热处理方式对石墨纤维性能的影响

研究了分步热处理对石墨纤维力学性能及微观结构的影响,并采用Raman光谱分析了石墨纤维的皮芯结构程度。结果发现:在相同处理条件下,分步热处理有利于石墨纤维拉伸强度和体密度的提高,而其对弹性模量的影响则较小。分步热处理所得石墨纤维的表面石墨化程度较低,内部石墨化程度较高,其皮芯结构因子较大,说明其均质性更好一些。因此,分步热处理有利于提高石墨纤维的致密性和均质性,从而提高其拉伸强度。     

肼推进剂废气处理系统设计

为吸收某型号发动机地面试验尾气中所含的肼和氨气,设计了肼推进剂废气处理系统,处理后的气体达到可排入大气的标准。文章介绍了肼分解废气处理的7种常用方法,经比较选择使用处理液喷淋的方法。废气处理系统实际达到的技术参数为:对空自运行流量944 Nm~3/h;发动机试车状态下经过处理的废气中肼含量0.001 2 mg/m~3,氨含量为0.032 6~0.057 mg/m~3(厂界值,共检测4点)。检测结果大大优于国家相关标准要求。经过数十次发动机地面试验的实践证明,系统能够满足用户使用要求,并且操作简便、运行可靠、免于维护。     

37SiMnCrNiMoVA薄钢板的热处理

模拟某高速飞行器筒体的生产工艺过程，对厚度为１．２ｍｍ的３７ＳｉＭｎＣｒＮｉＭｏＶＡ薄钢板，按不同热处理规范进行热处理，并观察其金相组织，测出机械力学性能。经过对比、分析，得到了该薄钢板的最佳热处理规范，从而提高了该筒体的产品质量。     

Microstructure evolution of a hypereutectic Nb–Ti–Si–Cr–Al–Hf alloy processed by directional solidification

In this work, the Nb–14Si–24Ti–10Cr–2Al–2Hf–0.1Y alloy(at.%) was processed by the liquid–metal-cooled directional solidification(DS) at 1750 C with withdrawal rates of 1.2, 6,18 mm/min and post heat treatment(HT) at 1450 C for 10 h. The microstructures of the directionally solidified and heat treated samples were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of directionally solidified alloy mainly consists of petaloid Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics and Ti-rich Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics. With the increase of withdrawal rate, the primary Nb5Si3is eliminated, Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectic cells turn round and connected with the microstructure refinement and Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics turn to a river-like morphology. After heat treatment,Nbss+ Nb5Si3+ Cr2Nb eutectics disappeared and petaloid Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics turn to a specific fiber-mesh structure gradually, which is promoted by higher withdrawal rates. Furthermore,both the volume fraction of Cr2Nb and the content of Cr in Nbssof Nbss+ Nb5Si3eutectics change regularly with the increase of withdrawal rate and heat treatment at 1450 C for 10 h.     

波音飞机OIL CANNING损伤研究

根据对波音飞机Oil Canning损伤处理的经验,并参考波音手册和相关文献资料的说明,对波音飞机Oil Canning损伤的成因、特征和修理进行深入研究,旨在使业界同行能够准确判断此损伤并采取正确合理的处理措施,保障航空安全,提高维修效率。     

Failure treatment strategy and fault-tolerant path planning of a space manipulator with free-swinging joint failure

Aiming at a space manipulator with free-swinging joint failure, a failure treatment strategy and fault-tolerant path planning method is proposed in this paper. This method can realize failure treatment of a space manipulator with free-swinging joint failure through determination of the optimal locked joint angle and dynamics model reconfiguration. Fault-tolerant path planning is realized by the establishment of the degraded workspace with integrated kinematics performance (DWWIKP) and an improved A-Star (A1) algorithm. This paper has the following contributions. The determination of the optimal locked joint angle can ensure that the manipulator is able to continue follow-up tasks while maximizing the workspace of the manipulator after locking the fault joint. Underactuated control of a high degree-of-freedom (DOF) manipulator can be effectively solved through dynamics model reconfiguration. The analysis process of the dynamics coupling relationship can be applied to cases where the active joint and the passive joint are parallel or perpendicular to each other. The establishment of the DWWIKP can demonstrate the kinematics performance of the manipulator in both joint space and operation space comprehensively. The improved A1 algorithm based on the integrated kinematics performance index (IKPI) can search a fault-tolerant task trajectory that satisfies the requirements of reachability and the overall kinematics performance simultaneously. The method proposed in this paper is verified by a 7-DOF manipulator, and it is available to any DOF manipulator with free-swinging joint failure.     

