基于预警卫星系统的临近空间飞行器跟踪

系统地研究了如何对临近空间飞行器进行有效实时跟踪的问题,并提出了一种基于约束总体最小二乘与自适应交互式多模型（CTLS-AIMM）滤波相结合的实时跟踪滤波算法。首先考虑到临近空间飞行器的特点,选择使用红外预警卫星系统探测目标飞行器,并使用约束总体最小二乘算法（CTLS）对目标进行粗定位;然后在粗定位信息基础上,使用自适应交互式多模型滤波算法（AIMM）对目标飞行器进行实时跟踪。在AIMM中,根据临近空间飞行器机动特性,合理选择目标模型集,并使用迭代最小二乘算法对模型参数进行自适应调整。通过仿真,验证了该跟踪滤波算法的可行性。     

舰面飞机尾喷流对进气道温度场影响的仿真分析

舰载机在加力起飞时通过舰面安装的偏流板将高温尾喷流引向空中排出,避免了高温尾喷流损伤舰面工作人员和舰载设备,但一部分高温尾喷流与偏流板碰撞后的回流受发动机抽吸作用的影响,容易被进气道吸入,导致发动机推力降低,严重时诱发发动机喘振,危害舰载机的使用安全。为了获得高温尾喷流与偏流板碰撞后的回流场流动机理以及参数影响规律,采用数值仿真分析方法开展了研究。首先,通过公开的试验数据验证了仿真分析方法的准确性;然后,完成了舰面环境下某型舰载机双发尾喷流冲击偏流板后的流动机理和温度场特征分析,获得了高温气体被进气道吸入的动态流动特性和进气道出口的温升率;最后,通过研究发动机转速不对称、来流风速、尾喷口到偏流板距离等参数对进气道出口温度畸变强度的影响规律,获得了尾喷口到偏流板的距离对回流场整体强度与分布起决定作用,以及进气口的位置影响进气道抽吸流场与回流场的耦合特性这一结论。     

基于能量耗散率的低速扩压叶栅损失研究

针对无化学反应和热流输入的叶栅有黏不可压流模型,推导出能量耗散率的组分分解式,根据叶栅流场仿真结果进行分析简化,得到由轴向涡量、轴向阻力和剪切力组成的能量耗散率分解式。结合总压损失,分析了耗散各组分在前缘损失、叶表损失和通道损失中的主导因素:轴向涡量项反映旋涡结构,在通道损失中占主要部分,集中在通道涡和分离面附近;轴向阻力项反映扩压和叶表边界层转折造成的流动损失,在前缘损失和叶表损失中占主要部分,集中在叶栅前部的叶表边界层和主流区;剪切力项反映轴向截面速度不均匀性,在叶栅后部的叶表损失和通道损失中占主要部分,集中在叶表、端壁边界层和分离面附近。旋涡结构和耗散各组分分布特征揭示了叶栅通道中旋涡结构与能量耗散之间的分布关系,分离区并不是主要能量耗散区,高能量耗散区主要分布在叶表边界层(叶栅前部由轴向阻力项主导,后部由剪切力项中的υ(∂V_x/∂y)²项主导)、分离面附近(受剪切力项中的υ(∂V_x/∂y)²项和轴向涡量项影响)。大攻角情况下,叶栅通道损失显著增加,正攻角促使轴向涡量项的增长点提前,负攻角则使得叶表边界层的速度剪切加剧。     

项目资源配置的管理

以提升项目资源管理能力为目标,在系统工程技术和项目管理的基础上,从资源的配置和使用角度对项目资源的配置管理方法进行了探索研究,提出了完善项目资源配置管理的方法。为促进航天项目管理能力的提升提供参考。     

聚酰亚胺薄膜在γ射线辐照下的力学性能退化研究

聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜在空间高能粒子辐射环境下会发生力学性能退化。文章利用钴源辐照试验装置和热重分析、XPS分析等对均苯型PI薄膜在γ射线辐照下的力学性能退化及其规律进行研究,发现在γ射线辐照下,PI薄膜有明显的总剂量效应和剂量率效应。     

基于改进引力搜索算法的认知无线网络频谱分配

为了提高认知无线网络频谱资源利用率,提出一种基于改进引力搜索算法的频谱分配方案.该方案将质子位置信息映射为频谱分配变量,提出一种非线性引力衰减因子,以增强算法对于频谱分配可行解的搜索能力.其次,为了保持算法对于频谱分配可行解的最优搜索方向,采用全局最优引导策略为质子增加记忆能力.然后,提出动态高斯扰动策略,随着算法迭代...     

