平流层飞艇飞行控制研究综述

综述了平流层飞艇控制研究的最新成果和发展动态,系统分析了反馈线性化控制、变结构控制、自适应控制、智能控制等方法的特点及其在飞艇控制系统设计中的研究应用现状。在总结已有研究成果的基础上,针对平流层飞艇的环境特性和应用特点,提出了需进一步研究的重难点问题,包括多物理场耦合与协调控制、上升段航迹优化与控制、异类执行机构复合控制等,并对今后的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Light weight optimization of stratospheric airship envelope based on reliability analysis

A stratospheric airship is an essential flight vehicle in the aviation field. In this paper, optimal design approach of stratospheric airships is developed to optimize envelope shape considering three failure modes and multidisciplinary analysis models, and could also reduce the mass of a stratospheric airship to be deployed at a specific location. Based on a theoretical analysis, three failure modes of airships including bending wrinkling failure, hoop tearing failure and bending kink failure, are given to describe and illustrate the failure mechanism of stratospheric airships. The results show that the location, length and size of the local uniform load and the large fineness ratio are easier to lead to bending wrinkling failure and bending kink failure. The small fineness ratio and the increasing differential pressure are more prone to cause hoop tearing failure for an airship hull. The failure probability is sensitive to the wind field. From an optimization design, the reliability analysis is essential to be carried out based on the safety of the airship. The solution in this study can provide economical design recommendations.     

柔性飞艇主气囊湿模态分析及试验研究

大型柔性飞艇是临近空间“长驻空”重要平台,具有重要的国防及民用价值,是近年来浮空器结构工程领域研究的热点之一。主气囊是柔性飞艇核心结构部件,为了研究大型柔性飞艇主气囊周边流场对其模态性能的影响,将柔性飞艇主气囊内、外气体视为不可压缩流体,将空气随囊体振动的影响作为附加质量添加到囊体结构中,采用基于势流理论的附加质量计算方法完成主气囊在5种不同内压下的干、湿模态分析;通过模态试验测得该主气囊内压在2、4、6、8和10 kPa下的前三阶振型及频率。结果表明：干、湿模态的前3阶频率均随内压的增加而增大;同种内压下,计入囊体周围空气的附加质量后,主气囊的湿模态频率降低。     

单项技术指标对临近空间浮空器总体尺度的影响

 为了控制浮空器的尺度、降低其技术难度和成本,需要明确其瓶颈性技术领域及参数指标。在一定假设下,给出了一套给定参数估算常规飞艇形式浮空器总体几何尺度的计算流程。基于这一流程,以一组普通产品技术指标为基础,分别提升其中每一项后估算得到不同技术指标配置方案下浮空器的总体尺度。通过分析这些计算结果,得到了单项技术指标对飞艇形式临近空间浮空器总体尺度的影响规律。     

临近空间浮空器总体参数的优化设计研究

临近空间飞行器是目前新概念飞行器发展的一个热点,本文研究了临近空间浮空器设计过程中对其在总体参数进行几何尺度控制的相关问题。在一定的基本假设和约束条件下,给出了一套参数估算常规飞艇形式临近空间浮空器的总体几何尺度的计算流程。利用这一流程进行计算,得到了几项单项技术指标对于该种类型浮空器总体尺度的影响规律,讨论了控制缩减总体尺度可以优先发展的技术领域。最后分析了载重量对于浮空器尺度的影响情况。     

Robust three-dimensional path-following control for an under-actuated stratospheric airship

This paper proposes a robust three-dimensional (3-D) path-following controller for an under-actuated stratospheric airship in the presence of uncertainties. The resultant control system exhibits an inner-outer loop control structure. In the outer control loop, the path-following error dynamics is constructed in a moving Serret-Frenet frame and a new guidance law with the sideslip and attack angle compensation is designed, which decreases the path-following steady-state error. In the inner control loop, a disturbance observer based backstepping control law is proposed to achieve the desired dynamic behavior on the path. Furthermore, a new velocity tracking control strategy is developed which aligns the resultant velocity tangent to the path. Finally, numerical simulation results are shown to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

一种小型无人复合式升力飞艇的设计与验证

提出一种小型无人复合式升力飞艇的设计方案,艇身为采用设计对称翼型的升力体,横截面呈椭圆形,艇翼面可倾转至垂直状态或水平状态,能够满足起飞或平飞需要.通过数值分析确定整体气动布局、升力体艇囊的设计及机翼与浮升体气动设计优化.同时提出艇囊分割分块设计制作方法,解决吊舱、机翼与艇身的连接.通过FLUENT软件计算复合飞艇的气动特性,并与相同体积的传统飞艇的气动特性进行了比较.仿真结果表明:设计的复合飞艇飞行阻力小,升力性能优越,最大升阻比迎角为8°,失速迎角可达16°,制作的缩比模型验证了设计方案的可行性.     

浮力驱动飞艇在三维空间中一种基于奇摄动理论的移动质量块控制方法

对浮力驱动飞艇在三维空间中的姿态和航向控制提出了一种解决方法.介绍了建立该飞艇八自由度数学模型的方法.基于最大反馈线性化方法推导了纵向平面和侧向平面的非线性反馈控制,证明了内部的动态稳定性.通过奇摄动理论叠加在两个平面的控制,推导出一种三维运动控制方法.基于该控制方法,对飞艇跟踪指定姿态,航向和速度进行了仿真.     

半硬式平流层飞艇龙骨结构设计与有限元分析

文章基于内部带有龙骨的半硬式平流层飞艇的结构设计,应用ANSYS有限元分析软件建立了龙骨的计算模型。对约束条件以及结构单元参数进行了分析,得到了龙骨结构在重力载荷作用下的应力和变形。计算结果符合结构设计规范的要求,可以为半硬式平流层飞艇的结构设计提供参考。     

Multi-disciplinary design optimization with variable complexity modeling for a stratosphere airship

This paper proposes a hybrid architecture based on Multi-disciplinary Design Optimization(MDO) with the Variable Complexity Modeling(VCM) method, to solve the problem of general design optimization for a stratosphere airship. Firstly, MDO based on the Concurrent SubSpace Optimization(CSSO) strategy is improved for handling the subsystem coupling problem in stratosphere airship design which contains aerodynamics, structure, and energy. Secondly, the VCM method based on the surrogate model is presented for reducing the computational complexity in high-fidelity modeling without loss of accuracy. Moreover, the global-to-local optimization strategy is added to the architecture to enhance the process. Finally, the result gives a prominent stratosphere airship general solution that validates the feasibility and efficiency of the optimization architecture. Besides, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to outline the critical impact upon stratosphere airship design.