嵌入式挥舞吸振器对旋翼桨叶挥舞载荷的抑制研究

为了抑制刚性旋翼桨叶的二阶挥舞交变载荷,在桨叶内部挥舞方向嵌入动力吸振器。为探究动力吸振器抑制旋翼桨根处二阶挥舞载荷的效果,通过建立旋翼桨叶与挥舞动力吸振器二自由度耦合系统模型,推导出嵌有挥舞吸振器的耦合系统的运动微分方程,比较液弹吸振器与弹性吸振器抑制挥舞方向载荷的效果,并对影响吸振器吸振性能和挥舞吸振器的动态特性的结构参数进行分析。研究表明,挥舞吸振器在旋转和不旋转时,其固有频率并未发生改变;液弹吸振器和弹性吸振器都能达到良好的降低桨叶挥舞方向低阶载荷的效果,但液弹吸振器所需行程明显小于弹性吸振器。     

航空发动机叶片-机匣碰摩摩擦热效应仿真分析

为了分析航空发动机叶片-机匣碰摩摩擦热对叶片的影响,基于有限元法建立了叶片-机匣碰摩摩擦的热-结构直接耦合模型,分析了不同偏心距和转速对模型应力场和温度场的影响,并与未考虑摩擦热效应的碰摩模型进行对比。结果表明:当叶片与机匣之间发生摩擦时,需考虑材料参数随温度变化的影响;摩擦热主要分布在接触表面较小的区域,温度分布沿接触面向四周呈递减趋势,且温度梯度越来越小。并在该区域产生了较大的热应力;随着偏心距和转速的增大,叶片-机匣的摩擦热效应越发明显。在实际工程问题中,需考虑摩擦热效应对叶尖表面损伤的影响。     

卫星通信设备抗直升机旋翼遮挡技术测试验证方法研究

抗旋翼遮挡技术是直升机载卫星通信设备的核心技术.根据直升机载卫星通信系统旋翼遮挡的特点,分析研究了直升机无遮挡通信时间比率与直升机航向和卫星波束入射角的关系,以此分析设计了试飞方案.发现了抗旋翼遮挡技术的重大设计缺陷,并通过试飞中的测试数据对抗旋翼遮挡算法进行了优化改进,有效实现了抗旋翼遮挡技术的有效性验证,达到直升机载卫星通信设备定型试飞的目的,为后续该类型设备的试飞奠定了扎实的理论与实践基础,具有较高的工程应用价值.     

一种新的旋翼动态尾迹模型研究

针对直升机大机动实时飞行仿真的需求,提出了一种新的旋翼动态尾迹模型,并开展了初步的验证研究。该模型采用涡环单元来表示旋翼尾迹涡系,每个涡环具有5个刚体运动自由度和1个半径伸展收缩自由度,可描述大机动飞行中旋翼尾迹的拉伸、压缩、倾斜、弯曲等动态畸变行为,并给出桨盘或空间任意区域的旋翼尾迹瞬态诱导速度分布。以悬停状态旋翼拉力和俯仰角速度阶跃突增为算例,通过与尾迹畸变增广的Pitt-Peters动态入流模型的对比分析,验证了本文模型的正确性和实时性,并得到了一些新的结论。     

悬停旋翼桨尖涡吹气控制的数值模拟

开槽桨尖是减弱旋翼桨尖涡强度的一种被动流动控制手段。旋翼桨尖涡由于涡量高度集中在一个很小的区域范围内,数值计算容易受到网格分布和数值耗散的影响,导致涡量耗散过快,不利于对旋翼尾迹涡开展研究。针对这一问题,文中采用重叠网格局部加密和湍流模型旋转修正等方法,获得了悬停旋翼的高分辨率桨尖涡流场。采用该方法,对比研究Caradonna-Tung旋翼基本外形和开槽桨尖外形在悬停状态下的空间旋涡流场,从涡量分布、旋涡特征速度等方面研究了开槽桨尖控制桨尖涡强度的流动机理,比较了4种不同开槽方式对控制效果的影响,以及对旋翼悬停性能的影响。结果表明,开槽桨尖能够有效减弱桨尖涡的强度,但同时会对旋翼拉力和扭矩产生一定的负面影响。     

变来流速度下旋翼翼型非定常气动特性分析

为分析变来流速度状态下的旋翼翼型气动特性,提出了利用翼型平移来模拟来流速度变化的数值方法.在此方法基础上,采用基于隐式LU-SGS(lower upper symmetric Gauss-Seidal)方法的非定常雷诺平均N-S(Navier-Stokes)(RANS)方程,模拟了SC1095旋翼翼型在定迎角 变来流速度及变迎角 变来流速度状态下的非定常气动特性.通过对比分析发现:翼型在变速度-定迎角状态下会表现出明显的非定常现象,产生了前缘分离涡,气动特性会出现明显的迟滞效应及波动现象,脉动速度越大,非定常效果越明显.并且基准速度越大,翼型气动特性的峰值越大;翼型迎角越大,非定常涡出现的也越早.考虑直升机旋翼翼型实际工作环境,在变速度-动态失速状态下,翼型最大迎角处的气动力会得到一定程度的削弱,在小迎角下的气动力得到一定程度的增强,且脉动速度越大,翼型的非定常特性也越强.      

