98RK电子压力扫描系统在NH-1风洞中的应用

美国PSI公司开发的98RK电子压力扫描系统作为一种高速高精度多用途的自动测量仪器,在风洞试验中具有很高的使用价值。本文介绍了该系统的结构性能和在NH—l风洞中的应用。     

柔性-刚性混合翼微型飞行器气动特性研究

提出了一种将柔性翼和刚性翼相结合的柔性-刚性混合翼微型飞行器新概念布局型式，通过与刚性翼微型飞行器的风洞对比试验研究了该新概念布局的气动特性。在此基础上，进行了柔性-刚性混合翼微型飞行器试验原理样机的飞行试验验证。风洞试验和飞行试验研究结果表明：柔性-刚性混合翼微型飞行器的新概念布局是可行的；与刚性翼微型飞行器相比而言，柔性-刚性混合翼微型飞行器具有更好的气动特性，对解决微型飞行器抗风稳定飞行问题是有效的。     

隐身外形飞行器用埋入式进气道的设计与风洞实验研究

本文为隐身外形飞行器用埋入式进气道发展了一套设计方法。该方法的理论基础是埋入式进气道进气机理和气动S弯概念,其关键技术包含通道中心线设计、横截面面积变化规律设计以及横截面形状设计等,各技术可以方便地用数学方法加以描述,整个方法易于编程实现。并结合一种隐身外形无人机提出了埋入式进气道方案,通过实验得到了此类隐身外形飞行器用埋入式进气道的气动特性。结果表明,所提出的埋入式进气道方案可行,所设计的模型进气道性能良好,所发展的设计方法合理。同时验证了埋入式进气道进气机理的正确性,也表明隐身外形飞行器与埋入式进气道的组合方案具有十分光明的应用前景。     

大振幅实验对常规动导数实验包容性研究

某飞机模型在南京航空航天大学NH-2低速风洞中进行大振幅振动动态试验.模型绕通过重心的机体坐标轴分别作单独俯仰、偏航、滚转的大振幅振动,采用内式应变天平测量模型的非定常空气动力.通过非定常空气动力建模和动导数仿真方法,获得模型的纵横向稳定性导数和交叉导数.仿真结果与常规动导数试验结果比较,两者在量级和规律上一致.分析表明,模型大振幅振动实验结果包含了常规动导数实验的信息,模型的动导数可以从大振幅振动实验结果中获取.     

光盘形结构风荷载的风洞实验研究

应用风洞模拟实验研究了光盘形状结构的风荷载特性.风洞实验结果表明,在没有周围建筑物影响时,由于光盘形结构的截面具有对称翼型,上、下表面受到风荷载基本上都是负压分布,叠加后作用在光盘结构上的总体风荷载很小.周围建筑的存在对光盘形的风荷载影响很大,有周围建筑时光盘形结构所受的升力要比没有周围建筑时的值大1～3倍以上.特别有趣的是单独光盘形结构的整体风荷载除了受到一个升力的作用外,还受到了一个迎风低头的翻转力矩,为类似结构的风荷载设计提供了有益的启示.     

加油机尾流场建模与仿真分析

提出了等效气动效应法,建立了加油机尾流场的等效扰动模型。等效气动效应法采用逐点积分方法和加权平均方法,将尾流的影响等效为受油机运动方程直接可用的平均风速度和风梯度。对不同状态下受油机所受尾流的扰动作用进行了仿真。结果表明,扰动模型与实际情况比较符合。     

The Genesis Solar Wind Concentrator Target: Mass Fractionation Characterised by Neon Isotopes

The concentrator on Genesis provided samples of increased fluences of solar wind ions for precise determination of the oxygen isotopic composition. The concentration process caused mass fractionation as a function of the radial target position. This fractionation was measured using Ne released by UV laser ablation and compared with modelled Ne data, obtained from ion-trajectory simulations. Measured data show that the concentrator performed as expected and indicate a radially symmetric concentration process. Measured concentration factors are up to ∼30 at the target centre. The total range of isotopic fractionation along the target radius is 3.8%/amu, with monotonically decreasing ²⁰Ne/²²Ne towards the centre, which differs from model predictions. We discuss potential reasons and propose future attempts to overcome these disagreements.     

Galactic Wind: Mass Fractionation and Cosmic Ray Acceleration

The dynamical and chemical effects of the Galactic Wind are discussed. This wind is primarily driven by the pressure gradient of the Cosmic Rays. Assuming the latter to be accelerated in the Supernova Remnants of the disk which at the same time produce the Hot Interstellar Medium, it is argued that the gas removed by the wind is enriched in the nucleosynthesis products of Supernova explosions. Therefore the moderate mass loss through this wind should still be able to remove a substantial amount of metals, opening the way for stars to produce more metals than observed in the disk, by e.g. assuming a Salpeter-type stellar initial mass function beyond a few Solar masses. The wind also allows a global, physically appealing interpretation of Cosmic Ray propagation and escape from the Galaxy. In addition the spiral structure of the disk induces periodic pressure waves in the expanding wind that become a sawtooth shock wave train at large distances which can re-accelerate “knee” particles coming from the disk sources. This new Galactic Cosmic Ray component can reach energies of a few×10¹⁸ eV and may contribute to the juncture between the particles of Galactic and extragalactic origin in the observed overall Cosmic Ray spectrum.     

三维舵面绕流的N-S方程计算研究

基于粘性非结构混合网格,采用格心格式的有限体积法,应用Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型进行绕三维舵面流动的N-S方程数值模拟。操纵面铰链力矩的计算结果与风洞试验结果的对比分析表明,计算方法对粘性流动具有良好的适应性。对舵面铰链力矩随迎角、马赫数、雷诺数变化的规律也进行了分析研究。