爆炸冲击波对反舰导弹发动机舱的毁伤效应

为研究爆炸冲击波对来袭反舰导弹发动机舱的毁伤效应,应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,对定量TNT和压装8701炸药爆炸产生的冲击波毁伤不同距离处的反舰导弹发动机舱进行了数值模拟。计算结果表明:爆炸冲击波对导弹发动机舱的毁伤以壳体凹陷为主要形式,对凹陷壳体周围区域几乎没有影响;爆炸冲击波对反舰导弹发动机舱的毁伤效应,随起爆点距离增加而迅速减小,且初期衰减速度明显大于后期。10 kg的装药量、炸点位于3 m处时,TNT和压装8701炸药对反舰导弹发动机舱基本无法造成毁伤。     

Prediction of shock-layer ultraviolet radiation for hypersonic vehicles in near space

A systemic and validated model was developed to predict ultraviolet spectra features from the shock layer of near-space hypersonic vehicles in the ‘‘solar blind" band region. Computational procedures were performed with 7-species thermal non-equilibrium fluid mechanics, finite rate chemistry, and radiation calculations. The thermal non-equilibrium flow field was calculated with a two-temperature model by the finite volume technique and verified against the bow-shock ultra-violet(BSUV) flight experiments. The absorption coefficient of the mixture gases was evaluated with a line-by-line method and validated through laboratory shock tube measurements. Using the line of sight(LOS) method, radiation was calculated from three BSUV flights at altitudes of 38,53.5 and 71 km. The investigation focused on the level and structure of ultraviolet spectra radiated from a NO band system in wavelengths of 200–400 nm. Results predicted by the current model show qualitative spatial agreement with the measured data. At a velocity of 3.5 km/s(about Mach11), the peak absolute intensity at an altitude of 38 km is two orders of magnitude higher than that at 53.5 km. Under the same flight conditions, the spectra structures have quite a similar distribution at different viewing angles. The present computational model performs well in the prediction of the ultraviolet spectra emitted from the shock layer and will contribute to the investigation and analysis of radiative features of hypersonic vehicles in near space.     

一种修正的Osher通量在高阶WCNS中的特性

将一种基于多维修正的Osher通量运用于高阶加权紧致非线性格式(WCNS)中,该修正通量主要在垂直于激波面的界面上增加耗散,能够改善Osher通量的激波捕捉稳定性,同时对边界层和接触间断的分辨率影响非常小。对修正的Osher通量在高阶WCNS中的特性进行研究,通过数值模拟测试了基于Osher通量的WCNS的激波稳定性、热流预测精度、边界层模拟能力、激波边界层干扰模拟能力,并与Steger-Warming通量和Roe通量进行了对比。结果表明修正后的Osher通量比Harten修正的Roe通量具有更好的激波捕捉鲁棒性,而边界层、驻点热流值和激波边界层干扰的模拟则明显优于Steger-Warming通量。上述结果说明了基于修正的Osher通量的高阶WCNS具有较好的激波捕捉特性、热流预测精度和边界层计算能力。     

基于最优控制的落角约束攻击设计

针对导弹落角控制和精度控制的矛盾,运用飞行力学原理和最优控制理论,以落地速度倾角作为终端约束,以脱靶量、最小能量为性能指标,给出了一种适用于攻击地面目标的最优导引律。设计了导弹三通道的PID控制器,最后进行了导弹的6DOF仿真研究,仿真验证了设计方法的有效性。     

航空发动机风扇叶片两种表面处理方法对比

在对激光冲击强化技术与喷丸表面强化技术比较分析之后,表明航空发动机叶片经过激光冲击强化后,能显著增加叶片表面残余压应力,提高疲劳性能,并且其效果优于喷丸表面强化技术。     

一种适用于大气层外动能拦截器的末制导律

 针对大气层外动能拦截器拦截问题,设计了一种简单有效的末制导律。推导出计算零控脱靶量一种新的解析表达式,由于在推导过程中考虑了两飞行器间重力差影响,得出的表达式相对于将两飞行器重力差简化为零重力模型得到的解析式具有更高的精度;根据平行接近法原理利用此表达式推导出一种简单的末制导律;详细介绍了脉宽调制(PWM)式实现变推力控制的方案,仿真中在考虑发动机工程约束的情况下,利用PWM技术对提出的制导律进行验证。对机动目标进行拦截仿真显示,提出的制导律在取得良好拦截精度的同时表现出较强的鲁棒性。     

包带低冲击装置冲击试验及数据分析

文章主要阐述了包带低冲击装置冲击试验的过程及采用的试验技术,并对试验数据进行了处理和分析。通过大量的试验数据,对响应量级与测量点的位置分布、响应与包带预紧力的关系、冲击响应与装药量的关系、冲击响应与起爆器的关系、冲击响应的频率分布关系以及安装方式对试验结果产生的影响作了充分的分析。结果可为研究低冲击装置提供有价值的参考。     

Shock protection of penetrator-based instrumentation via a sublimation approach

It is often necessary for space-borne instrumentation to cope with substantial levels of shock acceleration both in the initial launch phase, as well as during entry, descent and landing in the case of planetary exploration. Current plans for a new generation of penetrator-based space missions will subject the associated on-board instrumentation to far greater levels of shock, and ways must therefore be found to either ruggedize or else protect any sensitive components during the impact phase. In this paper, we present an innovative method of shock protection that is suited for use in a number of planetary environments, based upon the temporary encapsulation of said components within a waxy solid which may then be sublimated to return the instrument back to its normal operation. We have tested this method experimentally using micromachined silicon suspensions under applied shock loads of up to 15,000g, and found that these were able to survive without incurring damage. Furthermore, quality factor measurements undertaken on these suspensions indicate that their mechanical performance remains unaffected by the encapsulation and subsequent sublimation process.     

气体自发光在高超声速流场显示中的应用

提出了利用高焓气体自发光作为高超声速流场显示的方法,介绍了在使用高焓运行的激波风洞中,对二维模型的高超声速绕流流场使用此种方法的初步结果,可观察到二维棱形柱的尾流和马赫波的相交。结果表明此种方法不需外加光源,对于结构限制无法设置透明部件的模型,无疑是简单可行的。     

测定电离复合速率常数的激波管方法

发展了测定电离复合速率常数的一种新的激波管方法。在这一方法中使用反射激波加热预混气体使之电离,相继用可控制的强稀疏波使之快速冷却,冷却速度很快,可达106K/s, 使之在冷却过程中,电离远离平衡态。用压电传感器和Langmuir 探针监测状态变化历程和离子浓度,并可获得过程中所有的状态参数。测定了NO e 电离复合速率常数。实验表明这一方法简易可靠