防空雷达精确预警关键技术研究

精确化防空是未来防空作战的发展趋势,而精确预警是精确防空作战的前提和基础。针对防空雷达精确预警存在的不足,研究了基于“北斗一号”卫星定位系统的精确标定和时间校准的方法,探讨了提高防空雷达预警探测精度的方法,在空间校准、时间统一的基础上研究了雷达组网的数据融合问题。     

面向复杂构型飞机的非定常气动力建模与辨识

不论是现代高机动隐身战斗机的设计需求还是常规布局飞机的飞行动力学分析,深入研究大迎角飞行时的非线性非定常气动力模型都极其重要。基于纵向运动小振幅及大振幅强迫振荡试验数据,分析了常规稳定导数模型的准确性,并从导数模型出发发展了简化涡流和分离流时间迟滞效应的非定常气动力线性模型和非线性模型,最后应用风洞典型机动历程模拟试验验证了模型的有效性。结果表明：对于复杂构型高机动飞机模型,发展并改进的非线性微分方程模型可以准确预测飞机不同机动下的非定常气动力特性,具有较强的工程可行性。     

面向多级中断系统的任务最差响应时间分析

针对航天嵌入式系统中存在多级中断情况下的时间分析问题,提出了中断与任务混合的响应时间计算模型。该模型中断与任务使用统一的优先级定义,将多级中断嵌套的响应时间分析与任务嵌套的响应时间分析相结合,推导出了混合模型下响应时间计算公式。并进一步比较了中断与任务的异同,阐述了公式中关键参数的含义与计算方法。最后利用开源的LEON3平台和Modelsim软件对所述方法进行了仿真验证,结果表明,任务最差响应时间过估小于5%,可以得到准确的分析结果,有较高的工程应用价值。     

遥测伪周期时间序列子序列异常检测算法

针对现有异常检测算法用于伪周期时间序列异常序列检测时易造成误差累积,导致序列周期与特征值上显著差异的不足,文章以卫星遥测伪周期时序数据为对象,综合两种常规分段方法的优势,提出了最大周期窗宽内基于极值的模式子序列分段算法。在此基础上,给出了一种基于均序列动态生成模型的子序列异常检测方法（AnomalySubsequenceDetectionmethodbasedonOptimizedSequenceModel,ASD_OSM）,并采用2次四分位距准则（DoubleQuantilerangescriterion,2Q准则）设置距离检测门限阈值,将超出阈值的序列判定为异常序列。某航天器传感器遥测子序列异常检测试验结果表明,提出的检测方法能够有效减少漏判,提高卫星遥测伪周期数据异常序列检测的准确性。     

星载大型柔性索网天线重力环境下的型面调试

大口径柔性索网天线在地面环境下重力变形较大,且变形与天线反射面的制造误差始终交织在一起从而影响天线型面精度调试。针对这一问题,文章给出了反射面各类误差的定义,提出了制造误差与天线口面向上和口面向下不同放置状态型面误差的相互关系并予以证明;通过对这些关系式的运用降低了反射面重力变形与反射面制造误差的耦合程度,为反射器在重力环境下的型面调试指明了方向;此外结合工程需求给出了索网天线型面调试的流程,在实际工作中利用该流程可以有效地减少天线翻转调整次数,提高索网天线的型面调整效率。     

机翼用铝合金材料原始疲劳质量对比

当前航空工业的发展对于超高强铝合金材料的需求十分迫切,实现该材料的国产化并达到良好的质量效果至关重要。为了对中国航空工业中常用的7XXX新型铝合金材料的原始疲劳质量（IFQ）进行评估,选取裂纹萌生时间（TTCI）和当量初始缺陷尺寸（EIFS）作为对比参量,分别对中国飞机机翼用7XXX紧固孔试件和俄系BXXX紧固孔试件开展了低、中、高3种应力水平下的疲劳试验,通过对比分析得到了两种试件在不同应力水平下的TTCI趋于一致,最大仅相差3.71%;得到了每个试件的EIFS,应用疲劳统计学方法验证了两种试件材料各自的EIFS值无显著性差异;提出了一种不同超越概率下的结构细节当量初始缺陷模型,直接有效地对飞机结构细节的质量风险进行了评估;建立并对比分析了两种试件结构细节的通用EIFS分布,结果均小于中国军用手册规定的0.125 mm,且在超越概率为5%时,7XXX材料的通用EIFS值要小于BXXX材料的通用EIFS值。     