一种双S形进气道流场特性及控制的试验研究

首先利用高速风洞对一种与机身保形的双S进气道原始模型进行了研究,结果表明进气道出口截面总压周向畸变指数较大.继而,在低速风洞试验的基础上选择了一种基于涡流发生器的流场控制方案,并在高速风洞中开展了对该进气道高速风洞流场控制试验研究,分别获得了流量特性、速度特性、攻角特性和侧滑角特性规律.研究结果表明:(1)原型方案的高速风洞试验结果说明双S弯进气道第二S弯上壁面产生了气流分离,在横截面二次流的共同作用下,导致该方案出口截面的上方存在一较大的低压区,当Ma0=0.8,α=0°,β=0°时匹配点处总压恢复系数σ为0.958,周向总压畸变指数Δσ0达到11.7%,超过了一般航空发动机的忍受范围.(2)与原型方案的风洞试验结果相比,涡流发生器控制技术能够有效抑制双S弯进气道第二S弯上壁面的气流分离,大幅度降低了该进气道的流场畸变.设计状态下(Ma0=0.8,α=0°,β=0°)总压恢复系数σ为0.953,周向总压畸变指数Δσ0仅有2.3%,综合畸变指数W为4.1%,满足了发动机的使用条件.(3)研究范围内,较低的飞行马赫数使得流场控制方案出口截面的总压恢复系数略有升高,但对周向畸变指数有着不利影响.此外,随着攻角从-4°增加到8°,出口总压恢复系数和周向畸变指数均逐渐降低.而当侧滑角从0°变化到6°时总压恢复系数几乎不变,但大侧滑角给周向畸变指数带来的不利影响较为显著.(4)在飞行马赫数Ma0=0.6～0.85,攻角α=-4°～8°,β=0°～6°的范围内,匹配点处进气道的总压恢复系数在0.936～0.961之间,周向畸变指数在1.4％～5.4％之间,综合畸变指数在3.8％～7.0％之间,表明采用流场控制后的进气道方案已达到实用水平.     

Calibration errors in determining slant Total Electron Content (TEC) from multi-GNSS data

The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is presently a powerful tool for sensing the Earth's ionosphere. For this purpose, the ionospheric measurements (IMs), which are by definition slant total electron content biased by satellite and receiver differential code biases (DCBs), need to be first extracted from GNSS data and then used as inputs for further ionospheric representations such as tomography. By using the customary phase-to-code leveling procedure, this research comparatively evaluates the calibration errors on experimental IMs obtained from three GNSS, namely the US Global Positioning System (GPS), the Chinese BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), and the European Galileo. On the basis of ten days of dual-frequency, triple-GNSS observations collected from eight co-located ground receivers that independently form short-baselines and zero-baselines, the IMs are determined for each receiver for all tracked satellites and then for each satellite differenced for each baseline to evaluate their calibration errors. As first derived from the short-baseline analysis, the effects of calibration errors on IMs range, in total electron content units, from 1.58 to 2.16, 0.70 to 1.87, and 1.13 to 1.56 for GPS, Galileo, and BDS, respectively. Additionally, for short-baseline experiment, it is shown that the code multipath effect accounts for their main budget. Sidereal periodicity is found in single-differenced (SD) IMs for GPS and BDS geostationary satellites, and the correlation of SD IMs over two consecutive days achieves the maximum value when the time tag is around 4?min. Moreover, as byproducts of zero-baseline analysis, daily between-receiver DCBs for GPS are subject to more significant intra-day variations than those for BDS and Galileo.     

2.4m跨声速风洞流场预测自抗扰控制

针对2.4 m跨声速风洞总压和马赫数控制具有强耦合、时滞、系统参数摄动和外界干扰不确定性等特点，设计了预测自抗扰控制。采用自抗扰控制（ADRC），将总压和马赫数两个通道之间的耦合、流场建模误差、系统的参数摄动和外界干扰等视为总干扰，通过扩张状态观测器（ESO）将总干扰估算出来并进行前馈补偿，一方面可以实现总压和马赫数的解耦控制，另一方面提高了流场的抗干扰能力。同时使用Smith预估器得到系统无时延输出并将其反馈至扩张状态观测器，加快其收敛速度，从而提高控制系统的性能。仿真结果表明，该控制器能够很好地实现总压和马赫数的解耦，并且具有良好的动态特性、抗干扰能力和鲁棒性。     

Improving the modeling of bottomside thickness parameters over midlatitudes and high latitudes

This paper investigates bottomside thickness parameters at Digisonde stations over midlatitude and high latitude regions, and compares the diurnal, seasonal, and solar activity variations in 2014 and 2009. The geographic latitudes of high latitude considered in this work are located beyond ±60° and those of midlatitude are located between ±40° and ±60°. The IRI-modeled B0 with ABT-2009 option (B0_IRI) are also examined and compared with four kinds of the B0 values, i.e., the observed B0 (B0_obs) from GIRO, the computed B0 following to Jamjareegulgarn et al. (2017a) (B0_old), the calculated B0 with a correction factor regarding to Jamjareegulgarn et al. (2017b) (B0_new), and the B0 with an average correction factor (B0_new_c_av). The average correction factors are proposed additionally in this work so as to assist occasionally the experimental B0 nonexistence of Digisonde which are equal to 0.2658 and 0.2058 for midlatitudes and high latitudes, respectively. Results show that the diurnal variations of B0_new and B0_new_c_av are in a good agreement with those of B0_obs evidently compared with those of B0_IRI and B0_old at every station during the three seasons over high and middle latitudes. During the three seasons, the diurnal variations of B0_new_c_av show similar trends and are close to one another with the B0_obs and the B0_new with small deviations. The differences between the B0obs and the B0_new_c_av also show similar trends and are close to one another with those between the B0obs and the B0_new. In contrast, the B0_IRI with ABT-2009 option seems to predict the B0 values poorly during the three seasons at high latitudes and some seasons at midlatitudes. The proposed B0_new is useful for computing approximately the observed B0 and the ionogram-based total electron content (ITEC) of Digisonde, and the plasma scale height over midlatitudes and high latitudes.