基于虚拟慢时间的双基地ISAR成像算法

针对双基地角时变引起的逆合孔径雷达（ISAR）图像畸变和散焦问题，提出了一种基于虚拟慢时间的成像算法。首先，分析了双基地角时变对ISAR成像的影响机理。然后，基于图像对比度最大准则估计等效旋转中心位置，完成初次相位补偿。最后，通过虚拟慢时间构建基于非均匀虚拟采样的补偿系数矩阵，并通过方位向非均匀傅里叶变换得到目标的ISAR像。算法基于图像对比度最大准则解决等效旋转中心位置估计问题，通过虚拟慢时间消除转动相位项的高次项影响，利用非均匀傅里叶变换解决随机虚拟采样的谱估计问题。理论分析和仿真结果验证了算法的有效性和鲁棒性。     

基于双镜反射法的亚角秒级小角度测量

针对工程应用中对静态或低频动态微小角度的高精度测量需求，基于双平面镜多次反射增大光线反射角的方法构建了一种二维偏转角度测量装置。分析了双镜反射法的计算原理，提出了一种评价测角不确定度的方法，进行了光路仿真和实测数据的比对，结果表明：利用该方法的测角装置可实现优于0.1″的测角精度，且测量结果稳定可靠，适用于静态或低频动态微小角度的精确测量。     

基于ADE7858的交流电源监测模块设计

讨论了交流电源参数测量的技术路线选择，介绍了基于ADE7858智能计量芯片的交流电源监测模块的系统结构，ADE7858电路的硬件、软件设计、参数校准及整机性能测试情况，采用ADE7858智能计量芯片，简化了模块软硬件设计，提高了参数测量精度，实现了交流电源参数数字化测量，硬件电路简单，软件代码少，采样参数多并且精度高，可靠性好，性能稳定，可以满足军工产品的应用需求。     

一种改进的声反卷积相关声源定位方法

基于传声器阵列的声源定位算法的性能优劣决定了气动噪声试验检测中气动噪声源定位成像的准确性。为了提高相关声源定位方法的稳健性和准确性，提出一种改进的声反卷积相关声源定位方法——D-MACS（Developed-Mapping of Acoustic Correlated Sources）方法。该方法的特点是：在传统MACS方法的基础上，将声反卷积模型进行改进，使模型体现出声场空间扫描点声压互谱矩阵与互谱波束形成输出矩阵之间的数学关系，其最终获得的声源定位结果，能够提高MACS方法声源定位辨识的稳健性和准确性。通过仿真信号研究和声学风洞环境中的声源定位试验研究，比较了DAS（Delay And Sum beamformming）、DAMAS-C（Deconvolution Approach for the Mapping of Acoustic Correlated Sources）、MACS和D-MACS这4种方法的声源定位性能，验证了D-MACS方法在声源定位性能上的优势。     

基于多特征融合的航天器锂电池健康评估技术

传统的航天器蓄电池可靠性试验按照最大放电深度进行定额充放电，所构建的失效模型用于支撑航天器总体可靠性设计，不能用于在轨锂离子蓄电池健康评估任务；航天器在蓄电池遥测的采样率、精度、样本量方面无法与民用领域相比，基于高采样、大样本的民用蓄电池健康估计方法也不适用于在轨锂离子蓄电池健康评估。针对该问题，从在轨航天器蓄电池数据特性出发，挖掘在轨状态下所能提取的退化特征，并采用多特征综合评价方法，设计了一种基于多特征融合的在轨锂离子蓄电池健康评估方法，实现了在轨蓄电池放电内阻、同放电深度下的终端电压、恒压充电时间3项退化特征融合的健康量化评估，应用于某型号卫星的在轨监测与健康评估，具有良好的工程实用性，可作为国内航天器健康评估技术的参考。     

Comparison of convergence time and positioning accuracy among BDS,GPS and BDS/GPS precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution

