GJB 150.3A中高温试验程序剖析(一):GJB 150A/150高温试验程序及其相互关系

文章分两部分就GJB 150.3A《军用装备实验室环境试验方法 第3部分:高温试验》中的高温日循环贮存和日循环工作,高温恒温贮存和恒温工作试验模拟的环境、适用对象及其特点进行详细分析。第一部分着重介绍GJB 150.3A的各试验程序及其与GJB 150.3和MIL-STD-810C中各试验程序的关系;第二部分对GJB 150.3A提供的自然和诱发的温度日循环数据作为贮存或工作试验条件可应用于哪类设备进行说明,并对目前GJB 150.3A在型号工程应用中一些疑问、误解和问题进行分析和说明。     

火箭基组合循环发动机性能迭代算法研究

火箭基组合循环(简称RBCC)发动机性能分析模型的研究对于RBCC发动机结构的优化设计具有重要意义。本文结合RBCC发动机的结构特点和工作原理建立了RBCC发动机性能分析模型,并对RBCC发动机性能计算方法进行了研究。结合RBCC发动机引射模态和亚燃冲压模态的工作特点,通过迭代计算使进气道、混合段、燃烧室之间的参数耦合,实现了对RBCC发动机引射模态与亚燃冲压模态性能的快速分析。文章通过算例验证了算法的可行性,并通过与文献结果的对比验证了计算结果的可信度。     

Stress-controlled LCF experiments and ratcheting behaviour simulation of a nickel-based single crystal superalloy with [001] orientation

Uniaxial ratcheting behaviour and low cycle fatigue (LCF) failure mechanism of nickel-based single crystal superalloy DD6 with [001] orientation are investigated through the stress-controlled LCF tests with stress ratio of −1. Then the deformation behaviour during the whole-lifetime from the beginning of the experiment to the fracture of the specimen, as well as the fractographic/metallographic morphology, are compared with the strain-controlled LCF experimental results. Through the scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations, it is shown that the failure characteristics under stress-controlled LCF loading are similar with those under strain-controlled loading. Nevertheless, unlike strain-controlled LCF loading, even under fully reversed cycle loading for stress-controlled LCF, DD6 shows significant ratcheting behaviour due to the tension-compression asymmetry. In addition, the LCF lifetimes under stress control are significantly shorter than the LCF lifetimes under strain control, and the culprit might be the detrimental effect of ratcheting strain on LCF lifetime. Based on these phenomena, an improved crystal plasticity constitutive model on the basis of slip-based Walker constitutive model is developed through modifying the kinematic hardening rule in order to overcome the inaccurate prediction of decelerating stage and stable stage of ratcheting behaviour. Furthermore, combining the continuum damage mechanics, a damage-coupled crystal plasticity constitutive model is proposed to reflect the damage behaviour of DD6 and the accelerating stage of ratcheting behaviour. The simulation results for the stress-controlled LCF deformation behaviour including the whole-lifetime ratcheting behaviour show good agreement with the experimental data.     

Solar proton events recorded in the stratosphere during cosmic ray balloon observations in 1957–2008

Long-term balloon observations have been performed by the Lebedev Physical Institute since 1957 up to the present time. The observations are taken several times a week at the polar and mid latitudes and allow us to study dynamics of galactic and solar cosmic ray as well as secondary particle fluxes in the atmosphere and in the near-Earth space. Solar energetic particles (120) – mostly protons – (SEP) events with >100 MeV proton intensity above 1 cm⁻² s⁻¹ s⁻¹ were recorded during 1958–2006. Before the advent of the SEP monitoring on spacecraft these results constituted the only homogeneous series of >100 MeV SEP events. The SEP intensities and energy spectra inferred from the Lebedev Physical Institute observations are consistent with the results taken in the adjacent energy intervals by the spacecraft and neutron monitors. Joint consideration of the SEP events series recorded by balloons and by neutron monitors during solar cycles 20–23 makes it possible to restore the probable number of events in solar cycle 19, which was not properly covered by observations. Some correlation was found between duration of SEP event production in a solar cycle and sunspot cycle characteristics.     