Adaptive path planning for unmanned aerial vehicles based on bi-level programming and variable planning time interval

This paper presents an adaptive path planner for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to adapt a real-time path search procedure to variations and fluctuations of UAVs’ relevant performances, with respect to sensory capability, maneuverability, and flight velocity limit. On the basis of a novel adaptability-involved problem statement, bi-level programming (BLP) and variable planning step techniques are introduced to model the necessary path planning components and then an adaptive path planner is developed for the purpose of adaptation and optimization. Additionally, both probabilistic-risk-based obstacle avoidance and performance limits are described as path search constraints to guarantee path safety and navigability. A discrete-search-based path planning solution, embedded with four optimization strategies, is especially designed for the planner to efficiently generate optimal flight paths in complex operational spaces, within which different surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) are deployed. Simulation results in challenging and stochastic scenarios firstly demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed planner, and then verify its great adaptability and relative stability when planning optimal paths for a UAV with changing or fluctuating performances.     

航空发动机导流叶片角度调节参数变化故障分析

某型发动机低压压气机进口导流叶片角度α1,其电子调节部分执行机构电磁活门的占空比(Sα),在整个调节过程中是起关键作用的重要参数,但在台架试车过程中曾多台次出现在不同次检查时Sα数值变化的故障。通过对α1主调节系统工作原理的深入分析,确定试车中Sα变化故障是由于燃油调节机构掺混入空气所致,并得到试车验证。本研究对发动机试车中类似故障的排除具有重要的参考意义。     

一种转台角位置定位精度检测方法

角位置定位精度和速率精度是转台产品的最主要两项技术指标,转台产品均需检测。其中角位置精度检测方法的操作步骤多,影响因素多。本文从角位置精度的检测方法,检测步骤和检测技巧等方面进行初步的剖析,重点阐述用24面体进行位置精度检定中的过程与方法。     

Demonstration of a high sensitivity GNSS software receiver for indoor positioning

Advances in signal processing techniques contributed to the significant improvements of GNSS receiver performance in dense multipath environments and created the opportunities for a new category of high-sensitivity GNSS (HS-GNSS) receivers that can provide GNSS location services in indoor environments. The difficulties in improving the availability, reliability, and accuracy of these indoor capable GNSS receivers exceed those of the receivers designed for the most hostile urban canyon environments. The authors of this paper identified the vector tracking schemes, signal propagation statistics, and parallel processing techniques that are critical to a robust HS-GNSS receiver for indoor environments and successfully incorporated them into a fully functional high-sensitivity software receiver. A flexible vector-based receiver architecture is introduced to combine these key indoor signal processing technologies into GSNRx-hs™ – the high sensitivity software navigation receiver developed at the University of Calgary. The resulting receiver can perform multi-mode vector tracking in indoor environment at various levels of location and timing uncertainties. In addition to the obvious improvements in time-to-first-fix (TTFF) and signal sensitivity, the field test results in indoor environments surrounded by wood, glass, and concrete showed that the new techniques effectively improved the performance of indoor GNSS positioning. With fine GNSS timing, the proposed receiver can consistently deliver indoor navigation solution with the horizontal accuracy of 2–15 m depending on the satellite geometry and the indoor environments. If only the coarse GNSS timing is available, the horizontal accuracy of the indoor navigation solution from the proposed receiver is around 30 m depending on the coarse timing accuracy, the satellite geometry, and the indoor environments. From the preliminary field test results, it has been observed that the signal processing sensitivity is the dominant factor on the availability of the indoor navigation solution, while the GNSS timing accuracy is the dominant factor on the accuracy of the indoor navigation solution.