利用飞参数据实现飞机机体结构寿命的动态监控

首先,通过对某型直升机重心法向过载飞参数据的研究得到直升机在实际飞行中的重心过载谱;然后,发展了一种基于飞参数据的名义应力法并对某机群中的每架直升机进行了相对疲劳损伤的计算,计算结果比较符合实际情况;最后,对由相对损伤计算得到的寿命进行了可靠性分析,分析表明机体结构的寿命管理是个动态的过程,利用飞参数据实现从定时维修到...     

基于无线射频标签技术在民用飞机维修的研究

介绍了射频识别读写器的组成和工作原理,"基于RFID的民用飞行维修系统"是一个集"智能数据库技术、射频识别技术、安全技术与网络技术、有线及无线网络技术"等高新技术与实用技术为一体的监测与管理信息系统.该系统把飞行安全检测、飞机部件全程追踪、基于网络的信息平台集成与管理等有机结合.技术领域交叉、研究成果实用.将RFID技...     

财务会计中的"能量守恒和转化定律"

会计对象是资金运动,而资金运动的实质是各种生产要素在企业内按一定的工艺过程在"劳动"的作用下形成产成品,最终通过市场进行交易又回到运动的起点的过程.劳动是一个自然的、社会的和劳动者本身相结合的做功过程,因此产品的形成过程,就是一个能量转化的过程.产品本身是过去劳动和现在劳动所做功的能量的凝结,交换过程是过去能量的释放,同时又从主体之外吸收能量的过程.财务会计在此过程中的作用是以其特有的方法,运用货币计量手段,按"能量守恒和转化定律"的观念,对企业内能量的转化过程进行连续的确认、计量、记录和报告.     

目标成本管理在汽车零部件行业应用研究

汽车零部件行业生命周期相对固定、事先确定销售价格、产量预测较为明确等特点使该行业具有目标成本管理的先天优势。而一个产品在生命期必然面对客户每年提出的降价要求,因此如果简单地运用目标价格扣减目标利润的公式难以真正实现产品盈利的目标。文章认为目标成本的确定应该结合产品生命期内的现金流分析,在满足项目评价指标的前提下,在整个生命期内对产品进行成本规划。文章以KD公司为案例企业,对其基于产品生命期现金流的目标成本管理的具体应用方法进行了研究,肯定了其取得的良好效果。     

Signature of the 11-Year Cycle in the Upper Atmosphere

In the last 45 years I have studied the thermal structure of the atmosphere from the thermosphere down to the stratosphere, and found evidence of its variability in relationship with the change of solar irradiation during the 11-year solar cycle. I would review, in the light of recent model results, the measurements which I had made since the 1960s and which, for some of them, did not find any explanation at the time of their publication. The data were obtained by two different techniques, rockets and lidars and correspond to different regions of the atmosphere from the upper thermosphere to the stratosphere. The expectation was until recently that the atmosphere should be warmed by an increase of solar flux in the course of the solar cycle due to the increase of UV flux. It has been shown to be the case in the tropical stratosphere and at all latitudes in the upper thermosphere. But, at high and mid latitudes and at other altitudes, the reverse situation was found to exist and, until recently, this cooling observed in parts of the atmosphere with increasing solar flux had never been simulated by models. In addition to reviewing our own data, the paper will present recent results using other dataset which support our observations. It is only recently that we succeeded with a model able to tune the forcing by planetary waves at the tropopause level and thus reproduce such behaviour.     