航天用碳纳米管增强铝合金复合材料的力学与阻尼性能

碳纳米管(CNT)作为增强体的铝基复合材料(CNT/Al)具有轻质、高强、高模量、易加工的性能优势,用作轻量化材料在航天航空领域具有巨大的应用前景。为了获得兼顾其力学性能和阻尼性能的轻量化结构材料,采用叠片粉末冶金与合金化方法制备了质量分数为1.5% CNT/2A12复合材料,并研究了不同时效条件下的力学性能与阻尼性能。在130 ℃时效6~14 h时,复合材料具有最佳的拉伸强度与延伸率,抗拉强度最高可达595 MPa(时效12 h),延伸率最高可达14.0%(时效8 h)。复合材料的阻尼在0~180 ℃时变化不大,其在0.005左右,180~300 ℃时明显提高,300 ℃时可达0.05,阻尼性能受时效时间影响不大。复合材料的储存模量随测试温度升高而下降,在180~300 ℃时随振动频率升高而升高。时效条件为130 ℃-8 h时,质量分数1.5% CNT/2A12复合材料性能兼具良好的力学性能与阻尼性能。     

热处理对BT25 Y钛合金组织和性能的影响

本文研究了不同的固溶温度、固溶后冷却速度以及热暴露对BT25Y钛合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,BT25Y钛合金于950℃固溶属于α β两相区固溶,其组织由初生等轴α相和片状α β相组成,硬度随冷速的增大而增大,但随着热暴露时间的延长,在40小时时硬度达到最大值,而后降低;而990℃固溶属于β区固溶,由β相降温分解的α β两相组成,硬度较950℃固溶高,也随冷速的增大而增大,但随着热暴露时间的的延长,硬度在30小时时达到最低值,而后持续增大。     

A multi-parameter model of heat treatment process for soft magnetic materials on performance of HSERs

Material properties play an important role in the performance of electromagnetic mechanism. For an aeronautic Hermetically-Sealed Electromagnetic Relay (HSER), more than 50% parts are made of soft magnetic materials. Therefore, the performance of soft magnetic materials directly determines the static and dynamic characteristics of the HSER. Based on the theory of crystal recrystallization, this paper analyzes cold extrusion and heat treatment in the processing of soft magnetic materials, simulates the grain change process of an armature at different heat treatment temperatures, establishes a correlation model of temperature, grain size, and magnetic energy, and verifies results by scanning electron microscopy. Results of heat treatment temperatures from 800 °C to 920 °C are obtained and compared. A sample soft magnetic material after heat treatment at different temperatures has the largest difference in the initial magnetization range, up to 22%. In order to verify the fluctuation of the overall output characteristics of an HSER caused by the difference between soft magnetic materials, a static and dynamic analysis model of a typical HSER is established, and the accuracy of the model is verified by a set of actual test system. The difference of dynamic characteristics under different heat treatment temperatures is nearly 3%.     

Ti/CFRP超混杂层板的研究与应用展望

Ti/CFRP超混杂层板具有高比强度、高损伤容限及优异的疲劳性能,是航空航天领域的重要选材对象之一。界面性能决定了层板综合力学性能的好坏,是Ti/CFRP层板目前的研究热点。首先综述了钛和钛合金不同表面处理工艺;然后介绍了Ti/CFRP层板力学性能试验及理论预报的研究现状;最后通过分析Ti/CFRP层板航空航天领域的现有应用情况,展望了Ti/CFRP层板未来潜在的应用方向。