后掠翼边界层横流不稳定转捩预测模型

通过对经典Falkner-Skan-Cooke三维边界层相似解的理论分析和数值求解,结合二维边界层转捩判据的思想,采用由试验数据标定的C1准则关系式求解横流不稳定转捩位移厚度雷诺数,建立了针对固定前缘后掠角机翼的横流转捩判据,并且通过方程求解和数据拟合得到了该转捩判据的数学结果.应用该模型对30°前缘后掠角的ONERA-M6机翼和45°前缘后掠角的NLF(2)-0415无限展长机翼进行了横流不稳定转捩数值模拟.模拟结果显示:改进后的转捩模型预测所得到的转捩位置精度较高,均与后掠翼横流试验数据吻合较好,从而证明了构建的横流不稳定转捩判据的合理性和实用性.      

基于SPH的小型飞机水上迫降姿态数值仿真

适航条例中要求飞机必须具备良好的水上迫降性能。早期主要通过试验方法研究飞机的水上迫降性能,但是试验耗资巨大、时间周期长。采用一种新型的数值模拟方法研究飞机水上迫降问题,利用光滑质点流体动力学(SPH)方法模拟三级波浪,建立小型飞机水上迫降模型。考虑到飞机姿态角和起落架收放状态对迫降性能的影响,建立7种计算工况,模拟得到相应的加速度响应和姿态角变化。以飞机在迫降过程中应该受到较小的加速度响应和姿态角变化为依据,通过对比分析计算结果,最终给出12°姿态角、起落架收起为最优迫降状态的结论,为飞机迫降的入水姿态提供技术支持。     

基于人工势场法优化的蚁群无人机航路规划

针对复杂环境下无人机航路规划问题,提出一种势场法优化的蚁群航路规划算法。为了改善蚁群初始路径搜索过程中的盲目性,将人工势场法的规划结果作为先验知识,对蚁群初始到达的栅格进行邻域信息素的初始化,进而运用改进的蚁群算法完成航路搜索任务。仿真结果表明,新算法具有收敛速度快,规划路径短以及环境自适应的优点。     

直升机飞行过渡速度现象研究

针对直升机飞行中通过过渡速度时产生的振动、抬头、偏转和倾斜等一系列现象,从旋翼动力学的角度进行了深入的研究,并且给出了系统的解释.首先,分析了旋翼尾涡对直升机状态的影响;然后,研究了桨涡干涉效应,发现桨涡干涉效应导致旋翼前行桨叶平均拉力增加、后行桨叶平均拉力减小,这是引起直升机抬头、倾斜和振动的根本原因;最后,研究了起飞和着陆中通过过渡速度时操纵对策的差异及其原因.     

国家竞争理论的演变及对我国的启示

基于比较优势的国家竞争理论更多的是强调自然资源等国家内生性要素在竞争中的作用，国家竞争理论的进一步发展则强调国家竞争优势的形成和动态发展，更突出政府、体制等外生性要素对国家竞争的影响力，从而大大丰富和深化了国家竞争的主体、客体和竞争形式等问题的研究。     

温度变化对飞机装配的影响及解决措施

为了解决温度变化对飞机装配件的影响,文中针对在飞机装配过程中,温度变化对飞机装配件影响进行了分析,由于不同材料之间的热膨胀系数不同,使得产品在装配过程中产生了误差,影响了产品的质量。通过对产品装配过程中尺寸移制的一次协调误差计算和多环节尺寸移制的协调误差计算,提出了减小飞机装配过程中温度变化影响的具体措施,提高飞机产品的协调准确度。     

甲烷气体的冲击状态方程数值计算

为了研究甲烷气体的冲击状态方程，用一维无粘流体反应动力学方程组。分别以7组元17步反应和13组元加步反应模型计算了常温下压力为0．12MPa时受高速飞片撞击的甲烷气体的Hugoniot数据，给出了飞片速度为3km／s-9km／s范围内9种条件下的数值结果。在相同的初始条件下，当飞片速度较低(如3km／s)时两种反应模型给出相同的结果。通过较高飞片速度下的计算结果与实验结果比较，13组元40步反应模型给出的数值结果与实验结果基本一致。     

Optimal assimilation for ionospheric weather – Theoretical aspect

Observation, specification and prediction of ionospheric weather are the key scientific pursuits of space physicists, which largely based on an optimal assimilation system. The optimal assimilation system, or commonly called data assimilation system, consists of dynamic process, observation system and optimal estimation procedure. We attempt to give a complete framework in this paper under which the data assimilation procedure carries through. We discuss some crucial issues of data assimilation as follows: modeling a dynamic system for ionospheric weather; state estimation for static or steady system in sense of optimization and likelihood; state and its uncertainty estimation for dynamic process. Meanwhile we also discuss briefly the observability of an observation system; system parameter identification. Some data assimilation procedures existed at present are reviewed in the framework of this paper. As an example, a second order dynamic system is discussed in more detail to illustrate the specific optimal assimilation procedure, ranging from modeling the system, state and its uncertainty calculation, to the quantitatively integration of dynamic law, measurement to significantly reduce the estimation error. The analysis shows that the optimal assimilation model, with mathematical core of optimal estimation, differs from the theoretical, empirical and semi-empirical models in assimilating measured data, being constrained by physical law and being optimized respectively. The data assimilation technique, due to its optimization and integration feature, could obtain better accurate results than those obtained by dynamic process, measurement or their statistical analysis alone. The model based on optimal assimilation meets well with the criterion of the model or algorithm assessment by ‘space weather metrics’. More attention for optimal assimilation procedure creation should be paid to transition matrix finding, which is usually not easy for practical space weather system. High performance computing hardware and software studies should be promoted further so as to meet the requirement of large storage and extensive computation in the optimal estimation. The discussion in this paper is appropriate for the static or steady state or transition process of dynamic system. Many phenomena in space environment are unstable and chaos. So space environment study should include and integrate these two branches of learning. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

过渡金属氧化物表面修饰氢气传感器

以SnO2系为敏感材料制备气敏元件,在元件的表面涂敷一层Fe2O3,MnO2或CuO掺杂的活性氧化铝修饰膜,有效地隔离并消除乙醇、烟雾、有机蒸气等杂散气体对元件的干扰.     

带机体状态反馈的直升机地面共振分析

建立了带机体状态反馈的直升机旋翼/机体耦合动稳定性分析模型,研究了机体反馈系数对直升机地面共振的影响。根据Floquet理论采用传递矩阵法计算了系统的模态频率及模态阻尼,并用非线性模型的数值仿真进行了验证。结果表明,机体滚转角位移和角速度反馈能有效地提高摆振后退型模态阻尼;但当机体滚转姿态角反馈系数过大时,以挥舞后退型模态为主的旋翼挥舞与机体运动之间相互作用,导致直升机出现动不稳定性。