大跨时空任务背景下的太阳能无人机任务规划技术研究进展

通过任务规划技术合理的优化太阳能无人机的飞行轨迹和动力学参数,能够有效提高太阳能无人机的能量利用率,使其胜任许多大范围跨时间跨空间飞行任务。从能量建模、续航评估和能量管理策略3个方面对大跨时空任务背景下太阳能无人机任务规划技术的研究进展进行了综述。在能量建模方面,介绍了当前主流的太阳辐射模型和能量生产基本框架;在续航评估方面,分析了目前的指标设计和应用方法;在能量管理策略方面,从能量综合应用、风力滑翔机制、轨迹优化方法和面向特定任务的应用4个角度,梳理了当前的研究现状。最后,对该领域未来可能的研究方向进行了展望。     

Shock protection of penetrator-based instrumentation via a sublimation approach

It is often necessary for space-borne instrumentation to cope with substantial levels of shock acceleration both in the initial launch phase, as well as during entry, descent and landing in the case of planetary exploration. Current plans for a new generation of penetrator-based space missions will subject the associated on-board instrumentation to far greater levels of shock, and ways must therefore be found to either ruggedize or else protect any sensitive components during the impact phase. In this paper, we present an innovative method of shock protection that is suited for use in a number of planetary environments, based upon the temporary encapsulation of said components within a waxy solid which may then be sublimated to return the instrument back to its normal operation. We have tested this method experimentally using micromachined silicon suspensions under applied shock loads of up to 15,000g, and found that these were able to survive without incurring damage. Furthermore, quality factor measurements undertaken on these suspensions indicate that their mechanical performance remains unaffected by the encapsulation and subsequent sublimation process.     

信息安全绩效测量体系研究

绩效管理是指组织内各级管理者和员工为了达到组织目标共同参与的绩效计划制定、绩效辅导沟通、绩效考核评价、绩效结果应用、绩效目标提升的持续循环过程,绩效管理的目的是持续提升个人、部门和组织的绩效。良好的绩效管理体系能够激发管理者和员工的工作积极性、创造性,自发改进组织目标的实现过程,提高目标实现的效率和效果。相反,糟糕的绩效管理体系给组织带来的负面影响也是巨大的。信息安全管理是组织管理的重要组成部分。本文立足组织信息安全管理,重点研究信息安全绩效测量体系制定环节,结合国际国内相关标准,剖析信息安全绩效测量体系的设计方法,分享设计思路。     

Earth observation from space – The issue of environmental sustainability

Remote sensing scientists work under assumptions that should not be taken for granted and should, therefore, be challenged. These assumptions include the following:1. Space, especially Low Earth Orbit (LEO), will always be available to governmental and commercial space entities that launch Earth remote sensing missions.2. Space launches are benign with respect to environmental impacts.3. Minimization of Type 1 error, which provides increased confidence in the experimental outcome, is the best way to assess the significance of environmental change.4. Large-area remote sensing investigations, i.e. national, continental, global studies, are best done from space.5. National space missions should trump international, cooperative space missions to ensure national control and distribution of the data products.At best, all of these points are arguable, and in some cases, they're wrong. Development of observational space systems that are compatible with sustainability principles should be a primary concern when Earth remote sensing space systems are envisioned, designed, and launched. The discussion is based on the hypothesis that reducing the environmental impacts of the data acquisition step, which is at the very beginning of the information stream leading to decision and action, will enhance coherence in the information stream and strengthen the capacity of measurement processes to meet their stated functional goal, i.e. sustainable management of Earth resources. We suggest that unconventional points of view should be adopted and when appropriate, remedial measures considered that could help to reduce the environmental footprint of space remote sensing and of Earth observation and monitoring systems in general. This article discusses these five assumptions in the context of sustainable management of Earth's resources. Taking each assumption in turn, we find the following:(1) Space debris may limit access to Low Earth Orbit over the next decades.(2) Relatively speaking, given that they're rare event, space launches may be benign, but study is merited on upper stratospheric and exospheric layers given the chemical activity associated with rocket combustion by-products.(3) Minimization of Type II error should be considered in situations where minimization of Type I error greatly hampers or precludes our ability to correct the environmental condition being studied.(4) In certain situations, airborne collects may be less expensive and more environmentally benign, and comparative studies should be done to determine which path is wisest.(5) International cooperation and data sharing will reduce instrument and launch costs and mission redundancy. Given fiscal concerns of most of the major space agencies – e.g. NASA, ESA, CNES – it seems prudent to combine resources.     

轨控大干扰下的系统角动量管理

摘要： 针对利用角动量交换装置系统实现轨控期间姿态维持的情况,研究当轨控推力器存在大力矩扰动时系统角动量管理方法.结合对地运行航天器轨道运动特性,分析轨控干扰力矩的积累角动量变化规律;考虑角动量管理装置系统的角动量存贮容量,基于角动量积累规律提出了一种结合偏置角动量建立与对称分布轨控位置选择的系统角动量管理方法,实现了对称轨控位置积累角动量互相抵消的自平衡效果,极大程度地提高轨控效率且避免系统角动量饱和现象.所提出的方法适用于喷气欠驱动控制系统,方法的有效性通过了数学仿真验证及在轨型号应用.     

基于量化控制的校准/检测实验室质量管理及实践CSCD

介绍了校准/检测实验室开展质量管理量化控制的思路,以及重点控制项的量化控制方法及初步实践,通过对计量证书质量、质量体系建设、共性问题专项治理、质量培训等方面的量化管控,有效促进校准/检测实验室质量工作的开展。     

浅谈如何以内部审计工作促进企业管理水平的提高

本文从内部审计的职能、作用入手,在强调审计监督职能的基础上,突出内部审计工作对企业经营管理的服务职能,试图建立以内部审计管理为核心的企业管理模式,促进企业管理水平的提高.     

一种飞机大仰角飞行的模糊控制方法

提出了一种飞机大仰角飞行的动态逆模糊集成控制方法。首先使用动态逆方法求得系统的逆，使系统反馈线性化，然后，用具有在线规则自调整的模糊控制方法来确保系统的最终特性。该方法应用在高性能收音机俯仰机动指令系统的设计中，仿真结果表明，所设计的控制器满足操纵品质的要求，并且，在大仰角飞行时具有较好的鲁棒性。     

民用飞机电子显示技术的发展

电子显示仪表是航空仪表发展的一次革命,使民用飞机仪表发生了根本性变化,大大提高了座舱仪表信息综合程度和自动化程度;改善了人机工效,提高了飞行安全性。本文阐述电子显示仪表的三个发展阶段、技术特点和未来的发展。     

过失速机动飞机的鲁棒非线性控制律设计

 采用非线性动态逆和结构奇异值综合方法设计了过失速飞行条件下飞控系统控制律,解决了飞控设计中面临的非线性和鲁棒性问题。应用非线性动态逆的目的就是对过失速机动飞行条件下高度非线性的飞机动力学进行线化;从而围绕线性的快逆回路应用结构奇异值综合方法设计相应的鲁棒控制器,以提供对驾驶员指令的鲁棒跟踪。所设计的飞控系统将达到期望的飞行品质,确保系统对过失速机动飞行过程中因非定常气动力效应引起的系统参数摄动鲁棒性良好。高逼真度、非线性的仿真验证了这一点。