基于铣削力的刀具磨损监控研究

以铣削实验为基础,分析了铣削力中包含的与刀具磨损状态有关的频谱特征,分析了切削用量对切削力功率谱的影响,对比了切削力各分量的特征对刀具磨损状态的反映.从对铣削力功率谱的分析中得出:径向力功率谱对刀具磨损状态更敏感,其中有与刀具磨损状态密切相关的特征频段,而切削用量对该特征频段的影响不明显;还通过对切削力的时域分析,讨论了铣削力中径向力和切向力的分力比值对刀具磨损状态的反映.     

冗余测量参数估计的四种数学模型

针对冗余测量的不同情况,提出了四种数学模型及其解算公式,并给出了估计值误差的计算方法。     

Experimental investigation of rotary sinking electrochemical discharge milling with high-conductivity salt solution and non-pulsed direct current

Electrochemical milling is a modified technique of traditional electrochemical machining (ECM) that can be used to manufacture some helicopter transmission system parts. The use of rotary tools and an inner-jet electrolyte supply pattern can greatly improve the material removal rate (MRR) in a single pass. However, the feed speed is generally limited to minimize the tool wear. To increase the MRR, electrical discharge machining (EDM) is introduced into the electrochemical milling process. The tool rotation is employed to interrupt the discharge and the high-conductivity salt solution and non-pulsed direct current power supply are also adopted to increase ECM, eventually, a new machining method is proposed, which can be called rotary sinking electrochemical discharge milling (RSECD milling). The mechanism of it is explored in this study by analyzing the machined current, MRR, surface morphology, and tool wear at different applied voltages and feed speeds. Besides, the RSECD milling using the tool with a larger diameter is also conducted to further verify the effectiveness. In particular, the MRR can be increased by 742.5% when using the tool with a diameter of 20 mm at the applied voltage of 20 V.     

卡尔曼平滑在动态推力测量中的应用

首次将卡尔曼平滑应用于固体火箭发动机地面热试车时的动态推力测量,提供了一个便于工程应用且有较高精度的动态推力测量的新方法。根据固体火箭发动机理论推导出推力的动态模型;研究噪声方差和初始条件的确定方法及估计的稳定性、敛散性。继而进行了数学仿真实验,并对实际发动机推力采样数据进行了处理。分析与处理结果表明:卡尔曼平滑应用于动态推力测量是行之有效的。     

基于灰色聚类的磨粒自动识别

 将灰色系统理论中的聚类分析技术用于磨损颗粒的自动识别, 编制了相应的计算机模拟程序。在对磨粒图象的形态特征参数进行敏感性分析的基础上, 确定了各参数的灰类白化权函数, 并结合磨粒识别的试验研究, 给出了磨粒各特征参数的聚类权值。应用此方法对一组标准磨粒进行了模拟识别, 识别正确率在90% 以上, 并且识别速度很快, 大大优于传统的磨粒识别方法。     

Optimal assimilation for ionospheric weather – Theoretical aspect

Observation, specification and prediction of ionospheric weather are the key scientific pursuits of space physicists, which largely based on an optimal assimilation system. The optimal assimilation system, or commonly called data assimilation system, consists of dynamic process, observation system and optimal estimation procedure. We attempt to give a complete framework in this paper under which the data assimilation procedure carries through. We discuss some crucial issues of data assimilation as follows: modeling a dynamic system for ionospheric weather; state estimation for static or steady system in sense of optimization and likelihood; state and its uncertainty estimation for dynamic process. Meanwhile we also discuss briefly the observability of an observation system; system parameter identification. Some data assimilation procedures existed at present are reviewed in the framework of this paper. As an example, a second order dynamic system is discussed in more detail to illustrate the specific optimal assimilation procedure, ranging from modeling the system, state and its uncertainty calculation, to the quantitatively integration of dynamic law, measurement to significantly reduce the estimation error. The analysis shows that the optimal assimilation model, with mathematical core of optimal estimation, differs from the theoretical, empirical and semi-empirical models in assimilating measured data, being constrained by physical law and being optimized respectively. The data assimilation technique, due to its optimization and integration feature, could obtain better accurate results than those obtained by dynamic process, measurement or their statistical analysis alone. The model based on optimal assimilation meets well with the criterion of the model or algorithm assessment by ‘space weather metrics’. More attention for optimal assimilation procedure creation should be paid to transition matrix finding, which is usually not easy for practical space weather system. High performance computing hardware and software studies should be promoted further so as to meet the requirement of large storage and extensive computation in the optimal estimation. The discussion in this paper is appropriate for the static or steady state or transition process of dynamic system. Many phenomena in space environment are unstable and chaos. So space environment study should include and integrate these two branches of learning. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

涡轴发动机动力涡轮模拟轴动力特性研究

应用有限元方法完成了某新型涡轴发动机动力涡轮模拟实心轴动力特性-l临界转速、振型和不平衡响应的计算，分析了平衡卡箍对模拟轴动力特性的影响。最后进行了试验验证。计算和试验结果均表明：平衡卡箍对模拟轴临界转速和不平衡响应的影响甚微，对振型几乎无影响，是平衡细长高速柔性转子的理想平衡工装。     

TC4的铣削加工中铣削力和刀具磨损研究

通过TC4铣削加工时的铣削力试验,研究了干切削时和有氮气介质铣削时影响铣削力大小的几个因素,为提高金属去除率优化了切削参数。同时通过刀具磨损试验,对上述两种铣削方式,比较了在不同的切削速度下铣削时铣刀后刀面的磨损,证实了以氮气为切削介质能够大大地改善刀具的磨损状况和提高刀具的寿命。     

提高铸造高速钢模具韧性和耐磨性的研究

用Re-Mg-Ti对低碳铸造高速钢(6W6Mo5Cr4V)模具进行变质处理,消除了钢中网状共晶碳化物,细化了基体组织,还可减轻W、Mo元素偏析。变质处理后,高速钢硬度、红硬性和强度变化不大,断裂韧性和疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值有所提高,冲击韧性提高1倍以上,耐磨性也明显提高,可以实现“以铸代锻”。     

基于Bootstrap滤波的单站无源定位算法

针对非线性测量下的被动定位问题,建立了只测角定位模型。讨论了一种基于贝叶斯理论的 Bootstrap 滤波算法,并将该算法与扩展卡尔曼滤波算法进行了比较,仿真结果表明Bootstrap 滤波算法定位精度更高,抗噪声性能更强。