主流及掺混气温度对单涡/贫油驻涡燃烧室点火及熄火性能影响的试验

针对一种以煤油为燃料的单驻涡燃烧室,在前期研究的基础上针对驻涡燃烧室可应用于级间燃烧的情况进行了研究.试验中对仅采用凹腔供油的单驻涡燃烧室的点火及贫油熄火进行了研究.结果表明,掺混进气温度增加可以最大降低点火油气比20%左右,拓宽贫熄边界30%左右;对于这种结构和进气条件的燃烧室,主流气量则存在一个最佳值,使得点火总油气比最小.进口流速达到马赫数0.59时点火开始变得困难.      

航空发动机加力燃烧室技术及新颖结构方案

传统发动机加力燃烧室都采用V型火焰稳定器组织燃烧,自加力出现到第三代发动机,该方案一直得到了广泛应用。随着新一代歼击机性能指标的提高,发动机加力燃烧室需要新的突破才能满足更高推重比的要求。本文介绍了第三代、第四代发动机加力燃烧室的结构方案,并根据新一代加力燃烧室一体化设计思想,介绍了新颖加力燃烧室的结构方案。     

大雨对飞机气动性能的影响

大雨是影响飞行安全的重要天气因素,进场着陆的飞机由于遭遇暴雨而失控坠毁的事故经常发生。为此国外自８０年代起开展了模拟降雨环境下的风洞实验研究以确定大雨对飞机气动性能的影响。本文主要介绍国外在此领域进行的研究工作以及中国民航飞行学院在此方面的研究计划。     

采用蒸发管供油的驻涡燃烧室点火及贫油熄火特性

为了研究驻涡燃烧室拓宽燃烧边界的能力, 设计了一种驻涡燃烧室实验件, 并对其点火性能和贫油熄火特性进行了实验研究.驻涡燃烧室采用汽化器和蒸发管的组合作为供油方式, 以煤油为燃料, 实验中改变燃烧室的进口条件, 测试其点火极限和贫熄极限.实验结果表明, 采用蒸发管供油驻涡燃烧室具有良好的点火特性和贫油熄火性能.      

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研究了Nb离子注入的γ-TiAl合金在1123K和1173K空气中的高温循环氧化行为,用配有能谱仪的扫描电子显微镜对氧化层的形貌、显微结构进行了分析,用俄歇谱仪分析了注入元素和氧化层中各元素的分布.结果表明:Nb离子注入可以提高γ-TiAl合金的抗循环氧化性能.提高其抗氧化性能的主要原因归结于Nb离子在TiO₂中的掺杂作用.高价Nb的掺杂,降低了TiO₂的缺陷浓度,使TiO₂的生长受到抑制,在氧化初期形成了Al₂O₃保护层,从而推迟了氧化层的剥落时间.但Nb离子注入的γ-TiAl合金不具有长期的抗循环氧化性能.     

铁电材料研究进展及其在飞行器上的应用

铁电材料是具有驱动和传感 2种功能的机敏材料,可以块材、膜材 (薄膜和厚膜 )和复合材料等多种形式应用,在微电子机械和智能材料与结构系统中具有广阔的潜在应用市场。近年来铁电陶瓷材料获得很大发展,例如弛豫型铁电陶瓷,反铁电 -铁电相变型铁电陶瓷都取得了实际应用。铁电材料中大应变弛豫型铁电单晶材料研制成功,是近 50年来取得的突破性进展。主要介绍了智能材料与结构相关的铁电材料特点及其在飞行器上的应用前景     

Ionospheric losses of Venus in the solar wind

The nature of ionospheric losses from Venus is of essential importance for understanding the ionosphere dynamics of this unmagnetized planet. A plausible mechanism that can explain the escape of charged particles involves the solar wind interaction with the upper atmospheric layers of Venus. The hydrodynamic approach proposed for plasma expansion in the present study comprises two populations of positive ions and the neutralizing electrons, which interact with the solar wind electrons and protons. The fluid equations describing the plasma are solved numerically using a self-similar approach. The behavior of plasma density, velocity, and electric potential, as well as their reliance upon solar wind parameters have been examined. It is found that for noon midnight sites, the oxygen ion-to-electron relative density may be the main factor to enhance the ionic loss. However, the other parameters, like hydrogen density and solar wind density and velocity seem to do not stimulate the runaway ions. For lower dawn-dusk region, the plasma are composed of hydrogen and oxygen ions as well as electrons, but for higher altitudes only hydrogen ions and electrons are encountered. All ionic densities play an important role either to reduce or boost the ionic loss. The streaming solar wind velocity has no effect on the plasma escaping for lower altitudes, but it reduces the expansion at higher altitudes.     

Solitary,explosive and periodic solutions for electron acoustic solitary waves with non-thermal hot ions

A theoretical investigation has been made for electron acoustic waves propagating in a system of unmagnetized collisionless plasma consists of a cold electron fluid and ions with two different temperatures in which the hot ions obey the non-thermal distribution. The reductive perturbation method has been employed to derive the Korteweg–de Vries equation for small but finite amplitude electrostatic waves. It is found that the presence of the energetic population of non-thermal hot ions δ, initial normalized equilibrium density of low temperature ions μ and the ratio of temperatures of low temperature ions to high temperature ions β do not only significantly modify the basic properties of solitary structure, but also change the polarity of the solitary profiles. At the critical hot ions density, the KdV equation is not appropriate for describing the system. Hence, a new set of stretched coordinates is considered to derive the modified KdV equation. In the vicinity of the critical hot ions density, neither KdV nor modified KdV equation is appropriate for describing the electron acoustic waves. Therefore, a further modified KdV equation is derived. An algebraic method with computerized symbolic computation, which greatly exceeds the applicability of the existing tanh, extended tanh methods in obtaining a series of exact solutions of the various KdV-type equations, is used here. Numerical studies have been reveals different solutions e.g., bell-shaped solitary pulses, singular solitary “blowup” solutions, Jacobi elliptic doubly periodic wave, Weierstrass elliptic doubly periodic type solutions, in addition to explosive pulses. The results of the present investigation may be applicable to some plasma environments, such as Earth’s magnetotail region.     

重装空投动力学分析与控制方案研究

针对重装空投任务,基于拉格朗日分析力学,建立了货物在机舱内滑行阶段飞机-货物两体系统的动力学模型.给出了一种控制补偿方案,用以抵消或削弱货物运动对飞机的影响.通过数值仿真,观察货物运动和飞机运动之间的耦合关系,分析了牵引伞尺寸对飞机和货物运动参数的影响.仿真结果表明,所给出的控制补偿方案能够有效改善飞机飞行品质,提高飞...