“大工程观”理念下的民航院校雷达管制教学模式改革研究

介绍了“大工程观”教育理念的实质及特点,结合中国民航大学与华北空管局实施管制学员雷达管制实践能力联合培养的教学试点改革案例,指出应积极推进雷达管制实践教学模式改革,以应对行业快速发展对空管人才综合素质的更高要求.     

湖南省高校军事课教师队伍现状及对策研究

通过访谈、数理统计、文献资料等方法,获得湖南省军事课教师队伍现状等信息,了解到产生这种现状的深层次原因。提出要保证湖南省军事课教师队伍良性发展,必须制定符合实际的师生比例和切实可行的评估办法;高校在引进、选拔师资时要考虑军事师资队伍的整体结构,并要拓宽选拔渠道;建立全省的军事教师培训机构;加强科学研究,培养学术带头人;制定军事教师职称评审实施办法,解决教师的职称评定等对策和建议。     

一种定量空战决策方法

提出了一种定量空战决策方法,以空空导弹的攻击区与发射条件为基础,通过定义空战态势指标函数,定量描述空战态势.根据空战态势指标函数值和中远程空战以及近距空战的特点决定采取的机动策略,将空战机动策略与当前空战状态变量之间的关系建立起来,使得从空战决策的前因定量计算空战策略的后果成为可能.空战整个过程的分析、评估、决策、机动等环节都是定量进行.建立了战机、目标机、导弹和决策模块的数学模型,给定不同的初始条件,对空战过程进行了仿真,分别验证了中远程空战决策和近距空战决策的有效性.     

Intelligent checking model of Chinese radiotelephony read-backs in civil aviation air traffic control

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and NASA technical reports indicate that the misunderstanding in radiotelephony communications is a primary causal factor associated with operation errors, and a sizable proportion of operation errors lead to read-back errors. We introduce deep learning method to solve this problem and propose a new semantic checking model based on Long Short-Time Memory network (LSTM) for intelligent read-back error checking. A mean-pooling layer is added to the traditional LSTM, so as to utilize the information obtained by all the hidden activation vectors, and also to improve the robustness of the semantic vector extracted by LSTM. A MultiLayer Perceptron (MLP) layer, which can maintain the information of different regions in the concatenated vectors obtained by the mean-pooling layer, is applied instead of traditional similarity function in the new model to express the semantic similarity of the read-back pairs quantitatively. The K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifier is used to verify whether the read-back pairs are consistent in semantics according to the output of MLP layer. Extensive experiments are conducted and the results show that the proposed model is more effective and more robust than the traditional checking model to verify the semantic consistency of read-backs automatically.     

Identifying and managing risks of AI-driven operations: A case study of automatic speech recognition for improving air traffic safety

In this work, the primary focus is to identify potential technical risks of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven operations for the safety monitoring of the air traffic from the perspective of speech communication by studying the representative case and evaluating user experience. The case study is performed to evaluate the AI-driven techniques and applications using objective metrics, in which several risks and technical facts are obtained to direct future research. Considering the safety–critical specificities of the air traffic control system, a comprehensive subjective evaluation is conducted to collect user experience by a well-designed anonymous questionnaire and a face-to-face interview. In this procedure, the potential risks obtained from the case study are confirmed, and the impacts on human working are considered. Both the case study and the evaluation of user experience provide compatible results and conclusions: (A) the proposed solution is promising to improve the traffic safety and reduce the workload by detecting potential risks in advance; (B) the AI-driven techniques and whole diagram are suggested to be enhanced to eliminate the possible distraction to the attention of air traffic controllers. Finally, a variety of strategies and approaches are discussed to explore their capability to advance the proposed solution to industrial practices.     

机动车辆缴费遥测监查管理系统的研究

针对机动车辆每年应缴的费用，提出了一种全自动开放式机动车辆缴费遥测监查管理系统。它与当前国内外对公路自动收费管理系统进行的研究和应用不同。本系统成本低、功能强、可行性高，有效地改善当前机动车辆缴费管理状况，实现科学监督和管理     

Space Debris at the United Nations

Rules for activities in outer space are agreed upon in the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space of the United Nations. Several international treaties have been adopted in the 1970s, that is, at a time before space debris became a concern for the international community. In the years 1979–1988 numerous documents were prepared by the UN Secretariat on space debris, but no official discussions of the problem were initiated by states members of the COPUOS. First proposals for introducing the matter to the UN appeared around 1988, after important studies on the subject were published by states and leading intergovernmental organizations. Also the International Telecommunication Union became concerned about the proliferation of space debris in the geostationary orbit and adopted in 1993 a recommendation to restrict the generation of debris and to re-orbit satellites approaching the end of their active lives into disposal orbits beyond the belt populated by active satellites. In 1994, the UN started discussing scientific and technical aspects of space debris. In the following years, with the assistance of experts from prominent space agencies, it elaborated a Technical Report on space debris. Legal aspects of the problem have not yet begun being discussed because the necessary consensus among states members of the COPUOS has not yet been achieved. Very recently, the UN received first information on a wider subject, space traffic management.     

随机高级Petri网在空中交通管理中的应用

首先给出了Ｐｅｔｒｉ网，高级Ｐｅｔｒｉ网和随机高级Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的定义。然后，在介绍空中交通管理系统中的机场终端区的基础上，为机场终端区建立了Ｐｅｔｒｉ网图模型。最后，借助Ｐｅｔｒｉ网仿真器，利用机场终端区的Ｐｅｔｒｉ网图模型，进行机场终端区管理系统的仿真优化分析。     

机场着陆排序的一种滑动窗优化算法

对交通拥挤时的终端区进场飞机进行合理的排序,是空中交通流量管理的一个重要研究内容。当降落飞机架次较多时,目前的各种算法因计算量太大而实时性不好。基于飞机进场时位置的调整受一定限制,通过分析窗体的大小与位置限制和步长的关系,对计算量的影响提出了滑动窗的方法,并给出了通过采用滑动窗方法可以减少运算量的理论证明。最后通过仿真对该方法进行了验证。     

飞机多目标攻击试验探讨

在现代战争中,具有多目标攻击能力的飞机,往往在空战中处于优势的地位。但是为了实现多目标攻击,雷达要有多目标跟踪的能力,火控机应根据雷达送来的目标参数来确定目标的威胁等级。本文在分析雷达多目标跟踪的基础上,介绍了目标威胁评估的方法及多目标攻击概率的计算,最后叙述了地面多目标攻击试验程序。