Designing method of acceleration and deceleration control schedule for variable cycle engine

Studies show that different geometries of a Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) can be adjusted during the transient stage of the engine operation to improve the engine performance. However, this improvement increases the complexity of the acceleration and deceleration control schedule. In order to resolve this problem, the Transient-state Reverse Method (TRM) is established in the present study based on the Steady-state Reverse Method (SRM) and the Virtual Power Extraction Method (VPEM). The state factors in the component-based engine performance models are replaced by variable geometry parameters to establish the TRM for a double bypass VCE. Obtained results are compared with the conventional component-based model from different aspects, including the accuracy and the convergence rate. The TRM is then employed to optimize the control schedule of a VCE. Obtained results show that the accuracy and the convergence rate of the proposed method are consistent with that of the conventional model. On the other hand, it is found that the new-model-optimized control schedules reduce the acceleration and deceleration time by 45% and 54%, respectively. Meanwhile, the surge margin of compressors, fuel–air ratio and the turbine inlet temperature maintained are within the acceptable criteria. It is concluded that the proposed TRM is a powerful method to design the acceleration and deceleration control schedule of the VCE.     

载人飞船返回舱着陆待援段换热性能研究

在对载人飞船着陆待援段返回舱换热过程中各传热途径的量级范围及影响因素进行计算分析和对比的基础上,简化返回舱传热模型,提出返回舱综合换热系数的概念;并通过载人飞船返回舱换热试验对理论分析进行了验证,获取了返回舱综合换热系数的工程数据,所获数据可用于实现长时间地面待援期间返回舱内热环境的快速预示。     

月壤原位利用工程技术发展浅析

月壤原位利用技术作为月球资源原位利用技术体系中的重要环节,相关技术的工程化应用是未来实施月球探测及资源开发的重要内容,也是实现自给式月球探测和开发的起点。文章基于国内外月壤原位利用技术的发展现状和趋势,给出了月壤原位利用的工程技术路线。结合近期任务工程化实施的问题和难点,简要梳理了月壤原位制氧和月壤原位成型的技术方案和发展思路,旨在为后续月球资源探测和开发提供借鉴和指导。     

国内外典型航天特因环境选拔训练设备及其应用

以航天特因环境选拔训练设备为平台,在地面模拟的航天特殊因素环境中通过试验来选拔和训练航天员,是提高航天员对这些环境的适应能力和耐受能力的一种非常有效的方法。本文对国内外典型航天特因环境选拔训练设备及其应用进行综述。     

高精度高动态星模拟器研究

给出了高精度高动态星模拟器系统组成和总体结构, 提出一种基于亚像素显示技术提高动态星模拟器星点位置显示精度从而减小星点几何中心与能量中心位置偏差的新方法. 针对动态星模拟器高动态性要求, 提出一种快速精确检索全天球导航星的新方法, 将已知SAO (Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory) 星表进行分区, 计算当前姿态四元数并分析航天器视轴所在区域, 对于距离视轴较远区域停止搜索和匹配, 很大程度上缩小了导航星搜索范围, 进而缩短了全天球恒星遍历所需时间. 软件测试结果表明, 此快速检索法可使全天球导航星的选取速度提高近10倍.     

Design of Optical and Mechanical Structure for Lunar Simulator Based on Variable Shape and Adjustable Radiance

To simulate the different lunar phases and ensure continuous adjustability of the radiant brightness, a new broad spectrum light and frosted glass were applied and designed in the optical system for lunar simulator with the shapes and radiance being able to be adjusted. According to the engineering demand and index requirements of the optical system, three major design aspects are addressed, including the high reliability and maintainability for broad-spectrum light, heat dissipation in lunar simulator for long working hours, and bearing of the main frame under different working conditions. By designing a reasonable machine structure, and through the structure itself with the matrix arrangement of 48 axial flow fans, an effectively cooling air duct is established. Deformation and temperature were calculated by the finite element software ANSYS. The results showed that the displacement deformation reached 0.33mm and stress deformation reached 0.02MPa at the temperature of 20℃; when the main frame was in the temperature field between 20℃ and 65℃, the maximum displacement deformation reached 13.30mm and maximum stress deformation is 97.90MPa, and the amount of this deformation is very small in considering of the mechanical structure dimensions and weight of the lunar simulator.     

上仰及小振幅振荡三角翼流动显示研究

为验证折合频率与无量纲频率对涡破裂点位置的影响,在北航大水洞用动态机构三角翼分别进行了不同折合频率k(k=à C/2U∞)的上仰.停止运动及不同无量纲n(n=fc/U∞)的小振幅的俯仰振荡实验.实验结果表明,在不同迎角范围上仰时不同折合频率对涡破裂点位置有很大影响,如在破裂涡迎角范围.破裂点随迎角的变化曲线会出现山峰状;对于在破裂涡区作小振幅振荡的三角翼,无量纲频率n,对破裂点位置变化也有很大影响.其中,无量纲频率n在1.0左右时为临界值.     

战斗机燃油系统流体网络的数值计算

论述了战斗机燃油系统自供能源式流体网络的组成及工作原理,并对流体网络中的关键部件燃油增压泵,液动涡轮泵及射流泵等数学建模,而构成自供能源式流体网络的计算模型。在此基础上,通过分析几种状态下流体网络的工作情况,提出了计算仿真流体网络中流量与压力分布的方法,并对计算结果进行了分析和总结。     

外加剂对聚丙烯纤维增强混凝土的早期抗裂性影响

采用平板限制收缩试验法,研究了减水剂与膨胀剂及其复合技术对聚丙烯纤维增强高性能混凝土的早期抗裂性的影响.结果表明,聚丙烯纤维增强高性能混凝土的早期抗裂性大小顺序为:UEA-N混凝土膨胀剂与聚羧酸高效减水剂复合的纤维增强高性能混凝土＞AEA混凝土膨胀剂与聚羧酸高效减水剂复合的纤维增强高性能混凝土＞AEA混凝土膨胀剂与萘系减水剂复合的纤维增强高性能混凝土＞纤维增强高性能混凝土.因此,采用UEA-N混凝土膨胀剂与聚羧酸高效减水剂的复合外加剂技术和聚丙烯纤维增强技术是防止高性能混凝土发生塑性收缩开裂的比较理想的技术措施.     

控制大后掠角机翼边界层分离的涡流发生器数值模拟

针对安装在大后掠角机翼上的涡流发生器控制流动分离的问题,采用雷诺平均纳维 斯托克斯 (RANS) 方程以及剪切应力传输 (SST) 湍流模型,通过搭接网格技术,对带有涡流发生器 (VG) 的大后掠角机翼进行数值模拟,分析VG的安装位置对大后掠角机翼边界层分离的控制机理及气动特性影响。研究发现VG的作用仅仅在其周边边界层内部区域,影响范围小,在弦线方向安装VG存在最佳布置位置。VG必须安装在靠近气流将要分离的高能量区域,才能有效的抑制气流分离,达到增升减阻的效果。