单轴台的大角度姿态快速机动联合控制方法

为验证小卫星大角度姿态快速机动与高精度稳定控制能力,基于单轴气浮台硬件仿真环境,提出了一种利用推力器与飞轮组合的联合控制策略.采用相平面控制技术与有限时间控制理论设计控制器,利用推力器实现无超调的快速机动控制,利用飞轮实现有限时间内的高精度稳定控制,使单轴台在有限时间内快速高精度稳定于目标姿态.物理仿真结果表明:该方法在有限时间内完成单轴台快速稳定控制的同时,可有效避免机动过程中的超调现象,且能有效规避推力器的频繁开关与飞轮的过快饱和等问题.     

Demonstration of a high sensitivity GNSS software receiver for indoor positioning

Advances in signal processing techniques contributed to the significant improvements of GNSS receiver performance in dense multipath environments and created the opportunities for a new category of high-sensitivity GNSS (HS-GNSS) receivers that can provide GNSS location services in indoor environments. The difficulties in improving the availability, reliability, and accuracy of these indoor capable GNSS receivers exceed those of the receivers designed for the most hostile urban canyon environments. The authors of this paper identified the vector tracking schemes, signal propagation statistics, and parallel processing techniques that are critical to a robust HS-GNSS receiver for indoor environments and successfully incorporated them into a fully functional high-sensitivity software receiver. A flexible vector-based receiver architecture is introduced to combine these key indoor signal processing technologies into GSNRx-hs™ – the high sensitivity software navigation receiver developed at the University of Calgary. The resulting receiver can perform multi-mode vector tracking in indoor environment at various levels of location and timing uncertainties. In addition to the obvious improvements in time-to-first-fix (TTFF) and signal sensitivity, the field test results in indoor environments surrounded by wood, glass, and concrete showed that the new techniques effectively improved the performance of indoor GNSS positioning. With fine GNSS timing, the proposed receiver can consistently deliver indoor navigation solution with the horizontal accuracy of 2–15 m depending on the satellite geometry and the indoor environments. If only the coarse GNSS timing is available, the horizontal accuracy of the indoor navigation solution from the proposed receiver is around 30 m depending on the coarse timing accuracy, the satellite geometry, and the indoor environments. From the preliminary field test results, it has been observed that the signal processing sensitivity is the dominant factor on the availability of the indoor navigation solution, while the GNSS timing accuracy is the dominant factor on the accuracy of the indoor navigation solution.     

Real time localization of gamma ray bursts with INTEGRAL

The INTEGRAL satellite has been successfully launched in October 2002 and has recently started its operational phase. The INTEGRAL burst alert system (IBAS) will distribute in real time the coordinates of the gamma ray bursts (GRBs) detected with INTEGRAL. After a brief introduction on the INTEGRAL instruments, we describe the main IBAS characteristics and report on the initial results. During the initial performance and verification phase of the INTEGRAL mission, which lasted about two months, two GRBs have been localized with accuracy of 2–4 arcmin. These observations have allowed us to validate the IBAS software, which is now expected to provide quick (few seconds delay) and precise (few arcmin) localization for 10–15 GRBs per year.     

Ada动态测试中遗传算法的参数编码方法

介绍了将遗传算法应用在Ada程序结构测试中,被测单元参数按照遗传算法的运算规则进行编码的原则与方法.首先,介绍了包括枚举类型和变长数组的基本数据类型的参数编码方法.由于Ada语言允许使用动态数据结构类型的参数,如何在一个较高自动化的动态测试工具中实现对动态数据结构的自动测试,成为首要关注的问题.因此文中着重介绍了Ada程序的动态数据结构在遗传算法中的编码方法.     

IGS电离层产品在双向时间频率传递中的应用

利用IGS组织提供的全球电离层资料对卫星双向时间频率传递中的电离层误差进行修正。IGS提供特定时刻、固定经纬度网格点上的电离层总电子含量。对该电离层资料首先进行空间四点网格内插,然后利用双线性内插得到电离层穿刺点所需时刻的总电子含量,最后将得到电离层数据经过处理用于双向时间频率传递修正。结果表明：电离层对C波段的影响在（0～0.5）ns范围内,这对亚纳秒量级的时间比对是必须考虑的。IGS提供的电离层产品适合应用于双向时间频率传递,具有方法简单、准确度高和价格低廉等特点。     

预估Fuzzy-PID在中央空调控制系统中的应用

电加热常作为中央空调的末端设备置于被调节房间风道入口处,微调加热以提高温度控制精度,为此提出一种电加热温度控制方法,采用预估Fuzzy-PID复合控制算法,通过对加热功率的调节进行闭环控制,实现控制点温度的稳定控制.新的控制算法结合了smith预估控制、Fuzzy和PID控制器的优点.在MATLAB环境中仿真预估Fuzzy-PID控制中央空调末端电加热,结果表明该控制方法能提高温度稳定性并降低能耗,控制精度达到±0.1℃.该控制方法同样适用于其它含有电加热元件的场合.      

软件总线体系结构的研究与应用

设计一种轻量级软件总线体系结构,将软件总线思想引入到单机软件系统的定制与集成.软件总线技术源于分布式异构环境搭建提出的,应用于分布式系统.对传统软件总线结构进行改进,采用双总线结构,摒除不必要的分布式功能,使轻量级软件总线成为一种适用于单机环境的软件体系结构.通过创建一个基于轻量级软件总线体系结构的模拟银行服务排队系统,验证轻量级软件总线作为单机软件系统的搭建架构具有可行性.     

原子时自动测量及数据采集系统

介绍了普通的时间实验室的时频测量,实现自动测量和数据收集的基本系统方案,并以上海天文台原子时实验室为例介绍了实际可行的自动测量和数据收集系统,这个系统高性能、低价格,可应用于国内几乎所有的时间实验室。     

机载图像无损/近无损压缩方案及其FPGA实现

根据机载图像压缩和传输的特点,在改进JPEG-LS算法基础上,设计了一种有效的图像无损/近无损压缩方案.该方案由去相关处理、熵编码及压缩位率控制三部分组成.去相关处理部分解决了JPEG-LS预测模型本身的误码扩散问题,熵编码部分使用快速有效的Golomb熵编码器完成对预测误差的编码,同时解决了机载应用中数据传输率恒定条件下压缩码率的控制问题.对压缩算法现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)设计中的一些关键问题也给出了有效的解决途径,从而形成了一套完整、可行的机载图像压缩解决方案.最后通过FPGA实现和验证了压缩方案及逻辑设计的正确性和可行性.