电场及双向压缩下含压电层的对称层合圆柱壳体的动力稳定性

 应用一阶剪切变形理论, 分析了简支边界有限长含压电层的对称层合圆柱壳及壳块在谐变电场及双向周期荷载作用下的动力稳定性问题, 并用模态展开的方法得出一阶动力不稳定区。选择几种模态为例说明材料的压电性、壳体几何参数和加载形式对不稳定区的影响。结果表明此类压电复合结构的动力不稳定区主要由结构自身刚度及外载所决定, 而受外加电场及压电效应影响很小。     

Spectrum of global ideal-magnetohydrodynamic three-dimensional ballooning modes

The class of pressure-driven plasma instabilities known as ballooning modes may be responsible for such diverse phenomena as high-beta disruptions in tokamaks, solar flares and magnetospheric substorms. In this paper the theory of the spectrum of unstable eigenvalues of the linearized ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations of motion in non-axisymmetric toroidal equilibria is sketched, comparing and contrasting systems with open field lines and systems with toroidally confined field lines. The need to regularize ideal MHD to keep the wavenumber finite, and the relevance of quantum chaos theory to understand the structure of the spectrum, is pointed out. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

局部喘振频率特性及估算方法

基于跨声速压气机实验,获得局部喘振现象轴向、低频、轴对称的频率特征;从局部喘振现象的物理本质出发,证明其与Helmholtz共振腔模型在物理上是相似的,采用Duct-Compressor-Plenum模型发展了实验台系统Helmholtz频率的估算方法,估算结果与实测的局部喘振频率基本一致;为了实验验证局部喘振与系统频率之间的关系,通过改变Helmholtz共振腔模型特征参数进行了跨声速实验,结果表明:局部喘振频率随着系统Helmholtz频率的下降而减小,并且两者的频率值也趋于一致,证明了局部喘振频率就是系统Helmholtz频率这一结论.      

一种用于RM不稳定性研究的竖直环形激波管的设计与验证

设计并加工了一套竖直环形同轴无膜激波管,可用于环形汇聚激波诱导下的Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性实验研究。与前人工作相比,本文在流体界面的形成以及流场的观测方法上做了较大的改进。通过实验和数值方法,对该竖直激波管产生的环形柱状汇聚激波的参数进行测量和分析,验证了同轴激波管形成柱状汇聚激波方法的可行性和可靠性。在界面形成方面,采用细丝约束肥皂膜技术形成正八边形气体界面,并利用数值方法考察了细丝对界面发展的影响。结果表明在界面发展的前期,细丝的影响几乎可以忽略。利用连续激光片光结合高速摄影相机对流场进行观测,获得了正八边形air/SF6气体界面在环形汇聚激波及其反射激波冲击下的演化过程,并与数值结果进行了对比,获得了较好的一致性,进一步验证了汇聚激波的对称性以及细丝约束肥皂膜技术用于形成多边形气体界面的可靠性。     

隔板对燃烧室声学特性的影响

为了研究液体火箭发动机燃烧室出现的横向一阶切向燃烧不稳定,通过冷态声学试验和理论算例的计算,研究了不同参数的隔板装置对一阶切向声学频率及阻尼特性的影响,结果表明:增加轴向隔板长度和径向隔板数目均会降低一阶切向声学频率,同时增强声阻尼效果;喷嘴式隔板产生的声阻尼效果,比典型直板形状的隔板要好得多,隔板喷嘴最佳间隙在0.1~0.4mm,采用最佳隔板喷嘴间隙能够在较短的轴向隔板长度上得到较高的阻尼能力,从而改善冷却问题.      

旋转飞行器固体火箭发动机内涡核流动的数值分析

为分析旋转飞行器固体火箭发动机内涡核流动,采用数值计算的方法对发动机流场进行模拟。计算结果显示发动机的旋转增强了轴向涡核流动,随着涡核的不断延伸,在喷管入口处,由于潜入式喷管结构以及喷喉直径较小,振荡运动随之加强。涡核在流经喷管时的不断增强,在喷管区域形成了非对称的压力形式,并且产生了实际中的扰动侧向力,最终导致了飞行器的章动不稳定性。     

低雷诺数下跨声速转子周向槽处理机匣扩稳研究

采用数值方法模拟了低雷诺数条件下NASA Rotor 37跨声速压气机转子内部流场。结果表明,附面层径向涡是该压气机转子流动失稳的一个很重要的原因。周向槽处理机匣结构对压气机流场的改善较为有限,而引入抽吸处理机匣后,抽吸槽可以将叶顶间隙涡和附面层径向涡及其引发的低能阻塞流团抽吸至处理槽内,叶顶流场大为改善,有效地提高了压气机转子的失速裕度。     

Linear stability analysis of interactions between mixing layer and boundary layer flows

The linear instabilities of incompressible confluent mixing layer and boundary layer were analyzed.The mixing layers include wake,shear layer and their combination.The mean velocity profile of confluent flow is taken as a superposition of a hyperbolic and exponential function to model a mixing layer and the Blasius similarity solution for a flat plate boundary layer.The stability equation of confluent flow was solved by using the global numerical method.The unstable modes associated with both the mixing and boundary layers were identified.They are the boundary layer mode,mixing layer mode 1 (nearly symmetrical mode) and mode 2 (nearly anti-symmetrical mode).The interactions between the mixing layer stability and the boundary layer stability were examined.As the mixing layer approaches the boundary layer,the neutral curves of the boundary layer mode move to the upper left,the resulting critical Reynolds number decreases,and the growth rate of the most unstable mode increases.The wall tends to stabilize the mixing layer modes at low frequency.In addition,the mode switching behavior of the relative level of the spatial growth rate between the mixing layer mode 1 and mode 2 with the velocity ratio is found to occur at low frequency.     

壁面冷却和抽吸对超声速高超声速 三维边界层稳定性的影响＊

本文采用四阶精度紧密格式研究了壁面冷却和抽吸对超声速高超声速旋转圆锥三维边界层横流不稳定性的影响,最大Ｍ＝７．５。数值结果证明：壁面冷却和抽吸对第一模式有稳定作用,但这一作用比二维边界层显著减弱,抽吸使第二模式增长率减小,冷却使第二模式增长率增大,不稳定频率升高;直到Ｍ＝７．５可以用壁面抽吸使得因为壁面冷却而变得更不稳定的第二模式重新趋于稳定,但Ｍ数越高所需的抽吸量越大。     

Comparative anatomy of the day- and night-time radar echoes from the 130–170 km region of the low latitude ionosphere

Recent observations of daytime 150 km echoes made from Gadanki have revealed ‘descending layer type’ echoing pattern, which are remarkably different from their well known ‘necklace’ pattern. These descending layer type echoing pattern have close resemblance to those of the nighttime valley region echoes that are presumably linked with the intermediate layer formed by the meridional wind shear associated with the semidiurnal/terdiurnal tidal winds. The observed close resemblance between the two echoing patterns reminds the plausible role of the semidiurnal/terdiurnal tidal wind and metallic ions in the governing physical processes. We present a comparative anatomy of these two echoing phenomena by making a close examination of the radar observations from Gadanki. Importantly, we bring out the similarities and dissimilarities in their characteristics and discuss the results in the light of currently available theoretical frameworks in an effort to further our understanding on the origin of these echoing phenomena, which have been addressed so far in isolation.