对流层雷暴源所产生的柱形重力波

已有充分的证据表明, 大气对流层的雷暴迹象是大气中间层重力波活动的显著代表源.在雷暴迹象的上方, 通过火箭已观测到大气中间层出现的热效应, 也已通过雷 达探测到大气平流层出现的上行重力波, 从地面和卫星平台上观察到夜间气辉有序而 成环状的重力波波形. 所有这些实验结果都与位于观测点下方的雷暴活动有紧密联系. 此类雷暴通常主要集中在中国东部沿海以及地球其他沿海海湾地域. 关于此类雷暴对大 气中间层的影响尚未被充分研究和了解. 为能有效地探究其成因, 利用所开发的一个二维计算机数值模型模拟和研究大气对流层的雷暴源所引发的上行重力波, 进而揭示 此类重力波产生的基本物理机理, 及其在大气中间层的能量耗散. 通过模拟研究发现, 雷暴源可以大面积高强度地聚集和释放积雨云的能量, 当这种周期性的对流变化引发大气对流层的不稳定性后, 就会有圆柱体重力波的产生和传播.      

Heating heavy ions in the polar corona by collisionless shocks: A one-dimensional simulation

Recently a new model for explaining the observations of preferential heating of heavy ions in the polar solar corona was proposed ( and ). In that model the ion energization mechanism is the ion reflection off supercritical quasi-perpendicular collisionless shocks in the corona and the subsequent acceleration by the motional electric field E = −V × B/c. The mechanism of heavy ion reflection is based on ion gyration in the magnetic overshoot of the shock. The acceleration due to the motional electric field is perpendicular to the magnetic field, giving rise to large temperature anisotropy with T_⊥ ? T_∥, in agreement with SoHO observations. Such a model is tested here by means of a one dimensional test particle simulation where ions are launched toward electric and magnetic profiles representing the shock transition. We study the dynamics of O⁵⁺, as representative of coronal heavy ions for Alfvénic Mach numbers of 2–4, as appropriate to solar corona. It is found that O⁵⁺ ions are easily reflected and gain more than mass proportional energy with respect to protons.     

正丁醇/煤油混合物非预混燃烧压力振荡特性

为探索生物混合燃料在燃气轮机燃烧室内的应用,将丁醇掺混入航空煤油中,根据燃烧室的实验结果构建熵波对流模型,定量分析其不同体积分数对燃烧室内压力振荡频率的影响。实验结果表明:在燃烧室进口压力1.98 MPa、温度600 K和油气比0.03下,随着丁醇所占体积分数增大,燃烧室内压力振荡频率逐渐下降,而幅值变化无明显规律。熵波对流模型结果与实验吻合较好,通过分析表明,不同燃料组分热值变化引起的对流时间改变,是燃烧室压力振荡频率变化的主要原因,为控制燃烧室内压力振荡提供了参考。      

Determination of the Kelvin-Helmholtz Wave Parameters on the Magnetopause in Single-spacecraft Observations

Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) waves are formed from the triggeringof the K-H instability on the magnetopause, which is a candidatemechanism for solar wind entry into the magnetosphere, especially undernorthward interplanetary magnetic field conditions. In this study, aK-H wave event was identified from the observation of probe Bof the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) mission on 15 May 2008. A new method to determinethe wave parameters of the K-H waves in single-spacecraft observationsis proposed. The dominant wave period is determined by three kinds ofspectrograms for three key parameters, namely the ion density, the iontemperature, and the z component of magnetic field. The phasevelocity is estimated by calculating the center-of-mass velocity of thedetected K-H vortex region. This approximation is validated bycomparison with other alternative methods. The method to determine thewave parameters is a first step to further study K-H wave properties and their relationship with interplanetaryconditions.      

An analytical model of prominence dynamics

Solar prominences are magnetic structures incarcerating cool and dense gas in an otherwise hot solar corona. Prominences can be categorized as quiescent and active. Their origin and the presence of cool gas ($～{10}^4$?K) within the hot ($～{10}^6\text{K}$) solar corona remains poorly understood. The structure and dynamics of solar prominences was investigated in a large number of observational and theoretical (both analytical and numerical) studies. In this paper, an analytic model of quiescent solar prominence is developed and used to demonstrate that the prominence velocity increases exponentially, which means that some gas falls downward towards the solar surface, and that Alfvén waves are naturally present in the solar prominences. These theoretical predictions are consistent with the current observational data of solar quiescent prominences.     

Effects of dust polarity and nonextensive electrons on the dust-ion acoustic solitons and double layers in earth atmosphere

Propagation of dustion acoustic solitary waves (DIASWs) and double layers is discussed in earth atmosphere, using the Sagdeev potential method. The best model for distribution function of electrons in earth atmosphere is found by fitting available data on different distribution functions. The nonextensive function with parameter $q=0.58$ provides the best fit on observations. Thus we analyze the propagation of localized waves in an unmagnetized plasma containing nonextensive electrons, inertial ions, and negatively/positively charged stationary dust. It is found that both compressive and rarefactive solitons as well as double layers exist depending on the sign (and the value) of dust polarity. Characters of propagated waves are described using the presented model.     

On the origin of cosmic rays in the spiral galaxy NGC 3310

The problem of cosmic ray production in the spiral galaxy NGC 3310 is addressed by analysing and comparing optical and radio continuum data. Tentative results indicate that on global scales relativistic electrons may be produced in the shock front associated with teh density wave while on local scales extreme population I objects may be producing them. It is inferred that the same conclusions apply to all cosmic rays produced in the disk.     

架空线自阻尼的测试方法

自阻尼是导线的基本特性之一。在高压架空导线防振设计中,自阻尼是一个基础数据。本文是介绍对导线自阻尼的三种测试方法。其中的“剪力法”是我们自己研创的新方法。文中不仅介绍了测量技术,还附有在我国第一次测出的 LGJQ-400型导线的自阻尼数据。     

超临界正癸烷同轴剪切喷注热声振荡数值模拟

以液体火箭发动机同轴剪切喷嘴燃烧室作为研究对象,对超临界压力下低温正癸烷向高温正癸烷喷注过程中,由于高温正癸烷被快速冷却导致密度剧烈变化进而引发的热声振荡现象进行数值模拟。研究了出口压力、高温正癸烷流动速度与温度、低温正癸烷喷注速度与温度对热声波振幅与频率的影响。结果表明：当高温正癸烷被快速冷却时,其自身体积快速收缩,同时由于附近高温正癸烷的惯性导致压力先增大后减小,快速交替变化,从而产生热声波在高温正癸烷中传播。热声波振幅与频率的大小主要由高温正癸烷在不同压力与温度下的热物性决定。热声波的频率随着高温正癸烷声速增大而增大;热声波的振幅由高温正癸烷的相对压力系数与温度变化率共同决定。     

色散和耗散对Alfven孤立波的影响

利用变数变换和解析积分的方法,分别找到了带色散项的DNLS方程和带耗散的MKdV方程的一类解析解,给出了存在孤立波的条件。