有效性,局部最大减阻率达到了45%,并且由于微吹气控制的"记忆"功能,减阻效果在微吹气流域下游仍会持续一段距离,增加了减阻区域的流向面积。壁湍流摩擦减阻的原因在于近壁区域出现了一个低速的"湍流斑",黏性底层厚度增加,速度型曲线被抬升。但与此同时,边界层内湍流速度脉动也得到了增强。进一步对流向脉动涡演化规律分析,发现微吹气对流向脉动涡发挥着多重作用。在增加流向脉动涡强度的同时,还使得流向涡团向远离壁面抬升,这样减小了流向涡与壁面之间直接作用。此外,微吹射流产生的冲击作用会在流向涡表面留下凹痕,使得流向涡分散成相对小的涡团结构。     

基于主被动量子关联成像的超分辨抗干扰探测系统研制

针对大气湍流以及不同光照条件下难以成像的问题,提出了基于空间光场调制的主被动量子关联成像方案。研制了超分辨抗干扰的主被动量子关联成像原理样机,并完成了超分辨、抗大气湍流以及不同光照条件下的外场实验,验证了主被动量子关联成像原理样机的全天时抗干扰成像能力,实现了超分辨的远距离成像探测。本方案为远距离遥感、极弱背景探测提供了一种有效的成像技术手段。     

战术无人机总体与性能参数相关性分析

按照飞行器设计的基本原理并结合无人机特点,对侦察、监视类战术无人机总体参数与性能参数进行了相关性分析,找出了两者可能存在的数学关系,得到10个经验公式和一些重要参数的取值范围,可为战术无人机的概念设计提供有用的数据和参考。