基于面板数据模型的中西部地区加工贸易升级研究

我国经济高速发展,劳动力、土地等要素随之发生转变,加工贸易从东部地区向中西部地区转移,中西部地区加工贸易急需升级以适应发展。利用2001-2011年中西部地区部分省份的面板数据建立计量模型,通过检验对混合估计模型、固定效应模型和随机效应模型进行选择,并对选定模型的估计结果进行具体分析,提出中西部地区加工贸易升级的对策及建议。     

对外直接投资的贸易效应——基于中美比较的视角

20世纪80年代以来,伴随着改革开放和国际产业转移,发达国家加快了对外投资步伐,中国也抓住这一机会成为世界上最大的对外直接投资吸引地。经过三十多年来的发展,如今中国企业也开始了＂走出去＂的脚步。对外投资对于一国的贸易有何影响,学界对此有很多研究。文章对1984~2012年中国和美国之间的双边直接投资和贸易进行检验,利用协整模型进行计量分析。分析结果表明：中国对美国的直接投资会增加中国对美国的进口,美国对中国的直接投资则会增加中国对美国的出口。     

Developments in space activities in Poland

Poland has a long-standing tradition in space activities. Polish institutions have participated as co-investigators in almost all European Space Agency (ESA) science projects, as well as on many other missions. However, the first Polish satellite (PW-SAT) was only launched in 2012. Poland was one of the first Eastern European countries to conclude a Cooperation Agreement with ESA in the peaceful use of outer space; it was signed in 1994 and followed by a second in January 2002. Negotiations on Polish membership in the ESA were started in autumn of 2011, and ended in April 2012. Following ratification of the agreement, Poland officially became the 20th Member State of ESA on 19 November 2012. This article examines how Poland is setting its way as a space nation. It describes recent developments in the Polish space programme, including the road to Poland's full membership in the European Space Agency.     

Precursor to an African Space Agency: Commentary on Dr Peter Martinez “Is there a need for an African Space Agency?”

In 2012 a working group was established to formulate the African space policy and strategy which would lead to the establishment of an African Space Agency (ASA). Dr Peter Martinez asserts in his article “Is there a need for an African Space Agency?” [1] that the arguments that have been posited in support of an ASA are flawed; namely the arguments of the existing example of the European Space Agency (ESA), and that an ASA would lead to fostering competition, synergy, industrial development and capacity building. While this viewpoint agrees that all the perfect conditions may not exist at present for the creation of an ASA, it addresses some of the issues raised by Martinez, and proposes ideas to foster intra-regional cooperation.     

Human Mission from Planet Earth: finding a rationale for exploration of the Moon and Mars

This paper advances scenarios for an evolutionary approach to the establishment of a Human Mission from Planet Earth involving exploration and utilization of the Moon and Mars. Of critical importance are the concepts of robotic–human and Moon–Mars synergies. The paper discusses the rationale variables that have an influence on types of space activities pursued and thus the policy that leads to particular scenarios. In this regard, the technological, scientific, and sociopolitical/socioeconomic impacts and consequences related to a Human Mission from Planet Earth are examined.     

对K8飞机外贸出口工作的几点思考

简要论述了K8飞机外贸出口所处的内、外部环境,在此基础上进行SWOT分析,并据此提出该飞机外贸出口工作中应采取的几项措施。     

公共设施投资的决策模型探讨

公共设施投资的成本与产生的社会福利如何比较，社会效益的提高有多大等等一系列基本问题为政府所关心。这一问题的解决需要通过结合公共经济学的原理与近几年出现的一些新观点做出系统的可行性分析模型加以解决。本文就是基于公共经济学的理论并结合了笔者的一些新的观点所作的常识性的探索。     

政府采购扶持科技型中小企业发展的对策建议

我国科技型中小企业是科技创新的主要力量,但存在制约其发展的诸多问题,如融资难、科技投入不足、竞争力弱等,说明科技型中小企业需要得到政府的扶持。发达国家的成功经验可供我国参考,即具有明确的政府采购扶持中小企业的管理制度,具有有效的监督和申诉制度,积极扶持科技型中小企业开拓国内外政府采购市场。我国政府可利用政府采购来扶持科技型中小企业。具体对策是：完善政府采购的法律制度,加强对知识产权的保护力度,制定科技型产品及国货的认证制度,加大采购力度,建立中小企业管理委员会,完善政府采购监督机制。     

基于状态维修的预防性维修策略优化模型研究

基于状态的维修着眼于系统的具体运行状况,对被监测装备的真实状态进行评估,克服了维修的盲目性,可有效减少由于维修不足而引起的意外故障和由于维修过剩带来的资源浪费。提出一种基于状态的多部件系统非周期预防性维修计划的优化方法,引入"机会维修阈值"概念,优化不同维修方式转移概率的表达式,将多个维修作业按照机会维修阈值进行归并,运用马尔可夫决策过程理论,给出不同维修方式转移概率的表达式和目标函数,并进行算例分析。结果表明:提出的优化模型减少了预防性维修活动,节约了维修工时和经费,可为系统预防性维修策略决策提供参考。     

我国货币政策的传导机制——基于商业银行视角

货币政策通过信贷渠道的传导离不开贷款服务机构尤其是商业银行。货币政策受中央银行的存款准备金制度影响,从商业银行贷款、存款和金融创新等方面影响居民和企业的消费和投资活动,最终影响实体经济的运行。因此,充分发挥商业银行货币政策传导的主渠道作用,对于取得货币政策实施的最大效应,具有极其重要的作用。