基于蒙特卡洛仿真的平行双跑道容量评估方法

跑道容量评估是科学评价跑道规划方案、合理安排航班时刻、精准实施流量管理的重要基础性工作.针对平行双跑道容量评估问题,分析了跑道容量影响因素,考虑到跑道分配、机型分配、起降类型分配、进离港点分配、航班流队列顺序等随机性,采用蒙特卡洛方法模拟变量随机性,按照离散事件系统原理,递归计算每个航班的起降时刻,通过统计1h内的航班数量获得容量值.以西安机场双跑道为例,针对现行的相关进近、独立进近、隔离运行3种模式,分别计算了跑道容量值.仿真计算结果显示,相关进近模式容量60架次/h,独立进近模式跑道容量为78架次/h,隔离运行模式跑道容量为52架次/h,平均每次仿真时间仅为1 min,说明方法效率较高.与2015年高峰61架次/h相比仅相差1个架次,计算结果说明方法是有效的.     

Stable two-sided matching of slot allocation in airport collaborative decision making by top trading cycles mechanism

The problem of capacity shortage in some airports needs to be dealt with sustainable solutions including a more efficient use of the existing runway slots at the airports. The Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) is an important approach applied to Air Traffic Management (ATM) to achieve this efficient use of the slots allocation. Using the Matching approach for two-sided markets of Game theory, the Top Trading Cycle CDM (TTC-CDM) algorithm developed in this research is an extension of the CDM approach aggregating the Ground Delay Program (GDP) of the air sector. The paper compared the developed TTC-CDM model to the existing models such as the conventional Compression algorithm in CDM, the Trade Cycle algorithm and the Deferred Acceptance CDM (DA-CDM) model to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. Through a case study, the results show the effective application of TTC-CDM model to slot allocation in ATM and also presents the advantage of considering the preferences of airport managers beside ATC controllers and airlines in the decision processing.     

EBAA：An efficient broadcast authentication scheme for ADS-B communication based on IBS-MR

Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast （ADS-B） systems can broadcast satellitebased aircraft position, identification, etc., periodically, and are now on track to replace radar to become the backbone of next-generation air traffic management （ATM） systems. However, ADS-B systems suffer severe cyber-security problems due to the broadcast-type data link and the lack of designed-in security measures. Especially, since ADS-B messages are unauthenticated, it is easy to insert fake aircraft into a system via spoofing or insertion of false messages. Unfortu- nately, the authentication for ADS-B messages has not yet been well studied. In this paper, based on identity-based signature with message recovery （IBS-MR）, an efficient broadcast authentication scheme for ADS-B messages is proposed. The security analysis demonstrates that the scheme can achieve authenticity and integrity of ADS-B broadcast messages, as well as adaptive evolution of broadcasters＇ private keys. The performance evaluation shows that the scheme is computationally efficient for typical avionics devices with limited resources. Furthermore, the scheme achieves low communication overhead since broadcast messages can be recovered from signatures, and thus it is suitable for low-bandwidth ADS-B data link.     

空中交通管制员技能评估主成分分析方法

为改善空中交通管制员技能评估方法,以管制员作业结果评估为立足点,建立了涵盖空中交通流密度、管制运行安全性能、管制运行效率性能及管制员工作负荷等4类因子的管制员技能定量评估指标体系,并给出了基于主成分分析法的管制员技能定量评估方法。经各等级管制员雷达模拟机多场景测试验证,采用新方法对100个测试样本的评估结果符合实际;相比通过管制教员观察管制员作业过程得出人工评定结果的传统方法,新方法的科学性、客观性及适用性更优。     

基于灰色关联聚类的空中交通复杂度评估方法

为了准确评价空中交通态势的复杂程度,进行有效的空中交通管理,提出了一种空中交通复杂度评估方法。在已有的理论研究成果及实际运行经验的基础上,归纳了定义明确、可定量分析的基础空中交通指标集,使用灰色关联聚类方法对指标集进行聚类分析,利用信息熵理论对聚类指标求解权重,加权求和获得空中交通复杂度。方法弥补了目前使用单一维度指标描述空中交通运行态势的弊端,能更好地体现空中交通复杂度。     

基于管制员工作负荷的终端区容量评估

对现有的基于管制员工作负荷的空域容量评估方法进行分析,并比较各自的特点。提出了改进的基于管制员工作负荷的容量评估模型,模型的建立不仅考虑了管制员工作负荷的不同类别,即通信负荷、非通信负荷和思考负荷,还考虑了空域内航路结构的复杂性,即区分空域内不同航路走向上运行的航空器数量。描述了基于新建模型的容量评估方法。以哈尔滨机场终端区为背景,在雷达管制的基础上,使用新建立的模型,采用回归分析方法,计算了终端区容量,验证了所提模型和方法的可行性与适用性。     

飞行流量管理系统的模糊综合评判

探讨了飞行流量管理系统评价的方法,给出了飞行流量管理系统评价的指标体系,针对评价对象的复杂性及其指标的模糊性,采用模糊数学的理论与技术,通过单因素模糊评价,给出了模糊综合评价模型,并进行了评估的示例。     

我国机电一体化发展途径的探讨

探讨了机电一体化的发展趋势 ,在分析我国机电一体化的进展情况和存在问题的基础上 ,对发展我国的机电一体化的途径提出了建议。     

空管自动化的人因素考虑

人因素问题直接影响着空管系统的安全和效率，系统中不断引用的自动化将会带来新的人因素问题。该文探讨了空管自动化的开发和实验中可能出现的一些人因素问题和一些自动化的人因素要求。     

Evaluation of airborne data link communication

An experimental prototype of a cockpit data link communication interface (modified Navigation Display (ND) and Multi-purpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU)) was developed and tested in an Airbus A340 Full Flight Simulator. 8 crews (16 professional pilots) performed simulator flights in a mixed voice and data link scenario. After each experiment video recordings were presented to the pilots and they were asked to estimate subjective strain (NASA task load index) and situational aspects retrospectively. Results show an increase in subjective strain and a decrease of ‘feeling of sovereignty’ and situation awareness under data link conditions. The effect is similar to the one caused by higher workload.