一种抑制微放电的宽带大功率定向耦合器设计

在卫星有效载荷系统中,3dB定向耦合器作为微波工程关键器件已得到广泛应用,而此类器件在太空真空环境中,常因真空环境下大功率工况引发的微放电效应形成谐振放电现象,影响耦合器性能与寿命,对于卫星系统日益增多的小型化及大功率需求,在器件设计时应充分考虑微放电效应并兼顾小型化要求,采用有效抑制手段以确保器件在轨稳定可靠。通过分析定向耦合器工作原理与不同结构耦合器之间的差异,阐述了真空环境下的微放电效应产生机理,针对性地采取基于奇偶模分析法的耦合线结构耦合器设计方法,选用高导热材料Rogers TC350+作为耦合器介质,利用软基板多层混压方式进行产品加工,通过仿真试验与真空环境实测,表明此类设计既具有体积小、重量轻的特点,又可有效抑制器件微放电效应,确保了耦合器的工作性能,满足卫星系统使用工况。     

Nonlinear modal electromechanical coupling factor for piezoelectric structures containing nonlinearities

Within the linear framework, the Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (MEMCF) is an important indicator to quantify the dynamic conversion of mechanical energy and electrical energy of piezoelectric structures. It is also an important tool to guide the piezoelectric damping design of linear structures. Advanced aircraft often fly in maneuvers, and the variable working conditions induce drastic changes in the load level on structures. Geometric and contact nonlinearities of thin-walled structures and joint structures are often activated. To achieve a good vibration reduction effect covering all working conditions, one cannot directly use linear electromechanical coupling theory to instruct the piezoelectric damping design for nonlinear structures. Therefore, this paper defines the Nonlinear Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (NMEMCF) and proposes the corresponding numerical method for the first time to quantitatively evaluate the electromechanical coupling capability of nonlinear piezoelectric structures. Three candidate definitions of the NMEMCF are given, including two frequency definitions and one energy definition. The energy definition is the most promising one. It is not only applicable to both conservative and dissipative nonlinear structures but also compatible with the linear MEMCF. In addition, based on the energy formula, the NMEMCF can be obtained by only performing one nonlinear modal analysis in the open-circuit state. The analytical findings and the numerical tool are validated against two piezoelectric structures with different types of nonlinearities. A strong correlation among the NMEMCF, geometric parameters, and energy dissipation is observed. The results confirm that the proposed NMEMCF captures the physics of the electromechanical coupling phenomenon associated with nonlinear piezoelectric structures and can be used as an essential design indicator of piezoelectric damping, especially for variable working conditions.     

碘工质霍尔推力器内部过程数值模拟

随着霍尔推力器的大力发展，碘工质霍尔推力器越来越受到研究人员的重视。深入了解碘工质霍尔推力器放电室内部过程，为优化推力器性能和拓展空间应用提供依据。建立了二维PIC/DSMC/MCC混合方法模型，结合鞘层和二次电子发射模型，根据碘工质特性，加入解离-电离过程，在定壁温条件下，针对200 W碘工质霍尔推力器放电室内部过程开展了数值模拟，考察其放电室内等离子体的多场耦合特性以及与壁面的相互作用过程。研究其放电通道内部的等离子体行为，分析放电室内的等离子体参数，获取其离子数密度、离子轴向运动速度、电子温度等特征参数，将模拟结果和氙工质进行比较。结果表明:相较于氙工质，碘工质霍尔推力器存在解离区，宽度约为2 mm，位于近阳极区之后、电离区之前。     

基于空基平台的激光通信技术研究和展望

深低温阀门多为常温设计，低温服役。宽温域引起的结构变形将诱发阀门导向卡滞、密封泄漏等安全问题。采用有限元分析方法获取阀门导向副配合部位变形量，提出迭代镜像补偿方法解决深低温服役的阀门导向副变形超差问题。经分析，在深低温工况下阀门配合间隙均超出设计允许值，导向行程最大时配合间隙减小17.95%至16.41 μm；补偿后导向副配合间隙变形量控制在1 μm内，满足深低温工况下阀门形状设计要求，验证了迭代镜像补偿方法的有效性。     

