模块化空间可展开天线支撑桁架结构的热-结构分析

对模块化空间可展开天线支撑桁架结构进行空间热交变环境下的热 结构分析,为天线结构因热致变形影响形面精度和网面稳定性提供合理的防护建议。采用ANSYS APDL有限元软件建立了大口径模块化空间可展开天线支撑结构的精细化数值模型,基于已有试验分别验证了模块化可展开天线结构有限元建模和热分析模型的正确性;分析了在瞬态温度场作用下约束位置等参数对支撑桁架弦杆及拉索应力的影响和热致变形规律。研究结果表明：空间可展开天线结构的应力和变形随时间历程发展与瞬态温度场变化趋势基本一致;同一瞬态温度场下,天线结构中心模块拉索热应力最大,同圈模块的弦杆热应力幅值基本相同,其上弦杆热应力逐圈增大,而拉索热应力逐圈减小;天线结构热致变形在距离约束最远端处整体累计值最大,上层中心点处累计热致变形可达15mm左右,对天线形面精度的影响不可忽略;将天线支撑桁架结构最外侧且距离结构中心最近的模块顶角和与相邻模块竖杆拼接处作为星载天线伸展臂约束时,天线结构的热致变形最小。将该处作为模块化空间可展开天线的展开支点,并建议对天线支撑结构表面采用涂刷隔热防护复合材料涂层等防护措施,以增加天线结构在太空极端环境的适应性,从而减小温度交变对天线整体形变和网面精度的影响。     

飞机研制的计量保障探讨

计量保障是飞机研制的重要技术基础,本文分析了飞机研制的计量保障需求,探讨了计量保障工作的思路和要点。     

共析钢的相变超塑性扩散连接

根据高温扩散和空洞蠕变闭合理论，在恒温超塑性扩散连接基础上建立相变超塑性扩散连接数学模型，可确定各工艺参数，诸如循环上限温度、压力、循环次数以及升、降温速率等对连接的影响，作为选择合适工艺参数的依据。经过对T8共析钢相变超塑性扩散连接试验研究，证明该理论模型与试验结果吻合较好。     

SVM和神经网络在电能质量扰动分类应用中的对比

提出了一种电能质量动态扰动特征向量的提取方法,分析比较了多种分类器对电能质量动态扰动的分类能力。首先采用小波包分解算法对电能质量信号某一频段内的信息进行精细分解从而提取出特征向量,然后针对该特征向量构造了相应的BP神经网络、学习向量量化(Learning vector quantization,LVQ)神经网络、自组织特征映射(Self-organizing map,SOM)神经网络及支持向量机(Support vector machine,SVM)分类器,并模拟实际电网中的复杂扰动信号提取其特征向量集,对多种分类器的分类能力进行对比。仿真结果表明,在较复杂的电能质量扰动情况中,支持向量机分类器仍能实现对信号的精确分类,对电能质量监测具有很好的应用价值。     

基于张线尾撑的进气道低速风洞试验技术研究

为了在φ3.2m风洞中开展战斗机大迎角进气道特性试验研究,结合该风洞开口试验段及支撑装置的特点,研制了能够模拟战斗机进气道流量的小型引射器装置,发展了基于引射器/张线尾撑一体化设计的战斗机大迎角进气道试验技术.为了验证该项试验技术,研制了进气道流量测量装置,以及基于数字阀的气源控制系统;进行了装置性能研究,并利用某战斗机模型开展了飞机鸭翼对进气道性能的影响试验研究.研究结果表明:引射器引射流量达1.34kg/s,引射器/张线尾撑一体化方案可完全满足我国已有战斗机在3m量级风洞开展进气道试验的流量模拟及开展大迎角试验研究的需求;鸭翼对战斗机进气道性能影响研究为进气道试验模型外形模拟提供了依据.     

套筒式张线天平的研制

根据民机张线测力试验的特殊要求,研制了一台套筒结构形式的张线天平.详细介绍了该天平在研制中遇到的难点、关键技术的解决措施以及研制的结果.天平元件布置在φ58mm的外套筒上,内杆直径为φ44mm,外套筒和内杆通过楔块焊接在一起.法向力、俯仰力矩和滚转力矩为拉压变形,横向力和偏航力矩为“S”形变形,轴向力为弯曲变形,元件支撑部分受拉压变形且刚度较强.通过对天平进行有限元分析,在法向力和俯仰力矩作用下,得出的应变结果与实际输出基本吻合.风洞试验结果表明:天平设计合理,天平外套筒、内杆及张线支撑系统刚度好,天平各分量测量精度高.     