航空活塞发动机机体疲劳优化设计方法

机体可靠性差是航空活塞发动机适航取证过程中的技术难题。以某型发动机下机体为研究对象,通 过模型仿真得到机体的瞬态载荷曲线并进行拟合,按实际安装对其进行约束,采用 Goodman方法进行高周疲 劳分析,计算机体疲劳安全系数;提出一种分离式主轴盖的设计方法,优化下机体结构,在相同载荷的条件进行 对比分析;采用威布尔数学模型对机体可靠性指标进行计算验证,并对优化后的机体进行耐久测试。结果表 明:下机体疲劳安全系数、整机寿命、可靠性大幅提升,该设计方法对提高类似结构可靠性有一定的借鉴意义。     

ADN基推力器热回浸对毛细管微尺度流动特性影响的数值模拟研究

小推力ADN基推力器在工作中,其毛细管内的推进剂容易在壁面传热作用下发生相变,进而影响推力器的正常工作。为了深入理解推进剂在毛细管内的相变和流动特性,采用三维数值模拟方法对毛细管微尺度流动和相变特性进行计算。计算考虑了毛细管与喷注器内的流固耦合传热、推进剂相变过程。推进剂相变采用Lee模型,气液体积分数的求解和气液界面捕捉重构采用VOF-CSF方法。本文首次采用VOF模型耦合Lee相变模型计算了ADN基推进剂在毛细管内的相变过程,并结合气泡空间分布仿真结果得到了质量流量和热回浸温度对流动特性的影响规律。计算结果显示,受到ADN基推进剂的冷却作用,毛细管内壁面温度要略低于外表面。毛细管内的气泡形成于弯管处,其体积沿着毛细管轴向下游逐渐增加,采取散热措施可减少并推迟气泡的形成。随着ADN基推进剂质量流量的降低或下游热回浸温度的增加,毛细管内的气泡均显著增加,且形成区域更接近上游区域。当热回浸温度从800K增加至1100K时,毛细管内的气泡体积从25.6mm~3增加至58.7mm~3。     

Unsteady experimental and numerical investigation of aerodynamic performance in ultra-high-lift LPT

Detailed experimental and numerical investigations were performed for an ultra-high-lift front-loaded low-pressure turbine cascade (Zw = 1.58) with periodic wakes. The interaction mechanisms between the incoming wakes and endwall secondary flow were carefully examined. Wakes were produced by moving upstream rods, and flow field downstream of the cascade was measured using a seven-hole probe. Experimental results revealed that incoming wakes influenced not only the boundary layer development of the blade suction surface but also the complex endwall secondary vortex structures. On the suction surface: Incoming wakes clearly suppressed the suction side separation bubble at a low Reynolds number of 25000. Nevertheless, the effects of different wake passing frequencies were not significantly different at Re = 100000, and the profile losses under wake passing were even greater than in the absence of wakes. At the endwalls: Incoming wakes more strongly suppressed secondary flow at Re = 100000 than at Re = 25000, because the low-momentum fluid inside the incoming wakes clearly increased the endwall cross-passage pressure gradient at Re = 25000. The experimental results indicated that periodic wakes decreased the passage vortex and counter vortex core strength by 25% and 30%, respectively, at Re = 100000. Instantaneous results also demonstrated that endwall secondary vortices decreased significantly near the position of wakes passing.     

旋转状态边界层速度场及温度场特性实验

针对涡轮转子叶片内冷技术,使用TR-PIV(time resolved particle image velocimetry)技术与热线技术同步原位测量了壁面加热条件下旋转通道内边界层速度场和温度场特性。结果显示:旋转数大于0.48时前缘面附近出现了回流现象,并从受力分析的角度给出了解释;回流区一般出现于流场下游、较大密度比、较高旋转数下,可以利用回流区的影响达到增强前缘面换热的目的;得到了旋转条件下无量纲温度型、温度脉动量和努塞尔数的变化规律,可以看出湍流边界层内部的温度场分布在旋转效应的影响下产生了强烈的不对称性,与静止条件下的标准规律相比会产生一定的偏差。     

星载ADS-B相关研究进展及展望

星载ADS-B技术作为未来空中交通管制的重要技术,可以克服地面设备难以在荒漠、远洋、极地等地部署的难题.星载ADS-B具有侦收范围广、可全球覆盖的特点,由此各国纷纷展开相关研究.针对星载ADS-B技术特点,进行了星载ADS-B相关研究进展的调查.首先综述了星载ADS-B原理及相关卫星研究情况;其次围绕天线技术、射频电路...