系留翼伞刚柔混合模型控制方法探索研究

系留翼伞可借助风力长期滞空，相比系留无人机具有抗风能力强、载荷重量大、电能消耗低、侦察视距远等优点，由于系留翼伞具有刚柔耦合特性，控制系统设计难度高，目前还缺乏有效的控制模型，技术上还不够成熟，制约了新型滞空飞行平台的应用。从系留翼伞刚柔耦合动力学建模、系留翼伞非定常气动力建模、系留翼伞刚柔混合状态空间建模、系留翼伞刚柔混合控制技术实现等四个方面探索了基于刚柔混合模型的系留翼伞控制方法，并验证了该方法的有效性。     

Experimental research on aero-propulsion coupling characteristics of a distributed electric propulsion aircraft

Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP) aircraft use multiple electric motors to drive the propulsors, which gives potential benefits to aerodynamic-propulsion interaction. To investigate and quantify the aerodynamic-propulsion interaction effect of the wing section, we built a DEP demonstrator with 24 “high-lift” Electric Ducted Fans (EDFs) distributed along the wing’s trailing edge. This paper explores and compares the aero-propulsion coupling characteristics under various upstream speed, throttle, and EDF mounting surface deflection angles using a series of wind tunnel tests. We compare various lift-augmentation power conditions to the clean configuration without propulsion unit under the experiment condition of 15–25 m/s freestream flow and angles of attack from ?4° to 16°. The comparison of computational results to the experimental results verifies the effectiveness of the computational fluid dynamic analysis method and the modeling method for the DEP configuration. The results show that the EDFs can produce significant lift increment and drag reduction simultaneously, which is accordant with the potential benefit of Boundary Layer Ingestion (BLI) at low airspeed.     

Multi-scale simulation model of air system based on cross-dimensional data transmission method

The Secondary Air System (SAS) plays an important role in the safe operation and performance of aeroengines. The traditional 1D-3D coupling method loses information when used for secondary air systems, which affects the calculation accuracy. In this paper, a Cross-dimensional Data Transmission method (CDT) from 3D to 1D is proposed by introducing flow field uniformity into the data transmission. First, a uniformity index was established to quantify the flow field parameter distribution characteristics, and a uniformity index prediction model based on the locally weighted regression method (Lowess) was established to quickly obtain the flow field information. Then, an information selection criterion in 3D to 1D data transmission was established based on the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between the uniformity index and the accuracy of coupling calculation, and the calculation method was automatically determined according to the established criterion. Finally, a modified function was obtained by fitting the ratio of the 3D mass-average parameters to the analytical solution, which are then used to modify the selected parameters at the 1D-3D interface. Taking a typical disk cavity air system as an example, the results show that the calculation accuracy of the CDT method is greatly improved by a relative 53.88% compared with the traditional 1D-3D coupling method. Furthermore, the CDT method achieves a speedup of 2 to 3 orders of magnitude compared to the 3D calculation.     

时变耦合复杂网络的混沌同步在保密通信中的应用

在时变耦合复杂动态网络同步的基础上研究复杂网络节点间的保密通信，并以Lorenz方程为复杂网络节点的状态方程为例，验证了复杂网络的同步在保密通信中应用的有效性。     

往复节流式正脉冲发生器性能分析CSCD

在石油开采与钻探领域,脉冲发生器作为旋转导向系统井下信号传输系统的重要组成部分,提高压力脉冲幅值有助于提升旋转导向系列产品的市场竞争力。为了揭示其工作原理及提高压力脉冲幅值,基于计算流体动力学,利用用户自定义函数(UDF)、动网格技术、非牛顿流体模型,借助Fluent平台对往复节流式正脉冲发生器进行了动态数值实验。利用离散形式的动量方程将主阀体与电磁阀的被动运动转变为主动运动,选择适用于k-ε湍流模型的赫-巴非牛顿流体本构方程描述泥浆,提高了计算的收敛性与运动的可控性。基于非牛顿流体的流固耦合方法,更真实地模拟了脉冲器在井下工作过程。结果表明限流环内径越小或入口排量越大,则压力脉冲幅值与信号发生频率越大。     

折叠翼弹簧锁紧机构动力学仿真分析

基于刚柔耦合动力学理论,对折叠翼弹簧锁紧机构展开到位瞬时的碰撞问题进行分析,采用LS-DYNA建立折叠翼的刚柔耦合动力学模型,在各构件之间建立运动副和接触关系,对折叠翼展开到位时的局部接触碰撞动力学过程进行数值模拟。本文的建模方法更准确地计算了折叠翼展开到位的动力学响应,给出了折叠翼展开到位的碰撞特性,得到碰撞过程中折叠翼的应力分布。从而为折叠翼机构的设计提供指导。