机体对超音速进气道性能的影响

提供的结果来自飞机进气道的设计和性能研究,分析所用的数据来源于进气道模型风洞实验和CFD数值模拟。通过对进气道在机身两侧、翼下、机身下等布局的进气道性能对比,评估了机体对进气道的干扰影响。借助于数值模拟技术,得出进气道进口前流场特性。通过对进气道出口总压的测量和进气道进口波系及喉道处流动的数值模拟计算,归纳出进气道出口平均总压恢复系数和图谱的趋势。     

燃烧室长度对固体燃料超燃冲压发动机燃烧室性能的影响

基于国外研究者完成的固体燃料超燃冲压发动机的实验数据,通过分别改变燃烧室等直段长度和扩张段长度,对不同总长的燃烧室工作过程进行数值模拟.采用基于压力的2阶迎风差分数值方法,物理模型为轴对称结构,燃烧模型采用有限速率/涡耗散模型(finite-rate/eddy-dissipation),湍流模型采用SST(shear stress transport) k-ω模型.聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)燃料进口边界由用户自定义函数的方式给定,分别分析了不同长度,即不同等直段长度或扩张段长度下超燃冲压发动机燃烧室内流场特性及其性能变化.结果表明:随着等直段长度的增大,燃烧室出口处燃烧效率逐渐减小,从72.74%降低至66.81%,而燃烧室内总压损失逐渐减小,燃烧室推力逐渐增大,可由85.83N增加至108.55N;改变扩张段长度,发现扩长段长度变化对燃烧室流场结构的影响较小,随着扩张段长度的增大,燃烧室出口燃烧效率和燃烧室推力都略微减小.在燃烧室长度的设计范围内,增大等直段的长度要比增大扩张段长度对提升燃烧室各项性能有帮助.      

涡轮叶栅端壁二次流动与换热的V2F模拟

针对低展弦比涡轮叶栅端壁区亚声速流动及换热,采用基于线性涡黏假设的V2F模型开展了数值模拟.结果表明：涡轮叶栅流动中存在马蹄涡、通道涡、压力侧角涡、吸力侧角涡等多种复杂涡系结构,其中马蹄涡与通道涡是涡轮叶栅二次损失的主要来源.端壁换热与马蹄涡及通道涡强度及位置直接相关,并呈现明显的分区特征.端壁极限流线结果显示,V2F模型模拟的端壁单马蹄涡分离线与实验结果吻合,优于SST （shear stress transport）k-ω模型模拟的端壁双马蹄涡分离线.V2F模型引入了新的湍流尺度,在马蹄涡及通道涡位置、端壁静压损失系数分布、叶栅出口总压损失分布及端壁Standon数分布等方面均与实验结果吻合较好,对叶栅气动损失及端壁换热有良好的预测能力.     

转子叶尖间隙形状对跨声速轴流压气机性能影响机理分析

为研究转子不同叶尖间隙形状对跨声速轴流压气机性能的影响机理,分别对平行式叶尖间隙进行渐变式和阶梯式改型 优化,并利用商业软件NUMECA进行数值模拟。结果表明：对平行式叶尖间隙进行渐变式和阶梯式改型优化后,压气机性能有较 大提高,改型后 0.204-0.408的各类间隙压气机性能优于 0.408-0.204间隙的。相比较平行间隙 PTC 0.204-0.204,渐变式 TTC 0.204-0.408和阶梯式STC 0.204-0.408的失速裕度分别提高1.12%和1.61%,峰值效率基本不变,同时近失速工况下的总压比和效 率也略有提高。叶尖泄漏涡得到抑制,间隙处的流体低速区明显减小,流动损失减小,流场得到较大改善。转子通道的总压比在 85%叶高处明显提高,分别提高了1.01%和3.13%。阶梯式叶尖间隙压气机的静子通道40%叶高处总压损失系数减小达75.4%。 对平行式叶尖间隙进行改型处理能够有效提高压气机性能,且阶梯式叶尖间隙比渐变式的对压气机性能提高的效果更加显著。     

航空工业系统实施总量控制的保障措施

本文在研究“九五”全国主要污染物排放总量控制计划及实施方案的基础上，分析了航空工业的排污现状，总结和综合了试点单位的经验，提出了航空工业系统实施总量控制的保障措施，可供其他工业部门借鉴。     

直升机机电综合管理系统发展趋势及关键技术分析

飞机机电系统是指执行飞行保障功能的飞机子系统的总称。目前直升机机电系统基本上都是独立地分布在载体的各个部位,走线纵横交错,形成"散、乱、杂"的局面。简单介绍机电综合管理系统(UMS,utility management systems)的发展过程并分析直升机实现机电综合管理的关键技术。     

NeQuick 2 and IRI Plas VTEC predictions for low latitude and South American sector

Using vertical total electron content (VTEC) measurements obtained from GPS satellite signals the capability of the NeQuick 2 and IRI Plas models to predict VTEC over the low latitude and South American sector is analyzed. In the present work both models were used to calculate VTEC up to the height of GPS satellites. Also, comparisons between the performance of IRI Plas and IRI 2007 have been done. The data correspond to June solstice and September equinox 1999 (high solar activity) and they were obtained at nine stations. The considered latitude range extends from 18.4°N to ?64.7°N and the longitude ranges from 281.3°E to 295.9°E in the South American sector. The greatest discrepancies among model predictions and the measured VTEC are obtained at low latitudes stations placed in the equatorial anomaly region. Underestimations as strong as 40?TECU [1?TECU?=?10¹⁶?m^?2] can be observed at BOGT station for September equinox, when NeQuick2 model is used. The obtained results also show that: (a) for June solstice, in general the performance of IRI Plas for low latitude stations is better than that of NeQuick2 and, vice versa, for highest latitudes the performance of NeQuick2 is better than that of IRI Plas. For the stations TUCU and SANT both models have good performance; (b) for September equinox the performances of the models do not follow a clearly defined pattern as in the other season. However, it can be seen that for the region placed between the Northern peak and the valley of the equatorial anomaly, in general, the performance of IRI Plas is better than that of NeQuick2 for hours of maximum ionization. From TUCU to the South, the best TEC predictions are given by NeQuick2.The source of the observed deviations of the models has been explored in terms of CCIR foF2 determination in the available ionosonde stations in the region. Discrepancies can be also related to an unrealistic shape of the vertical electron density profile and or an erroneous prediction of the plasmaspheric contribution to the vertical total electron content. Moreover, the results of this study could be suggesting that in the case of NeQuick, the underestimation trend could be due to the lack of a proper plasmaspheric model in its topside representation. In contrast, the plasmaspheric model included in IRI, leads to clear overestimations of GPS derived TEC.     

大气总温传感器误差修正方法研究

大气总温的准确测量对民用飞机的飞行安全至关重要。以古德里奇公司的102CP2AG总温传感器为例．详细论述了总温测量过程中对恢复系数、时间常数、自加热、防冰加热等误差的修正原理与使用方法。     

遗传神经网络PID控制技术研究与应用

针对空调控制系统非线性、大滞后、时变性等特点,通过对中央空调总风量控制法的研究,提出了采用遗传算法神经网络PID控制方法,使空调控制系统具有较高的控制精度和良好的动态特性。仿真及实验结果表明该方法有效可行。     

混粉、常规电火花加工通用储液箱的研制

利用水力旋流器对固体颗粒的分级、分离功能,设计了一种既能用于常规电火花加工又能用于混 粉电火花镜面加工的通用型储液箱。