跨声速轴流压气机转子弯掠控制机理

以1.5级跨声速轴流压气机为研究对象,采用三维数值模拟方法研究弯掠叶片技术对压气机不同工况的控制机理.结果表明:设计转速时前掠与反弯的组合弯掠优于前掠与正弯的组合弯掠,而部分转速时正好相反,这是因为不同弯掠方案对跨声速压气机不同工况的控制机理不同.设计转速时弯掠叶片改变叶顶激波强度和位置以及叶顶间隙泄漏涡强度,并改变叶片表面展向“C”型压力分布,三者共同作用从而提高设计转速时压气机的喘振裕度,但也造成设计转速效率下降;而部分转速时,压气机流场中的激波消失,弯掠叶片改变叶顶吸力面逆压力梯度和增强展向“C”型压力分布,两者共同作用使压气机的稳定性提高,但效率也会下降.      

A fully automated framework for helicopter rotor blades design and analysis including aerodynamics,structure, and manufacturing

This study describes an integrated framework in which basic aerospace engineering aspects (performance, aerodynamics, and structure) and practical aspects (configuration visualiza-tion and manufacturing) are coupled and considered in one fully automated design optimization of rotor blades. A number of codes are developed to robustly perform estimation of helicopter config-uration from sizing, performance analysis, trim analysis, to rotor blades configuration representa-tion. These codes are then integrated with a two-dimensional airfoil analysis tool to fully design rotor blades configuration including rotor planform and airfoil shape for optimal aerodynamics in both hover and forward flights. A modular structure design methodology is developed for real-istic composite rotor blades with a sophisticated cross-sectional geometry. A D-spar cross-sectional structure is chosen as a baseline. The framework is able to analyze all realistic inner configurations including thicknesses of D-spar, skin, web, number and ply angles of layers of each composite part, and materials. A number of codes and commercial software (ANSYS, Gridgen, VABS, PreVABS, etc.) are implemented to automate the structural analysis from aerodynamic data processing to sec-tional properties and stress analysis. An integrated model for manufacturing cost estimation of composite rotor blades developed at the Aerodynamic Analysis and Design Laboratory (AADL), Aerospace Information Engineering Department, Konkuk University is integrated into the framework to provide a rapid and dynamic feedback to configuration design. The integration of three modules has constructed a framework where the size of a helicopter, aerodynamic performance analysis, structure analysis, and manufacturing cost estimation could be quickly investigated. All aspects of a rotor blade including planform, airfoil shape, and inner structure are considered in a multidisciplinary design optimization without an exception of critical configuration.     

基于CFD的涡轮泵转子密封流体激振研究进展

介绍了密封流体激振对转子稳定性的影响，重点论述了利用计算流体力学(CFD)方法进行密封流体激振研究的理论和试验测量方法，对当前研究中存在的难点、重点问题结合国内外发展情况进行了探讨，提出需要发展通用性更好的非稳态数值方法，并利用流体激振的特性来设计密封结构，改善转子动力特性。     

Panel/full-span free-wake coupled method for unsteady aerodynamics of helicopter rotor blade

A full-span free-wake method is coupled with an unsteady panel method to accurately predict the unsteady aerodynamics of helicopter rotor blades in hover and forward flight. The unsteady potential-based panel method is used to consider aerodynamics of finite thickness multi-bladed rotors, and the full-span free-wake method is applied to simulating dynamics of rotor wake. These methods are tightly coupled through trailing-edge Kutta condition and by converting doublet-wake panels to full-span vortex filaments. A velocity-field integration technique is also adopted to overcome singularity problem during the interaction between the rotor wake and blades. Helicopter rotors including Caradonna-Tung, UH-60A, and AH-1G rotors, are simulated in hover and forward flight to validate the accuracy of this approach. The predicted aerodynamic loads of rotor blades agree well with available measured data and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results, and the unsteady dynamics of rotor wake is also well simulated. Compared to CFD, the present method obtains accurate results more efficiently and is suitable to rotorcraft aeroelastic analysis.