Precise point positioning (PPP) usually takes about 30?min to obtain centimetre-level accuracy, which greatly limits its application. To address the drawbacks of convergence speed and positioning accuracy, we develop a PPP model with integrated GPS and BDS observations. Based on the method, stations with global coverage are selected to estimate the fractional cycle bias (FCB) of GPS and BDS. The short-term and long-term time series of wide-lane (WL) FCB, and the single day change of narrow-lane (NL) FCB are analysed. It is found that the range of GPS and BDS non-GEO (IGSO and MEO) WL FCB is stable at up to a 30-day-time frame. At times frame of up to 60?days, the stability is reduced a lot. Whether for short-term or long-term, the changes in the BDS GEO WL FCB are large. Moreover, BDS FCB sometimes undergoes a sudden jump. Besides, 17 and 10 stations were used respectively to investigate the convergence speed and positioning errors with six strategies: BDS ambiguity-float PPP (Bfloat), GPS ambiguity-float PPP (Gfloat), BDS/GPS ambiguity-float PPP (BGfloat), BDS ambiguity-fixed PPP (Bfix), GPS ambiguity-fixed (Gfix), and BDS/GPS ambiguity-fixed (BGfix). The average convergence speed of the ambiguity-fixed solution is greatly improved compared with the ambiguity-float solution. In terms of the average convergence time, the Bfloat is the longest and the BGfix is the shortest among these six strategies. Whether for ambiguity-float PPP or ambiguity-fixed PPP, the convergence reduction time in three directions for the combined system is the largest compared with the single BDS. The average RMS value of the Bfix in three directions (easting (E), northing (N), and up (U)) are 2.0?cm, 1.5?cm, and 5.9?cm respectively, while those of the Gfix are 0.8?cm, 0.5?cm, and 1.7?cm. Compared with single system, the BDS/GPS combined ambiguity-fixed system (BGfix) has the fastest convergence speed and the highest accuracy, with average RMS as 0.7?cm, 0.5?cm, and 1.9?cm for the E, N, U components, respectively.     

Air-LUSI: A robotic telescope design for lunar spectral measurements

This paper presents the mechanical design of a new robotic telescope that was designed and built to acquire lunar spectral measurements from the science pod of NASA's ER-2 aircraft while flying at an altitude of 70,000 feet (21.34 km). The robotic telescope used a double gimbal design that allowed for target tracking in azimuth and elevation. In addition to the challenging and restrictive geometry of the science pod, each component needed to be carefully selected to ensure that they could withstand the operating conditions at high altitude such as harsh temperatures extending as low as −54 °C and atmospheric pressure less than 1.05 psi (7.23 kPa). Due to the cold temperatures, low atmospheric pressure and the likely exposure to moisture, high strength industrial linear actuators were used to create an adjustable linkage system that controlled the pointing and tracking of the telescope. Although unconventional, this allowed for a robust design that outperformed the team's expectations by tracking the Moon for 40 min with an average tracking error under 0.05°. The results presented within this paper were acquired during a first set of engineering test flights, with further scientific missions to follow.     

数字化干涉仪测角技术

数字化干涉仪测角采用的是高精度数字鉴相技术，该技术与传统的模拟鉴相技术相比可以大幅度提高鉴相精度，从而满足高精度干涉仪测角的要求。基于数字干涉仪鉴相算法，通过两路正交本振信号分别与两路待测相信号相乘，使用CIC 滤波器除乘积中的高频信号，最后通过CORDIC 算法计算出相位差。经过干涉仪测角模拟器上测试结果表明，其数字鉴相误差小于0.2°。     

飞机过载与过载表的指示

阐述了飞机过载和过载指标值的意义，指出过载表正确测试飞机过载的条件，并说明了Ｌ８飞机前、后舱中过载表指示的不一致性及仪表指示值的修正计算问题。     

浅析不确定度与误差的概念与方法──兼评“精度”等用语

为推行ＩＳＯ１９９３（Ｅ）测量不确定度表示指南，就测量不确定度与测量误差概念上的异同、测量不确定度评定与测量误差分析的关系以及“精度”等用语阐述作者的一些见解。