不同运行模式下跑道容量评估技术研究

跑道容量的大小是机场能否进行高效率运行的一个关键因素,准确评估出跑道的理论容量对机场的实际运行有着至关重要的作用.对单跑道的理论容量进行建模,在单跑道的基础上研究了近距跑道与远距跑道的不同运行模式下的跑道容量数学模型,根据相关机场具体的数据对模型进行验证,并用SIMMOD PLUS仿真软件对机场的场面实际运行情况进行仿真,通过计算出的跑道理论容量与仿真出的空侧容量对比,结果表明机场跑道理论容量计算模型具有较好的实用性.     

A high-performance ground-based prototype of horn-type sequential vegetable production facility for life support system in space

Vegetable cultivation plays a crucial role in dietary supplements and psychosocial benefits of the crew during manned space flight. Here we developed a ground-based prototype of horn-type sequential vegetable production facility, named Horn-type Producer (HTP), which was capable of simulating the microgravity effect and the continuous cultivation of leaf–vegetables on root modules. The growth chamber of the facility had a volume of 0.12 m³, characterized by a three-stage space expansion with plant growth. The planting surface of 0.154 m² was comprised of six ring-shaped root modules with a fibrous ion-exchange resin substrate. Root modules were fastened to a central porous tube supplying water, and moved forward with plant growth. The total illuminated crop area of 0.567 m² was provided by a combination of red and white light emitting diodes on the internal surfaces. In tests with a 24-h photoperiod, the productivity of the HTP at 0.3 kW for lettuce achieved 254.3 g eatable biomass per week. Long-term operation of the HTP did not alter vegetable nutrition composition to any great extent. Furthermore, the efficiency of the HTP, based on the Q-criterion, was 7 × 10⁻⁴ g² m⁻³ J⁻¹. These results show that the HTP exhibited high productivity, stable quality, and good efficiency in the process of planting lettuce, indicative of an interesting design for space vegetable production.     

Conceptual design of a bioregenerative life support system containing crops and silkworms

This article summarizes a conceptual design of a bioregenerative life support system for permanent lunar base or planetary exploration. The system consists of seven compartments – higher plants cultivation, animal rearing, human habitation, water recovery, waste treatment, atmosphere management, and storages. Fifteen kinds of crops, such as wheat, rice, soybean, lettuce, and mulberry, were selected as main life support contributors to provide the crew with air, water, and vegetable food. Silkworms fed by crop leaves were designated to produce partial animal nutrition for the crew. Various physical-chemical and biological methods were combined to reclaim wastewater and solid waste. Condensate collected from atmosphere was recycled into potable water through granular activated carbon adsorption, iodine sterilization, and trace element supplementation. All grey water was also purified though multifiltration and ultraviolet sterilization. Plant residue, human excrement, silkworm feces, etc. were decomposed into inorganic substances which were finally absorbed by higher plants. Some meat, ingredients, as well as nitrogen fertilizer were prestored and resupplied periodically. Meanwhile, the same amount and chemical composition of organic waste was dumped to maintain the steady state of the system. A nutritional balanced diet was developed by means of the linear programming method. It could provide 2721 kcal of energy, 375.5 g of carbohydrate, 99.47 g of protein, and 91.19 g of fat per capita per day. Silkworm powder covered 12.54% of total animal protein intakes. The balance of material flows between compartments was described by the system of stoichiometric equations. Basic life support requirements for crews including oxygen, food, potable and hygiene water summed up to 29.68 kg per capita per day. The coefficient of system material closure reached 99.40%.     

装备维修任务模型研究

首先建立了确定装备维修保障维修任务量模型,在此基础上运用任务安排模型给出了任务数多于维修人员数和维修时间有限两种情况下的处理方法,能比较科学的根据确定的维修任务和维修人员的情况实现对维修任务的分配.