基于比例危险-比例优势模型的加速寿命试验设计

将基于信息的优化方法引入基于非参数模型的加速寿命试验优化设计中,针对恒定应力和步进应力两种应力加载方式,分别给出了基于比例危险-比例优势模型的试验优化设计方法.通过对数似然函数建立Fisher信息矩阵和方差-协方差矩阵,并采用基于信息的优化方法建立最优化问题.这种试验优化设计方法可以有效地提高模型参数评估精度,并且避免了传统的优化方法(即将一个与可靠性相关的函数的渐进方差在一个给定区间内的积分值作为优化目标)当目标函数中给定的积分区间变化时将得到不同优化结果的局限.最后给出了应用该方法进行加速寿命试验优化设计的仿真实例.     

三轮升压式高压除水系统焓参数法性能计算

针对传统空气循环制冷系统热力参数匹配计算方法复杂的缺点,引入焓参数法建立了三轮升压式高压除水制冷系统匹配计算模型,简化了系统状态点中湿工况点的计算过程.并用所建模型进行了匹配计算,得到了系统各状态点的热力参数,计算结果表明采用焓参数法进行匹配计算,简化了计算过程.通过对系统性能分析表明系统存在最佳水当量比;三轮功率比参数增加,压气机增压比和涡轮膨胀比下降.      

1+1/2对转涡轮非定常流动数值模拟

为了掌握对转涡轮内部的复杂流动以改进航空燃气轮机的设计,利用数值模拟手段对所设计的1+1/2对转涡轮内部非定常流动进行了研究,将定常和非定常结果进行了详细的对比分析,结果表明:非定常结果与定常结果相比出功比减小,总效率约减小0.44%,流量基本不变,其中尾迹、激波、位势作用以及泄漏流等因素之间的相互作用是影响非定常特性的主要因素.      

火箭基组合推进研究现状与前景

对国内外火箭基组合推进系统(RBCC)的研究动态和进展情况进行了总结,阐述了不同时期火箭基组合推进研究计划的重点和所取得的研究成果。分析了火箭基组合推进系统涉及的多项关键技术及其研究进展。论述了火箭基组合推进在两级入轨可重复使用天地往返系统、临近空间及空天飞行器和单级入轨方面的应用前景,并对国内这方面的研究提出了建议。     

旋转对带斜肋和双排孔通道孔流量系数影响

为了获得工作叶片内部通道布置斜肋情况下的气膜孔流量系数,利用商业软件对带60°肋和双排气膜孔出流的旋转矩形通道内的流场进行了数值模拟.通道入口雷诺为数60 000,罗斯贝数为0,0.11,0.22,气膜孔总出流比0.22.通道静止时,计算结果与实验数据符合较好,左侧孔和右侧孔的流量系数差别不大.通道顺时针旋转时,两个孔的平均流量系数增加90%左右,左侧孔流量系数是右侧孔流量系数的4～5倍.通道逆时针旋转时,两个孔的平均流量系数减小10%左右,左侧孔和右侧孔流量系数基本相同.      

Research on the intelligent design system for investment casting die of aero-engine turbine blade based on knowledge

To solve the problems in turbine blade investment casting die design process such as long design time,lacking of expert experience and low level of intelligence,knowledge-based engineering (KBE) was introduced in the turbine blade investment casting die design field. The key technologies of the intelligent design method were researched and a prototype system was developed. A hybrid reasoning model was prompted in which case-based reasoning (CBR) was applied to conceptual design and rule-based reasoning (RBR) was applied to parts design after research the design process and domain knowledge of casting die. In the conceptual design stage,a retrieval model which integrated nearest neighbor approach and knowledge-based retrieval approach was prompted to improve the retrieval efficiency. Meanwhile,RBR was used to modify the retrieval result. The practical application results indicate that this system can reuse the expert experience efficiently and heighten the die design efficiency and quality.