保载条件下FGH95材料的疲劳特性及寿命建模

针对FGH95粉末冶金材料进行了650℃时不同保载形式(拉伸保载、压缩保载和拉压保载)的疲劳试验, 分析了其变形特征和疲劳寿命分布特征以及保载对疲劳寿命的影响.并据此, 为改进保载条件下疲劳寿命的建模, 提出了迟滞环位置-形状修正因子的概念, 进而得到了一种修正的非弹性应变能~寿命方程.经对该材料疲劳试验寿命的建模和计算分析表明:该方法相比其他几种工程上经常采用的寿命预测方程, 较好地解决粉末冶金材料高温保载疲劳时的寿命建模问题, 且该方程对试验寿命预测的精度更高, 形式简单, 具有明显的物理意义.      

变几何径向透平损失模型及其分析

基于99 mm叶轮实验, 分析了变几何径向透平静叶的各种损失以及不同的损失模型.给出了变几何透平静叶冲角损失的定量分析.通过计算对比不同静叶喉部宽度下叶道边界层摩擦损失, 验证了Glass-man模型在计算叶片流道损失时, 与试验结果是相符的.基于NASA损失模型分析了径向透平静叶的尾缘损失, 损失随着出口边厚度呈线性增加, 减小出口边厚度是减小尾缘损失的有效方法.      

Operating characteristics of a high radius pre-swirl cooling system

An experimental investigation into pre-swirl effectiveness and receiver hole discharge coefficient characteristics for a high radius injection pre-swirl cooling systems was carried out on a physically representative experimental rig with a 450 mm diameter rotor.The receiver holes and pre-swirl nozzle were located at a radius of 181 mm and 180 mm respectively.The experimental work was mainly conducted at 5 000～12 000 r/min,4 bar absolute pressure and 1.132 kg/s air supply.The maximum air supply temperature was 190 ℃.Pressure and temperature distributions in the pre-swirl system were examined with an emphasis on the velocity effectiveness of the pre-swirl system as a whole and on the discharge coefficients of the rotating 'receiver holes' in the rotor.The results showed that the velocity effectiveness increased with increasing swirl ratio resulting in reduced blade cooling flow temperature.Different seal flow configurations caused very different effectiveness at different speeds,but outflow through the inner and outer seals always gave the highest effectiveness compared other configurations.Increasing the seal flow rate reduced the effectiveness.For the coefficient of discharge,except for the low speed range,it increased with increase in swirl ratio for most speeds.      

The role of AVDR in linear cascade testing

Linear cascade testing plays an important role in the research and development of turbomachinery and is widely used over the world.The ideal cascade model of a turbomachinery blade row is two-dimensional.In actual linear cascade testing, the flow through the test section converges due to the development of the boundary layer and secondary flow along the sidewall surfaces of the test section.Axial velocity density ratio(AVDR) is adopted to account for the deviation of the tested cascade flow from the ideal 2D model.Among numerous published cascade works, the influence of AVDR on cascade performance is seen to be complicated with many affecting factors, such as those related to cascade/blade geometry and flow conditions.Also, controlling AVDR is limited by the facility capability.Furthermore, real blade-to-blade flow in turbomachines is usually associated with AVDR greater than unity due to limited span of blades between the hub and shroud such that cascade testing without reducing AVDR could be favored sometimes.All these facets add complexity and diversification to the matter.The current paper reviews previous studies and results on AVDR.Consolidated understanding on the role of AVDR and recommendations on how to deal with it in linear cascade testing are provided.      

基于粒子群神经网络的轮盘优化

将粒子群算法(PSO)和BP神经网络相结合, 构建了一种新型智能结构优化算法.PSO方法除用于结构优化外, 还被用于BP神经网络的构造及网络训练, 使之可自适应调整优化.结构优化中, 以BP神经网络取代有限元方法, 通过设计变量来映射目标函数和约束, 从而大大提高了计算速度.将此方法用于轮盘结构优化, 使得轮盘体积减少了17.5%, 结果通过检验.该方法便捷、高效, 为解决工程结构优化问题提供了一个新途径.      

基于网格变形技术的涡轮叶片变形传递

为实现学科耦合,需要在涡轮叶片多学科设计优化的气动模型和结构模型之间传递温度、气压和变形等载荷.研究结构变形向气动网格传递的实现方法.参数空间插值方法解决耦合面网格不一致时的变形插值问题;网格变形技术用来调整气动网格内部节点的位置,保证变形传递后的网格质量.某涡轮叶片变形传递实例的表明:该方法能够用于多学科设计优化问题中的变形传递.      

内冷涡轮叶栅三维气热耦合数值模拟

为了研究涡轮动叶的内部冷却技术,对采用绝热边界的实心叶片、采用气热耦合的实心叶片和采用气热耦合的空冷叶片进行了研究.发现叶片导热对叶片温度场的影响相当显著;具有带肋蛇形通道和涡流矩阵肋片的内冷结构能使叶片温度大幅下降,但叶片表面温度分布不均匀性增大,换热系数沿叶片表面呈不规则分布.      

某重型燃气轮机放气活门及排气管路的改进设计

针对某重型燃气轮机放气系统放气活门在结构设计上存在的问题,经过分析和论证,提出了改进方案,通过计算验证了该方案可以实施。     

燃气轮机滚动轴承故障模式及延寿方法

分析了燃气轮机滚动轴承常见的10种故障模式及其产生原因,研究了相应的延寿方法及其延寿机理。     

叶片冷却的静叶时序对涡轮的性能影响

燃气轮机工作过程中上游叶片的尾迹会周期性地扫掠下游叶片,这使得下游叶栅通道内的流场呈现显著的非定常性。而时序效应作为一种典型的非定常流动现象,已受到国内外学者的广泛关注。本文研究双级气冷涡轮,利用全三维非定常数值仿真的方法分析了第1级与第2级静叶之间的时序位置对涡轮流量和效率的影响。计算结果表明处于不同时序位置下的涡轮第2级静叶叶身冷气流量的差异可达15.6%,涡轮41截面效率和热效率的波动幅值则分别达到了0.33%和0.26%。涡轮冷气流量的变化一定程度上影响了41截面效率,但时序位置对下游叶栅通道流动损失的影响才是造成涡轮效率差异的主要原因。