S型收缩流道对涡轮通流能力影响的研究

为进一步提高航空发动机涡轮通流能力，以小型跨声速涡轮为原型，研究了静子S型收缩流道对涡轮通流能力的影响。将S型流道直线段长度和收缩段内外圆半径比作为流道造型参数，分别针对原型涡轮静子内外端壁进行调整造型，得到一系列不同参数组合的S型内外端壁涡轮算例。保持膨胀比为设计值不变，利用CFD软件对原型和S型流道涡轮进行设计点模拟分析。结果表明，S型流道涡轮流量提升的原理在于增大的静子喉道面积。在相同造型参数下，S型外端壁涡轮的静子叶根损失被有效降低，流量提升明显，且流量高于S型内端壁涡轮1%左右，但由于最大外径增大使其质量通量提升效果减弱；与之相反，S型内端壁涡轮的质量通量提升明显，且高于S型外端壁涡轮3%左右。从提升涡轮质量通量并保证效率不低于原型的角度看，S型外端壁造型参数选取范围更广。     

复杂结构件工序模型自动构建技术研究

工序模型动态集成了航天产品及其零部件的设计、工艺、制造等信息，工序模型构建是航天制造领域三维工艺设计的关键内容，可为控制航天器制造工艺状态、提高加工质量提供使能工具。首先，介绍了正向和逆向两类建模方法的技术原理与特点，将主要建模方法分为特征法、工艺信息法两类;其次，深入分析了切削体造型等不同技术方法的原理与特点;最后，总结了该技术的关键问题并展望其发展方向。本文可为今后航天结构件工序模型自动构建技术的研究提供理论指导与支持。     

An innovative constraining ring rolling process for manufacturing conical rings with thin sterna and high ribs

Conical rings with thin sterna and high ribs (CRTSHR) are key bearing-load parts of aerospace equipment, which are required to be manufactured with high performance and efficiency. Traditional ring rolling is the most preferred method for manufacturing high-performance ring parts, but it can hardly achieve the forming of CRTSHR due to the extreme geometry of CRTSHR. To solve this difficulty, an innovative constraining ring rolling process (CRR) is proposed in this paper to manufacture CRTSHR. To evaluate the proposed CRR and reveal its deformation behaviors, a thermomechanical coupled FE model for CRR of CRTSHR is established. Then, the experiment for CRR of CRTSHR is performed on a modified ring rolling machine, which proves that CRR of CRTSHR is feasible and the established FE model is reliable. Based on the reliable FE model, the metal flow mode in deformed CRTSHR is analyzed, and the deformation characteristics such as the stress state, strain distribution and the evolution of power parameters in CRR of CRTSHR are revealed. Finally, the influences of key parameters such as the friction factor between ring and molds, the diameter of idle roll and the feed velocity of idle roll on CRR of CRTSHR are investigated by FE simulation.     

航空发动机涡轮叶片接触式测温技术应用进展

航空发动机涡轮叶片测温技术能够揭示涡轮叶片的温度分布情况，对其开展性能评估、失效分析和优化设计具有重要意义。涡轮进口温度的不断提升对应用于航空发动机涡轮叶片的测温技术提出了更高的要求。现有的航空发动机涡轮叶片接触式测温技术可采集叶片表面温度和近表面气流温度，本文主要介绍了三种应用于涡轮叶片的接触式测温技术，包括薄膜热电偶、测温晶体和示温漆，简要说明了三种测温技术的工作原理，归纳了国内外应用现状，总结了各自的优势与不足，并对其发展方向进行了展望。     

Investigation of anode shaping process during co-rotating electrochemical machining of convex structure on inner surface

A novel co-rotating electrochemical machining method is proposed for fabricating convex structures on the inner surface of a revolving part. The electrodes motion and material removal method of co-rotating electrochemical machining are different from traditional electrochemical machining. An equivalent kinematic model is established to analyze the novel electrodes motion,since the anode and cathode rotate in the same direction while the cathode simultaneously feeds along the line of centres. Acc...     

Influence of lunar regolith compressibility on sampling performance of thick wall spiral drills

A 2 m class robotic drill was sent to the Moon and successfully collected and returned regolith samples in late 2020 by China. It was a typical thick wall spiral drill (TWSD) with a hollow auger containing a complex coring system to retain subsurface regolith samples. Before the robotic drill was launched, a series of laboratory tests were carried out to investigate and predict the possible drilling loads it may encounter in the lunar environment. This work presents how the sampling performance of the TWSD is affected by the regolith compressibility. Experiments and analysis during the drilling and sampling process in a simulated lunar regolith environment were conducted. The compressibility of a typical lunar regolith simulant (LRS) was measured through uni-directional compression tests to study the relationship between its inner regolith stress and bulk density. A theoretical model was established to elucidate the cutting discharge behavior by auger flights based on the aforementioned relationship. Experiments were conducted with the LRS, and the results show that the sampling performance is greatly affected by the flux of the drilled cuttings into the spiral flight channels. This work helped in scheduling reasonable drilling parameters to promote the sampling performance of the robotic drill in the Chinese Chang'E 5 mission.     

隔热-相变复合热防护构件热防护能力研究

以隔热瓦、氯化锂相变复合材料、硝酸锂定形相变复合材料和季戊四醇定形相变复合材料为原料制备了隔热-相变复合热防护构件及其纯隔热对比样,采用快速升温单侧加热装置测试了其在1 200℃下的长时热防护性能.结果表明,相同加热时间7 650 s,复合热防护构件及纯隔热对比样的背温分别为222.3、644.0℃,复合热防护构件的隔...     

Modelling and analysis of metal flowing behaviors in constraining ring rolling of tapered ring with thin wall and three high ribs

Tapered ring with thin wall and three high ribs(TRTWTHR), showing complicated geometry(wall thickness is less than 4 mm and rib height exceeds 20 mm), is extensively utilized to fabricate the critical structural parts of aerospace equipment such as spacecraft cabin, rocket body and fuel tank because of light weight and high carrying capacity. How to fabricate TRTWTHR with high performance is a critical problem that aerospace area needs to solve. In this work, constraining ring rolling(CRR) techn...     

旋转部件转动诱导振动信号检测与分析

阐述了一个典型旋转部件振动时产生诱导振动信号的检测方法。介绍了测试系统，旋转部件振动测点布置和振动信号采集。根据两个样机的实测结果，认为旋转部件的诱导振动信号与旋转部件生产质量、安装精度密切相关，对旋转部件轴承固有特征的理论计算值和实测频谱进行了比较，进而判断轴承是否存在故障，并分析了上、下轴承间振动信号的相关性。