飞机骨架结构方案的优化设计

为了能够有效地降低飞机结构承力件的重量,针对飞机骨架,以加强框和普通框以及翼梁的概念设计为研究内容,通过对“敏度阈值“概念的分析,指出其不足,提出了“改进的敏度阈值“概念,并与“约束补偿“策略结合而形成新的拓扑优化算法,用于上述结构件的材料布局优化设计.多个算例中的拓扑优化结果均显示其结构型式十分新颖,值得深入地探讨.由此可以得出3点结论:(1)采用CAD/CAE和拓扑优化相结合用于飞机结构件的初始方案设计是可行的;(2)作者提出的“改进的敏度阈值“拓扑优化算法是有效的;(3)构建一种具有良好操作性的、有别于经验设计的飞机结构件概念设计新方法.     

考虑阻尼性能的复合结构多尺度拓扑优化设计

最优阻尼复合结构应该是阻尼材料自身的材料性能和阻尼材料在板壳结构上的分布形态均是最优的。针对板壳阻尼复合结构的多尺度设计问题,建立了基于非比例阻尼模型的复合结构多尺度拓扑优化方法,实现了阻尼材料在宏微观两尺度上的协同设计,同时获得最优的阻尼材料宏观分布形态和微观构型。以结构模态阻尼比为目标,分别研究了复合结构的单目标和多目标多尺度设计问题。结果表明,在单目标设计中,当最大化结构的某一阶模态阻尼比时,优化后结构的该阶模态阻尼比最大,同时结构在该阶处的频率响应最小;在多目标设计中,以结构前3阶模态阻尼比之和为目标,虽然在每一阶处的性能劣于单目标设计结果,但是结构前3阶模态阻尼比的总体性能更优。同时,从微结构的构型可得,最优的微结构构型中低刚度高阻尼材料的分布相互连接,其损失模量（微结构复弹性矩阵的虚部）和阻尼因子（微结构复弹性矩阵的虚部与实部之比）都相对较高,且呈现负泊松比现象。优化后复合结构的动力学性能显著提高。     

Process-scheme-driven N C machining cell for automatic construction of aircraft structural parts

In order to enhance the NC programming efficiency and quality of aircraft structural parts （ASPs）, an intelligent NC programming pattern driven by process schemes is presented. In this pattern, the NC machining cell is the minimal organizational structure in the technological process, consisting of an operation machining volume cell, and the type and parameters of the machining operation. After the machining cell construction, the final NC program can be easily obtained in a CAD/CAM system by instantiating the machining operation for each machining cell. Accordingly, how to automatically establish the machining cells is a key issue in intelligent NC program- ming. On the basis of the NC machining craft of ASP, the paper aims to make an in-depth research on this issue. Firstly, some new terms about the residual volume and the machinable volume are defined, and then, the technological process is modeled with a process scheme. Secondly, the approach to building the machining cells is introduced, in which real-time complement machining is mainly considered to avoid interference and overcutting. Thirdly, the implementing algorithm is designed and applied to the Intelligent NC Programming System of ASP. Finally, the developed algorithm is validated through two case studies.     

基于CAD/CAPP结构的回转体图形显示处理技术研究

为更好地实现工程图形文件的读取与数据共享,促进CAD/CAPP模块工艺信息的表达与集成,现在车削加工自动编程系统中,以车削回转体图形文件为研究对象,主要通过CAD软件系统完成图形输入,并利用VC语言开发应用程序,编程实现文件的数据读取与数据处理,变成CAPP模块需要的基于特征的数据结构,最后结合OpenGL图形处理技术,完成对输入图形的三维绘制以及其他渲染处理,最终实现了CAD/CAPP/CAM的正确集成,为CAD/CAM系统集成提供了新的技术支持.     

整体硬质合金刀具二维码的直接激光标刻与检验

刀具信息条码的标刻和正确识读是刀具信息标识技术中最大的难点.以整体硬质合金刀具为研究对象,以Data Matrix二维码为刀具信息载体,采用直接激光标刻技术,在硬质合金表面进行刀具信息二维码的激光标刻试验.分析了激光标刻参数如功率、速率、频率等对标刻条码质量的影响,建立了面向整体硬质合金刀具的二维码信息直接激光标刻参数选择基准,并据此标刻出了清晰可读的刀具信息二维码.此外,通过条码信息可读性检验试验,分析了标刻条码的可识读程度与条码残缺度、光线、识读距离、识读角度等参数间的关系.结果表明,在条码定位边没有损坏和正常光线条件下识读距离和识读角度对条码可识读程度影响显著.     

小型薄片零件高速铣削加工试验研究

针对小型薄片结构零件切削过程中的变形问题,以薄片"一"字电极高速铣削加工试验为例,从编程方式、切削参数选用、工序安排、走刀路线等方面展开研究。控制其变形量达到最小,以满足产品设计要求。     

基于加权最小二乘法的大部件对接位姿评估算法研究

本文以定位器支撑的大部件调姿系统为研究对象,通过激光跟踪仪测得大部件上多个测点坐标数据.针对各点在不同坐标系下测量点值不匹配且各点精度要求有差异的问题,提出了最小二乘法评估大部件位姿的模型,并利用权值实现对多个测点数据进行误差分配优化,为大型部件的位置姿态评估计算提供一套有效的解决方案.     

Inner wrinkling control in hydrodynamic deep drawing of an irregular surface part using drawbeads

Inner wrinkling phenomenon is more likely to develop during hydrodynamic deep drawing （HDD） of complicated component-forms due to the higher demand for controlling deformation sequences. Aiming at the problems in control of inner wrinkling for an irregular surface part featured with both concavity and convex, this research proposes an optimal design method of drawbead parameters to change the material flow. According to theoretical analysis of the mechanism of inner wrinkling, optimizing cavity pressure only is unreasonable to form a wrinkle-free deep-drawn part, so semi-circular drawbeads are employed. The effects of layout and height of drawbeads on forming results are discussed, and a process window is established based on evaluation indicators including the anti-wrinkle coefficient and the minimum wall thickness. Experiments are carried out to validate the process window, and the wall thickness and the wrinkle height are measured and compared with numerical findings. The results show that the anti-wrinkle ability of drawbeads weakens with increasing oblique angle and distance from the die center, while the wall thickness increases with increasing oblique angle and distance, and the inner wrinkling can be completely suppressed by drawbeads arranged in zones I and II with optimum penetration.     

高温合金复杂薄壁零件多道次充液拉深技术

充液拉深(HDD)技术是薄壁零件成形的一种有效方法.针对难成形,复杂薄壁结构的某型发动机高温合金板材零件,通过分析锥面自由悬空区的起皱失稳现象,设计了多道次充液拉深结合刚模成形的技术方案,并建立了有限元分析模型.基于有限元模拟和工艺验证试验,研究了预成形高度和终成形液室压力等关键工艺参数对零件最终成形质量的影响,探讨了...     

某空空导弹发动机喷管制造技术

探讨了用不锈钢15-5PH焊接制造某空空导弹发动机喷管时的工艺路线、必要的工装及具体的控制变形的加工方法,保证了零件的质量.