传感器位置误差条件下的约束总体最小二乘时差定位算法

 现代定位系统中,传感器往往被安放在运动平台上,其位置无法精确得知,存在估计误差,将严重影响对目标的定位精度。针对这一问题,提出基于约束总体最小二乘(CTLS)的到达时差(TDOA)定位算法。首先通过引入中间变量,将非线性TDOA定位方程转化为伪线性方程,再利用CTLS技术,全面考虑伪线性方程所有系数中的噪声。在此基础上推导了定位方程的目标函数,再根据牛顿迭代方法,进行数值迭代,快速得到精确解。采用一阶小噪声扰动分析方法,对该算法的理论性能进行了分析,证明了算法的无偏性和逼近克拉美-罗下限(CRLB)。仿真实验表明,该算法克服了现有总体最小二乘(TLS)算法不能达到CRLB、两步加权最小二乘(two-step WLS)算法在较高噪声时性能发散的缺陷,在较高噪声时定位精度仍然能达到CRLB。     

正弦波形畸变和失真度的分析

测试波形的畸变程度可用波形的失真度来表示.目前常用的频域法求取和计算失真度的结果与波形的畸变有背离的地方.实际失真度很大,测出来的值却偏小.本文提出一种INV时频法,可以弥补频域法的缺陷,文内给出了计算实例.     

Vertical TEC in the equatorial anomaly region from satellite altimetry data

The high-precision demands imposed by the ocean altimetry community of the late 1980 resulted in the TOPEX/Poseidon mission. This mission was the first to carry as its main instrument a dual-frequency sea-altimeter on board a satellite. This instrument together with other state-of-the-art technologies involved in the mission, led to sea-height determinations with precision better than 2 cm. As a by-product, the TOPEX/Poseidon mission provided vertical TEC determinations that since they became available, have demonstrated to be a powerful tool for ionospheric studies.     

总能量控制原理在地形跟随飞行控制中的应用

应用总能量控制原理设计了控制飞行高度的地形跟随飞行控制系统,并通过引入飞行高度和飞行速度的偏差控制,基本消除了总能量控制系统存在的稳态误差;引入俯仰角和俯仰角速率反馈回路以增加阻尼,消除俯仰角振荡,最后对该系统进行了解耦性能和地形跟随仿真。结果表明,用总能量原理设计的地形跟随飞行控制系统体现了飞机升降舵和油门杆一体化设计的思想,可实现飞行速度/航迹角的解耦控制,对给定地形可达到良好的跟随效果。     

Thermospheric neutral density response to solar forcing

Recent measurements by the Solar EUV (Extreme Ultra Violet) Experiment (SEE) aboard the Thermosphere–Ionosphere–Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics satellite (TIMED) provide solar EUV spectral irradiance with adequate spectral and temporal resolution, and thus the opportunity to use solar measurements directly in upper atmospheric general circulation models. Thermospheric neutral density is simulated with the NCAR Thermosphere–Ionosphere–Electrodynamic General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) using TIMED/SEE measurements and using the EUVAC solar proxy model. Neutral density is also calculated using the NRLMSISE-00 empirical model. These modeled densities are then compared to density measurements derived from satellite drag data. It is found that using measured solar irradiance in the general circulation model can improve density calculations compared to using the solar proxy model. It is also found that the general circulation model can improve upon the empirical model in simulating geomagnetic storm effects and the solar cycle variation of neutral density.     

极限条件下的大角度扩散段优化设计数值模拟

为提升某低速风洞大角度扩散段静压恢复性能,降低总压损失至分流隔板的水平,采用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法对该扩散段不同设计方案进行了模拟.采用阻尼网能有效抑制分离,阻尼网布置位置和开孔率对大角度扩散段内的流动状态和总压损失有很大影响.使用直线壁面扩散时,由于扩散角过大,第1层阻尼网对抑制大角度扩散段入口分离效果很弱,总压损失无法达到预期设定指标.采用三次曲线壁面扩散时,总压损失明显降低,小于预期指标,但存在小范围的分离.分级扩散能有效降低总压损失,按照最大静压恢复设计的分级扩散段,避免了入口的气流分离,能大幅度降低总压损失.对分级扩散的进一步研究表明,按照最大静压恢复设计的第1级扩散段扩散角已达到上限,为抑制第3级扩散段的分离,缩短第2级扩散段,减小第3级扩散段扩散角的方法是合理的.通过对不同方案流态的比较得出了最佳的参数匹配,总压损失指标达到了设计要求.因此采用数值模拟能够获得最佳的大角度扩散段设计结果.      

Tropospheric delays from GNSS for application in coastal altimetry

In the scope of the development of an improved methodology for the computation of the wet tropospheric correction for coastal altimetry, based on the use of tropospheric delays derived from GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems), various studies have been conducted aiming to improve the estimation, at global scale, of GNSS-derived tropospheric delays.     

Short term variations of total electron content (TEC) fitting to a regional GPS network over the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)

The ionosphere is a dispersive medium for radio waves with the refractive index which is a function of frequency and total electron content (TEC). TEC has a strong diurnal variation in addition to monthly, seasonal and solar cycle variations and small and large scale irregularities. Dual frequency GPS observations can be utilized to obtain TEC and investigate its spatial and temporal variations. We here studied short term TEC variations over the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). A regional GPS network is formed consisting of 16 sites in and around KSA. GPS observations, acquired between 1st and 11th February 2009, were processed on a daily basis by using the Bernese v5.0 software and IGS final products. The geometry-free zero difference smoothed code observables were used to obtain two hour interval snapshots of TEC and their RMS errors at 0.5 × 0.5 degree grid nodes and regional ionosphere models in a spherical harmonics expansion to degree and order six. The equatorial ionized anomaly (EIA) is recovered in the south of 20°N from 08:00 to 12:00 UT. We found that day-by-day TEC variation is more stable than the night time variation.     

一种保持图像纹理的去噪方法

总变分去噪方法自提出以来得到了广泛的发展,该方法处理的数字图像收敛于一个分段光滑的函数,这导致图像纹理特征的大量丢失。将图像视为结构和纹理的组合,定义能够分辨纹理特征的局部方差,并利用定义的局部方差限制总变差保真项,进而在去除噪声的同时很好地保持了图像的纹理特征。针对各类图像进行了仿真试验,结果表明提出的方法是有效可行的。     

Ⅰ类情况下的运输结构最优控制论模型

一般情况下,交通运输发展速度应该超前于国民经济发展速度,但由于种种原因,造成了我国目前交通运输发展与国民经济极不相适应的局面,把各种运输方式所完成的运输量和运输周转量取决于其运输能力的情况称为Ⅰ类情况。本文用最优控制的原理,研究了如何合理控制此类交通运输的投资,以利于形成一个各种运输方式相互协调发展的,并与国民经济相适应的综合运输结构系统。并以某省作了实例研究。